PVA-PEG/SiO_2-TiO_2杂化纤维的制备与表征

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)与聚乙二醇(PEG)共混,并以正硅酸乙(酯TEOS)和钛酸四丁酯(TBT)为无机前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同(SiO_2-TiO_2)含量的PVA-PEG/SiO_2-TiO_2杂化溶胶,陈化后用提拉法制得杂化纤维.研究了杂化溶胶的可纺性,并使用IR、光学显微镜、UV-Vis和TG对杂化纤维的结构与性能进行了研究.结果表明:随硅钛摩尔比的增加或随有机相中PEG/PVA质量比的增加,溶胶的可纺性变好;有机相与无机相之间通过化学键连接;纤维直径为50μm左右;TiO_2的引入增加了其抗紫外性,杂化纤维的耐热性优于纯PVA-PEG.     

PBMA-SiO2杂化纤维的制备及表征

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯(PBMA)为前躯体,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VTEOS)为偶联剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2纤维和PBMA/SiO2杂化纤维,并使用IR、SEM、TGA等进行了结构与性能表征,研究了溶胶的杂化反应机理、成纤性能.结果表明:硅烷偶联剂的引入使得PBMA-SiO2杂化纤维均匀性较好,纤维中有机相与无机相之间通过化学键连接,实现了有机-无机组分的充分贯穿;其耐热性能优于纯PBMA.     

PMMA/SiO_2-TiO_2杂化纤维的制备与表征

以正硅酸乙酯和钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷为偶联剂,采用溶胶凝胶原位聚合法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅-二氧化钛(PMMA/SiO2-TiO2)杂化溶胶,陈化后用提拉法制得杂化纤维。研究了溶胶的杂化反应机理;使用红外光谱(IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱(FL)和热重分析(TGA)分析了杂化纤维的结构与性能。结果表明,PMMA与SiO2-TiO2之间通过化学键连接;纤维直径为150μm,在纤维内部有机无机相间形成均一的连续相;TiO2的引入增加了其抗紫外性;杂化纤维具有荧光性能;其耐热性能优于纯PMMA。     

PMMA／SiO2杂化纤维的制备及表征

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和PMMA低聚体为原料,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VTEOS)为偶联剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了PMMA/SiO2杂化溶胶,陈化后用提拉法制得PMMA/SiO2杂化纤维。研究了溶胶的杂化反应机理、成纤性能;使用IR、SEM、TGA及DSC分析了杂化纤维的结构与性能。结果表明,该杂化溶胶具有很好的拉丝性能,黏度为180 Pa.s~300 Pa.s时的成纤性能好,所制得的杂化纤维,其中PMMA与SiO2之间通过化学键连接,在纤维内部有机无机相间形成均一的连续相;其耐热性能优于纯PMMA。     

低收缩块状PMMA/SiO_2杂化材料制备及性能表征

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和硅烷偶联剂(MPMS)为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出低收缩、具有良好光学性能的PMMA/SiO2杂化材料。通过透射电子显微镜、差热分析、红外吸收光谱和紫外光-可见分光光度计表征了杂化材料的微观形貌、热性能和透明性。结果表明材料的网络结构相对比较均匀,在可见光波长范围内材料均一性好;有机相和无机相之间是通过共价键相互连接的,没有出现有机相、无机相分离现象;杂化材料的透光率约90%。     

有机-无机分子杂化稀土发光材料研究

利用无机正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）和有机聚乙二醇（PEG），采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了一系列有机／无机纳米杂化复合材料。首先将TEOS在酸性条件下预水解，再与PEG共水解、共缩聚以形成有机／无机杂化网络结构。在溶胶一凝胶过程中引入稀土离子来制备发光材料。通过控制工艺条件得到了具有良好稳定性和发光性能的透明有机／无机纳米杂化材料。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯-顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物/SiO2杂化材料的制备与性能

用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTEOS)为交联剂，以甲基丙烯酸甲膏(MMA)、顺丁烯二酸酐(MAH)和四乙氧基硅(TEOS)为原料，通过自由基溶液聚合和溶胶-凝胶过程制得了两相间以共价键结合的透明MMA-MAH共聚物／SiO2有机-无机杂化材料。通过FT-IR分析证实了材料有机相与无机相之间是以共价键结合的．随着无机相含量的增加，材料热性能呈明显上升趋势．复合材料可见光透过率在75％左右，当SiO2含量超过一定值后，可见光透过率逐渐降低。研究结果初步表明，在复合材料中有机相和无机相是纳米复合的。     

PVA/SiO_2/TiO_2杂化纤维的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)为原料制备了SiO2/TiO2溶胶,并与PVA进行杂化,得到PVA/SiO2/TiO2杂化溶胶,陈化后用拉丝法制得PVA/SiO2/TiO2杂化纤维。研究了PVA和TBOT对杂化溶胶的黏度变化与成纤性能的影响,并对杂化纤维的性能进行了测试。用FT-IR、EDS、XRD和TG对制得的纤维进行了表征。结果表明,PVA有利于改善杂化溶胶的成纤性能,随钛含量增加杂化溶胶的黏度变化速度加快;杂化纤维中各组分分布较为均匀,通过杂化限制了PVA的结晶并改善了PVA的耐热性能。     

光固化有机硅/纳米SiO2杂化材料的制备和表征

以双碳羟基硅油(K-50)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(1PDI)和丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)为原料,合成光敏性有机硅树脂PSUA;以PSUA为有机相,溶胶-凝胶法制备的硅溶胶为无机相,以γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(TMSPM)为两相间的偶联剂,制备了光固化有机/无机杂化体系.对反应产物和硅溶胶进行了红外光谱(FT-IR)分析,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了光固化膜断面形貌,用铅笔硬度法测定了光固化膜硬度.结果表明合成了预期产物,光固化杂化体系中纳米SiO2分散比较均匀,光固化膜具有很好的韧性和较高的硬度.     

纳米SiO_2有机杂化膜制备研究

采用共混法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SiO_2有机杂化膜,考察了制备方法和SiO_2的性质对杂化膜结构和性能的影响.结果表明:采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备的杂化膜同共混法得到的杂化膜及未杂化膜相比,机械性能明显提高,膜微观结构改善,并表现出良好的气体分离性能.此外,杂化膜中无机相的负载量也是一个影响杂化膜结构和性能的重要因素,当正硅酸乙酯的添加量为30%(wt)时,杂化膜的综合性能较为理想.     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Thermal diffusion in binary mixtures H2-CCl2F2 and H2-CHClF2

Thermal diffusion coefficients were measured in two gaseous mixtures, in which one component was close to the critical temperature, in the pressure range (19.6–127.4)·10⁴ N/m² and at a freon concentration of 0.25–0.8.     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Radial GRIN glasses in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems

A series of GRIN glass rods have been developed in Li2O-Na2O-Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 systems. Negative radial refractive index profiles were generated by exchanging Na+ for Li+ ions in these glass rods. It has been observed that TiO2 plays a vital role in increase in the profile depth and maximum change in the refractive index because of its ambivalent nature. Change in the refractive index can be further increased by increasing the concentration of exchanging cation in the base glass.     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O