反射式掺杂液晶光子晶体光纤电场传感实验研究

提出了一种反射式结构的掺杂向列液晶(NLC)光子晶体光纤(PCF)电场测量传感器。传感器由小于1cm长的掺入液晶实芯PCF构成,在掺杂光纤端面镀Ag膜以提高端面反射率。通过实验,测量出了反射光强随电场强度增加的变化情况,证实了设计的传感器可以用于电场在1.4～3.7kVrms/mm范围内的电场测量,同时获得了镀膜对反射光强的影响以及对传感器灵敏度、精度的影响。     

铌酸锂晶体结构对电场传感器灵敏度影响分析

铌酸锂晶体光学电场传感器为全介质结构,具有宽带宽、对被测电场干扰小的优点,但其灵敏度较低。因此,分析了晶体几何尺寸对传感器灵敏度的影响机理,得出通过增加沿外加电场方向的晶体尺寸同时减少晶体横截面上沿外加电场垂直方向的晶体尺寸来提高传感器的灵敏度。使用COMSOL仿真分析了铌酸锂晶体不同厚度、宽度、长度对晶体内部电场强度的影响,得出晶体厚度从15 mm减小到3 mm和宽度从3 mm增加到22 mm时,晶体内部电场强度分别提高约5.1倍和12.3倍;晶体长度从15 mm变化到55 mm时,晶体内部的电场强度变化仅约为5%。设计并研制出晶体尺寸分别为3 mm×3 mm×42.2 mm (x×y×z),3 mm×6 mm×42.2 mm (x×y×z),6 mm×6 mm×42.2 mm(x×y×z)的三只铌酸锂晶体电场传感器,并搭建工频电场测试平台,测试得出三只电场传感器的灵敏度分别为0.243 mV/(kV·m^-1)、0.758 mV/(kV·m^-1)、0.150 mV/(kV·m^-1)。当晶体厚度和长度一定且晶体宽度从3 ...     

填充混合液体的光子晶体光纤温度传感研究

为获得高灵敏度光子晶体光纤温度传感,在实心光子晶体光纤（PCF）空气孔中填充氯仿和酒精等高折射率热敏液体的混合物。理论上采用有限元法分析了温度对光纤模场面积和限制损耗的影响。通过调节液体的混合比,使损耗对温度的灵敏度达到最大值,实现了高灵敏度PCF温度传感。实验表明,填充液体的长为4mm的PCF温度传感器,灵敏度经检测...     

顺电相KTN中反射型全息相位栅的衍射效率分析

在顺电相光折变晶体中存储全息相位光栅是研制新型电控全息光开关的有效途径。为了提高光栅的衍射效率,将Kogelnik耦合波理论与Kukhtarev方程相结合,得出了顺电相钽铌酸钾晶体中反射型相位栅衍射效率的解析式,对影响光栅衍射效率的各因素进行了计算分析。结果表明,使写入光的入射角远离45°、增加晶体厚度和增大外加电场等措施都可以使反射型全息相位栅的衍射效率提高。45°入射角附近出现较宽的低衍射区。衍射效率对入射角、晶体厚度以及外加电场的变化敏感,其中任一个参量的较小改变都可以引起衍射效率的较大变化。晶体的吸收对衍射效率的影响可以忽略。分析结果有助于在实践中调整参量以获得较高的读出光衍射效率。     

基于液晶填充的全内反射型光子晶体光纤的温度传感特性

在实心光子晶体光纤包层的空气柱中填充向列相液晶,选用液晶的折射率在所研究的温度和波长范围内小于光纤背景玻璃的折射率,形成全内反射型光子晶体光纤.采用空间填充基模折射率法求得填充液晶包层的有效折射率,用阶跃有效折射率模型研究了液晶填充光子晶体光纤的温度传感特性,并进行了数值计算.结果表明,液晶填充全内反射型光子晶体光纤的有效折射率和等效芯半径随温度升高而增大,在温度接近液晶相变点附近增大更快,二阶模截止波长随温度升高而减小,在温度接近液晶相变点附近减小更快.     

外加交变电场情况下屏蔽明孤子自偏换特性研究

用微扰法从理论上计算了外加交变电场的光折变晶体中屏蔽明孤子的自偏转特性,在外加交变电场的有效电场方向与晶轴方向一致的情况下,晶体中形成屏蔽明孤子,其自偏转方向偏向晶轴反方向,并且孤子中心的偏转轨迹为一抛物线,当传播距离为一定值时,其偏转距离与外加交变电场值的三次方、光强调制度分别成正比,当孤子中心光强与暗辐射强度的比值为10时,光孤子的偏转距离最大。伴随自偏转的同时,光孤子中心的空间频率随着传播距离由低频向高频线性移动,导致光孤子的横截面振幅分布发生了变化,偏转方向的曲线斜率变大,反方向的曲线变得平坦。     

Electronic tunability of ferroelectric liquid crystal infiltrated photonic crystal fibre

The electronic tunability of ferroelectric liquid crystal filled photonic crystal fibres is demonstrated for the first time. The tunability is obtained in the wavelength range of 1500-1600-nm, with a free spectral range of-20-nm. The electronic tunability is achieved by applying an electric field onto the infiltrated photonic crystal fibre which facilitates the photonic bandgap tuning owing to the microsecond-order switching speeds of ferroelectric liquid crystals. The polarised transmission spectrum shows the behaviour of a tunable notch filter with a change in applied voltage. The results obtained could pave the way for the fabrication of fast tunable all-in-fibre devices in the telecom wavelength range.     

High-sensitivity refractive index sensors based on fused tapered photonic crystal fiber

In this paper, a novel liquid refractive index (RI) sensor based on fused tapered photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed. It is fabricated by fusing and tapering a section of PCF which is spliced with two single-mode fibers (SMFs). Due to the fused biconical taper method, the sensor becomes longer and thinner, to make the change of the outside RI has more direct effects on the internal optical field of the PCF, which finally enhances the sensitivity of this sensor. Experimental results show that the transmission spectra of the sensor are red-shifted obviously with the increase of RI. The longer the tapered region of the sensor, the higher the sensitivity is. This sensor has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication, high performance and so on, so it has potential applications in RI measurement.     

选择性填充光子晶体光纤应变特性研究

微结构的光子晶体光纤,通过填充光敏等功能材料,具有可调谐、全光纤结构和易于集成等优点,是光纤光子器件发展的重要方向.毛细管法将高折射率的匹配液,填充到空心光子晶体光纤中邻近纤芯的空气孔中,两端熔接单模光纤,制成高灵敏的应变传感器.实验表明,当填充30mm长,折射率为1.508的匹配液时,测得应变灵敏度约为每应变4.36pm.实验结果与仿真结果相符,这种装置可用于高灵敏的应变传感.     

大模场宽频单模光子晶体光纤的设计与制备

文章对无尽单模光子晶体光纤进行了理论设计,并提出了微结构光纤的制造工艺技术和相应的光纤拉丝工艺参数,制造出了较大模场的宽频单模光子晶体光纤,该光纤的芯直径为13.1 μm,微孔直径为3.2 μm,孔间距为8.2 μm,1 550 nm波长的模场直径为14.6 μm,1 550 nm的衰减为0.6 dB/km,1 383 nm水峰为14.9 dB/km.截止波长测试和近场光强分布检验表明,该光子晶体光纤确实具备较宽的单模工作范围.     

Highly Sensitive Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Refractive Index Sensing Using Mechanical Long-Period Grating

We experimentally demonstrate a novel refractive index (RI) sensor with the measurand infiltrated into the air channels of a single mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF). A tunable long-period grating is formed in a short length of PCF by use of the periodic mechanical pressure. Resonance shift with the change of the infiltrated liquid is observed with a sensitivity of ${hbox{4.1}} times {hbox{10}}^{-6}$ RI unit in a refractive index range from 1.32 to 1.39. The thermal stability of the pure-silica-based PCF device shows a three times better performance compared with conventional single mode fiber.      

用于光子晶体光纤研究的超格子构造法

提出应用“超格子构造法”研究光子晶体光纤(PCF)的传输特性。电场用正交完备的厄米-高斯(Hermite-Gauss)函数展开,有中心缺陷的周期性分布的介电常数用两组不同周期的介电常数分布迭加构成超格子，每组介电常数都用余弦函数展开,然后利用波动方程及厄米-高斯函数的正交性。得到光子晶体光纤的传输特性(模场分布、双折射、色散)。模式双折射的大小可用以衡量该算法的精度。     

椭圆孔光子晶体光纤的偏振特性

摘要采用正交函数算法，提出了一种新型椭圆孔光子晶体光纤的本地正交函数模型。采用两种周期性结构的叠加构造超格子，用以表征光子晶体光纤(PCF)的横向折射率分布，同时将横向电场展开为Hermite-Gaussian函数。从电磁场的波动方程出发得到关于传播常数的本征方程。进而得到光子晶体光纤的传播常数、模场分布、偏振特性等传输特性。应用此模型讨论了椭圆孔光子晶体光纤基模两个偏振模式的双折射和群速度走离特性。研究表明，椭圆孔光子晶体光纤具有较大的模式双折射和群速度走离，双折射、群速度走离与频率的依赖关系和普通保偏光纤不同。另外椭圆孔光子晶体光纤还可实现在单模区同时保持高双折射和零群速度走离，可用于研究光纤的非线性。     

宽带调谐光子晶体光纤多功能太赫兹器件

基于液晶分子的指向矢随外加电场改变而变化的特点,设计了一种新型电场调制液晶太赫兹器件。利用全矢量平面波展开法和光束传播法分别研究了光子晶体光纤的带隙位置和传输光谱的电场分布。同时,利用时域有限差分法计算了液晶分子指向矢随外电场的变化关系。结果显示该器件不仅可以在0.55 THz的宽带范围内实现开关功能,且具有耦合损耗低、消光比高等优点,消光比为30.78 dB。当太赫兹波的入射频率满足光纤的单偏振条件时,该器件还具有偏振控制功能,能够改变传输模式的偏振状态。     

Tunable Photonic Crystal Fiber Couplers With a Thermo-Responsive Liquid Crystal Resonator

We theoretically address the thermo-optical response of multicore photonic crystal fiber (PCF) couplers infiltrated with nematic liquid crystals (LCs). The proposed PCF coupler consists of two identical cores separated by a third one which acts as a liquid crystal resonator. With an appropriate choice of the design parameters associated with the liquid crystal core, phase matching at a single wavelength can be achieved, thus enabling thermo-tunable narrow-band resonant directional coupling between the input and the output cores. The verification of the proposed coupler design is ensured through an accurate PCF analysis based on finite element and beam propagation methods. The enhanced thermo-optical properties of LC-based PCF couplers are highly attractive for photo-thermal sensing applications.     

Design of a bending-insensitive single-mode photonic crystal fiber

We present a design of a bending-insensitive single-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based on the existence of a triangular core formed by three neighboring air holes missing in the center of the fiber, and two cladding layers of air holes with different diameters. By optimizing the design parameters, the designed PCF with bending-insensitive characteristics can match the requirements of fiber to the home applications very well. Simulation results show that the designed PCF has an effectively single-mode operation, a small bending loss below 0.15 dB/m for the bending radius of 5 mm, as well as a stable effective mode area of 80 μm² whatever the designed PCF is straight or bent, which can connect well with conventional single-mode fibers (SMFs).     

光子晶体光纤在全光网中的应用

光子晶体光纤(PCF)以其独特的光学特性和灵活设计的特点,而成为近年来研究的热点.随着各种新型PCF的问世以及研究的深入,使其应用领域不断扩大.文章对PCF在全光网中的各项应用进行了分析,重点对PCF在光纤光栅和光纤激光器、放大器、光开关、波长变换器方面的研究进展进行了介绍.     

A novel high birefringence equal diameter circular-hole photonic crystal fiber

A novel equal diameter circular-hole photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with high birefringence is proposed and numerically analyzed by employing the finite-element method. The proposed PCF’s birefringence is 10-3, which can reach 2 orders higher than that of traditional high birefringence fiber, and this equal diameter circular-hole structure reduces the difficulty of the actual drawing process. The effect of different parameters on the birefringence of this PCF is investigated, and the application of the Sagnac interferometer based on fiber filling technology in temperature sensing is studied. The result shows that the high birefringence PCF can be used in both optical communication and optical sensing fields.     

光子晶体光纤及其激光器

光子晶体光纤(PCF)与普通光纤相比有着优秀的单模特性、色散特性和非线性特性。简述了光子晶体光纤的基本结构及其优点,并分析了利用光子晶体光纤制作光子晶体光纤激光器及大功率光纤激光器方面的研究进展。     

基于表面增强拉曼散射的光子晶体光纤传感器

基于表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)的光纤传感器结合了光纤与表面增强拉曼散射效应,具有普通传感器无法比拟的优点.但是,应用普通光纤将带来诸如背景干扰与吸收、光纤自身的荧光效应及拉曼散射等缺点.为解决这一问题,将光子晶体光纤与表面增强拉曼散射效应相结合,称为基于表面增强拉曼散射的光子晶体光纤(PCFs)传感器,具有高灵敏度、...