严重拖尾杂波中距离扩展目标的自适应极化检测

为了解决统计特性未知的严重拖尾杂波背景下距离扩展目标的信号检测问题,提出了一种基于广义似然比检验(GLRT)的自适应极化检测器．该检测器利用了雷达回波的极化信息,并使用辅助数据估计杂波的协方差矩阵．推导了其虚警概率表达式,理论分析验证了该检测器对于杂波能量和杂波协方差矩阵具有恒虚警特性．仿真结果表明,该自适应极化检测器在较低信杂比下就可以获得好的检测性能,且相比于点目标自适应极化检测器和单极化自适应检测器,具有更优的检测性能．     

基于Toeplitz矩阵初值的协方差估计方法

随着雷达分辨率的提高海杂波的分布已经不符合高斯分布,传统的检测器在非高斯环境下的性能也大幅下降.通过非高斯海杂波概率密度函数的似然函数推导出一个海杂波协方差矩阵的原始构型,通过解该协方差矩阵,提出了在非高斯海杂波环境下采用初值为Toeplitz矩阵的固定点协方差矩阵估计方法(T-FP),经过实测海杂波数据下的性能仿真结...     

Inshore ambiguity clutter suppression method aided by clutter classification

To address the problem that the clutter suppression performance is reduced for the multichannel synthetic aperture radar(SAR) because of the ambiguous component of the land clutter in the inshore area,we propose an inshore ambiguity clutter suppression method aided by on clutter classification.First,a multi-look interference feature covariance matrix(MIFCM) for each range-Doppler unit is constructed,which includes multi-look interference magnitude/phase and multi-look interference magnitude gradient information.Next,with the affine invariant riemannian(AIR) distance measure of MIFCMs,the clutter classification result can be acquired.Finally,with the clutter classification result,we select independent and identically distributed(IID) training samples to estimate the clutter covariance matrix in the ambiguous clutter region,with clutter suppression performed in the multichannel SAR image domain.Simulation result shows that the proposed method can accurately classify and suppress the azimuth ambiguous clutter in the inshore area.     

海杂波背景下雷达目标贝叶斯检测算法

针对非高斯海杂波背景下参考单元数目较少时自适应检测器性能损失严重的问题,提出了两种基于协方差矩阵先验分布信息的自适应检测算法,将海杂波建模为复合高斯模型,纹理分量建模为一个服从广义逆高斯分布的随机变量.首先将散斑的协方差矩阵建模为一个服从复逆威沙特分布的随机矩阵,然后根据广义似然比准则设计了一种不依赖于参考单元数据的自...     

相干雷达极化自适应匹配滤波器

提出了高斯杂波背景下相干雷达极化自适应匹配滤波器的结构．将先前的单通道和双通道自适应匹配滤波器推广至一般极化接收通道情况,利用雷达回波的极化信息来提高检测性能．推导出了虚警概率表达式．研究结果表明,多极化通道自适应匹配滤波器相对于杂波协方差矩阵有恒虚警的性质．仿真分析了不同极化状态时的检测性能．     

利用先验知识的空时自适应检测方法

针对雷达空时自适应检测中非均匀杂波造成可用均匀训练样本数少的问题,研究了在自适应检测器设计过程中融合先验知识的方法．自适应检测器中的协方差矩阵通常由多个独立同高斯分布向量估计得到,由于这些向量的外积之和服从Wishart分布,所以假定Wald检测器中的协方差矩阵是随机的且服从逆Wishart先验分布,该分布的参数矩阵可根据雷达探测环境的先验知识获得．基于上述假定推导出融合先验知识的Wald准则检测器,不仅利用了训练样本中的信息,还充分利用了探测环境先验信息．仿真实验表明,小样本情况下利用先验知识的Wald检测器的检测性能优于传统的检测器．     

双基机载雷达的杂波谱补偿方法

双基机载雷达结构中杂波多普勒频率是随距离和双基结构发生变化的,使杂波谱在距离上呈现严重的非平稳性,导致杂波协方差矩阵估计困难．针对此问题提出一种基于最小二乘的空域导向矢量拟合的杂波谱补偿方法,先将训练单元上的空域导向矢量向待检单元的空域导向矢量投影得到一个变换矩阵,用这个矩阵对训练单元上的数据进行预处理,消除杂波谱的非平稳性,得到足够的统计数据,从而构造新的杂波协方差矩阵,最后利用空时自适应算法对补偿后的数据进行杂波抑制．仿真结果表明该方法能够有效地抑制地杂波的非平稳性,提高雷达杂波抑制的性能．     

降维STAP中稀疏恢复的角度多普勒通道选择方法

在机载雷达信号处理中,高强度的地杂波严重影响信号检测性能,而空时自适应处理(STAP)是一种有效抑制杂波的技术。实际处理中,由于杂波的非均匀性,空时自适应处理往往面临着可用有效样本数较少的问题,同时机载雷达处理的信号维度极为庞大。为了解决这些问题,提出了一种基于稀疏恢复的降维STAP通道选择方法。利用少量样本通过稀疏恢复的方法估计出全维度的杂波协方差矩阵(CCM),并以此为依据评估各个通道的重要性,选择合适的通道构造出降维后的杂波协方差矩阵并进行STAP处理,解决了有效样本较少的问题,同时保证了降维算法的性能。数值仿真验证了算法有效且比典型的稀疏STAP算法效果更好,讨论了在不同样本数下,输出性能与通道数的关系,结论具有工程应用意义。     

Robust registration based compensation method based on sparse recovery

The loss of the degree of system freedom and mismatch of prior information based on the registration based compensation (RBC) method will result in a decline in computational performance. In order to solve above problems, a robust method named SRBC is proposed where the sparse recovery method is applied instead of the sub-aperture smoothing operation. First, the SRBC utilizes the sparse recovery to get the super resolution clutter space-time spectrum. Then the transition covariance matrix is calculated. Finally, the clutter covariance matrix is reconstructed by the Capon spectrum. Compared with the traditional RBC method, the SRBC proposed does not depend on sub-aperture smoothing operation and prior information and maintains the performance of clutter range-dependence. In addition, it is also steadier when the sensor error exists. Experimental simulation demonstrates the correctness and feasibility of this method.     

贝塞尔级数展开的机载前视阵雷达杂波谱补偿方法

提出了基于级数展开的杂波谱补偿方法,首先采用贝塞尔函数对每个距离环实现方位和俯仰角的分离;接着将训练单元的俯仰矢量向待检单元进行投影,得到一个变换矩阵.再使用变换矩阵对给定的多普勒门的数据进行处理,减轻杂波谱对距离的依赖性;最后,从变换后的数据中估计杂波协方差矩阵,再利用空时自适应算法对补偿后的数据进行杂波抑制.仿真结果表明,该方法能有效改善杂波的非平稳性,提高了系统抑制杂波的性能.     

基于分数低阶归一化匹配滤波的目标检测方法

在非高斯相关杂波背景下,基于归一化匹配滤波检测方法的性能随着非高斯特性增强而下降.为消除非高斯性的影响,提出一种基于分数低阶归一化匹配滤波的雷达目标检测方法.首先对观测数据进行分数低阶幂运算处理,然后基于杂波分数低阶统计量给出了检测模型,该模型的杂波散斑分量协方差矩阵通过对杂波分数低阶协方差矩阵进行归一化而得到.仿真结果表明,在非高斯杂波背景下该方法的检测性能优于归一化匹配滤波方法及传统MTD方法.     

机载稀疏阵天线空时杂波谱的深入研究

针对机载稀疏阵列天线雷达的空时杂波谱特性进行了研究,发现不同的稀疏方法和时域脉冲数都对杂波协方差矩阵的秩以及杂波谱有影响。提出在稀疏后的阵列中如果在任意两个阵元间所含的半波长的个数小于等于时域脉冲的个数,且同时保持总的阵列孔径不变,那么无论稀疏后阵列中还剩余多少个有效阵元,杂波协方差矩阵的秩都保持不变。用数值仿真对多种稀疏方法下的阵列空时杂波谱进行了分析,数值结果与所提理论相一致。     

Registration based compensation method based on adaptive subspace tracking

The registration based compensation (RBC) method is an effective method to compensate the range-dependence of the main-lobe clutter and side-lobe clutter in the same time. However, the compensation performance of the RBC degrades because of the mismatch of prior information and the loss of degree of system freedom. Moreover, the RBC is not very suited for real-time implementation because of the enormous computational complexity and memory usage of eigenvalue decomposition. In this paper, a novel clutter range-dependence compensation method using the modified maximum likelihood adaptive subspace estimation algorithm, which is named the MRBC method for short, is proposed. The eigenvectors matrix and eigenvalues matrix of the clutter covariance matrix are estimated by iterative tracking instead of temporal and spatial smoothing, spectrum calculation and eigenvalue decomposition. Compared with the traditional RBC method, the proposed method can reduce the computational complexity significantly and maintain the performance of clutter range-dependence compensation. In addition, the proposed method can also achieve good performance when the system error exists because of no use of prior information. Experimental simulations demonstrate the validity of this method.     

基于Bayes准则的STAP协方差矩阵估计算法

针对杂波功率随距离缓变的非均匀环境,提出了一种新的基于Bayes准则的加权最大似然估计(WMLE)算法,以改善空时自适应处理(STAP)中的协方差矩阵估计．通过对训练数据进行事件定义,利用Bayes准则给出了加权系数的准确计算方法,解决了WMLE中加权系数的求解难题．仿真分析验证了所提出算法的正确性和有效性．     

Fast space-time adaptive processing method by using the sparse representation

One of the key problems of space-time adaptive processing (STAP) is how to estimate the clutter covariance matrix (CCM) accurately with a small number of samples when the clutter environment is heterogeneous. The CCM estimation methods based on sparse representation (CCM-SR) can achieve a good estimation performance with only one or a few samples, which significantly improves the convergence rate of the STAP. By using the sparsity characteristic of the clutter spectrum, the CCM-SR method estimates the clutter spectrum and yields a good estimation of the CCM. However, there are often many pseudo-peaks in the clutter spectrum estimated by the sparse representation (SR), which will cause a CCM estimation error. By exploiting the special relationship of the clutter ridge curve between space domain and Doppler domain, we can eliminate the pseudo-peaks in the clutter spectrum effectively via fitting the curve of the clutter ridge and improve the estimation accuracy of the CCM. In addition, a byproduct of our method is the estimation of the flying parameters (the velocity of the radar platform, the crab angle and so on). Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the performance of conventional STAP based on sparse representation (STAP-SR) and obtain a good estimation of the flight parameters.     

一种非均匀环境下多通道SAR动目标检测算法

针对非均匀环境中SAR-GMTI动目标检测性能下降的问题,提出了一种新的动目标检测算法。该算法首先通过广义内积（GIP）来修正杂波的协方差矩阵,从而达到抑制均匀杂波的目的,然后利用恒虚警（CFAR）检测技术提取动目标及强干扰目标,最后根据杂波抑制剩余信号的多普勒中心来剔除强干扰目标。理论分析及实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够很好地抑制均匀杂波,且能剔除强干扰目标,适用于强干扰存在的非均匀环境。     

特征矢量约束的近程杂波抑制鲁棒自适应波束形成算法

针对机载非正侧视阵在距离模糊条件下的近程杂波抑制问题,提出了一种俯仰滤波算法.利用杂波协方差矩阵特征分解形式,建立了一种特征矢量选择方法.用该方法挑选出对应于近程和远程的特征矢量作为波束形成算法的约束.相对于传统算法,这种特征矢量约束的波束形成算法指向误差和导向矢量失配更具鲁棒性,并克服了主瓣畸变的问题.仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性.     

Floating small target detection in the sea clutter via block-whitened clutter suppression

It is always a difficult task for the marine surface surveillance radar to detect the floating small target embedded in the sea clutter. Considering the non-uniform and non-stationary nature of sea clutter, the block-whitening strategy is used to suppress the clutter. By analyzing the differences between the energy distributions of the clutter-only returns and those of the returns with the target in the time-frequency (TF) plane, a TF feature is extracted via the TF-ridge-aided Hough transform. A detector using the TF feature is proposed. Experimental results for the IPIX radar datasets show that the proposed detector attains a better detection performance than the fractal-based detector in a relatively short observation time.     

A New Two-Stage Tunable Space-Time Adaptive Detector

In order to improve the rejection capability of mismatched interferer signals, a new two-stage detector is proposed under homogeneous scenarios with unknown covariance matrix, which is obtained by cascading the adaptive matched filter (AMF) detector and the enhanced RAO (EnRAO) detector. The new detector has constant false alarm performance, and the closed-form expression of probability of false alarm and probability of detection is derived. The performance of the new detector is assessed, and analyzed in comparison with other detectors. The results show that, the proposed detector can provide enhanced rejection capability in the case of mismatch, but the performance of the detector is slightly lost under the condition of matching.     

基于输出信杂噪比的机载雷达训练样本选择算法

在非均匀杂波环境下,被干扰目标污染的训练样本会严重影响空时自适应处理(space-time adaptive processing,STAP)性能,需进行剔除.该文提出一种基于输出信杂噪比(signal-to-clutterplus-noise ratio,SCNR)的训练样本选择算法,以输出SCNR值作为检验统计量进...