共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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挥发性有机物(Volatile Organic Compounds,VOCs)是强挥发性有机化学物质的总称,挥发性有机物在常温下,是一种逸散性排放的物质,对空气和环境的污染比较严重,对人体的健康也会产生极大的威胁。挥发性有机物主要来源石油化工产品、汽车尾气、化学溶剂、涂料油漆、废物处理等等,因此对挥发性有机物的污染受到越来越多的人重视。通过利用气相色谱对空气和室内进行测量、分析、研究。 相似文献
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线路板行业蚀刻废液处置技术千差万别,如处置方法的不当,则会引起第二次环境污染。随着环境保护越来越重视,开发PCB废水零排放、资源化、综合利用技术,是危险废物处置行业的主方向,并应用于实际,在保护环境的同时获得较好经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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针对水泥窑协同处置危废的生产特点,详细分析了水泥企业在实际运行过程中可能发生的突发性环境风险,包括危废收集、运输、贮存过程可能带来的环境风险,危废未按照正常比例投加可能带来的环境风险,废气处理设施故障带来的环境风险等,并制定必要的环境应急措施,切实提高了企业的应急处置能力,确保迅速有效地处理因水泥窑协同处置危废造成的局部或区域环境污染事件,将事故对人员、财产和环境造成的损失将至最小程度,最大限度地减少对环境的影响。 相似文献
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纳米材料在环境保护方面的最新应用进展 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
综述了近年来纳米材料在环境保护中的应用情况,重点介绍了纳米技术在大气污染、污水处理等环保方面的应用情况。在噪声污染控制,固体废弃物处理,环境监测等方面的应用情况也做了简要的介绍。 相似文献
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在化工品库区操作中,会因化工品废气排放而造成空气污染。介绍了一套针对水溶性化工品废气的二级水洗净化系统,该系统充分利用了水喷射器和填料塔的作用,可有效降低废气排放,减轻空气污染,具有设备简单、投资不多、安全高效的特点,适用于较少需要进行净化排放处理的场合。 相似文献
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生物与化学实验室常见废弃物的处理与回收 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文概述了生物及化学类实验室废弃物的特点和相应的处理原则,并从环境保护和节约资源的角度,提出了针对实验过程中产生的一系列常见废弃物的处理方法,对一些有用物质的回收方法进行了介绍。 相似文献
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化学危险品是具有爆炸、易燃、毒害、感染、腐蚀、放射性等危险特性,在运输、储存、生产、经营、使用和处置中,容易造成人身伤亡、财产损毁或环境污染而需要特别防护的物品。文章介绍了易燃固体、自燃物品及遇水放出易燃气体的物质、易燃液体、危险气体、爆炸品、毒性物质和感染性物质、氧化性物质和有机过氧化物六类化学危险品的基本特性,说明了其火灾预防措施,并概述了它们在发生灾害事故时的处置措施或灭火方法。 相似文献
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Joachim Ronneburger 《化学,工程师,技术》1978,50(5):329-332
Solidification and encapsulation of special wastes for disposal purposes . Apart from problems caused by special wastes due to their generally high content of harmful substances as well as other hazardous properties, difficulties in treatment and disposal of liquids, slurries and sludges are increased by their nonsolid state. Transformation of such special wastes into solid and largely non-reactive products could offer a possibility of avoiding the difficulties at conventional disposal facilities. Solidification processes are also of interest in as much as they might open a way to dispose of such special wastes not only at special-waste disposal facilities but also jointly with residential wastes at ordinary landfills. Recently solidification processes have been developed and are, in part, commercially applied in various countries. Utilisation or landfill disposal of the solidification products demand the definition of certain minimum requirements. Requirements with regard to water pollution prevention (e. g. leachability) are more difficult to formulate than other requirements unrelated to water protection (e. g. strength). 相似文献
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全世界化工行业每年会置换出大量的废催化剂,如处置不当,不仅污染环境,而且浪费了资源。本文对化工行业废催化剂的现状进行了初步调查分析,综述了其来源、类别及特点。基于废催化剂中有价金属的含量远远高于矿藏中所含有的相应组分的特点,建议将其作为二次资源进行利用;分析了化工废催化剂潜在的环境风险并提出了开展环境风险评价的流程,建议建立废催化剂环境风险信息数据库;概括论述了废催化剂减量化、资源化、无害化等的控制手段及存在的问题。文中提出:对于化工废催化剂的处理处置应从清洁生产的角度考虑,不局限于单纯的末端污染控制;建议开展废催化剂减量化、资源化及无害化处理的绿色新技术,达到减少污染、资源综合回收利用的目的。 相似文献
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Systematic, inter-factory disposal of waste gas and waste air streams from chemical production plants. (A contribution to environmental protection.) Increasing demands upon environmental protection and increasingly stringent legislation necessitated, at the end of the 1960's and the beginning of the 1970's, development of a new technology for the disposal of waste gas and waste air streams from production plants. The special conditions of the Dormagen works of Bayer AG led to a process resulting in the separation of the single waste air streams and their thermal combustion in central combustion plants and power stations. After a development period of several years and the extension of the plants, a standard was reached which permits the operation of even difficult production processes without problems as to waste air. 相似文献
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Incineration of waste from a chemical facility. Waste from chemical plants includes solids, liquids, gases – all of which require disposal. Solid and liquid wastes can be readily incinerated or deposited in a central plant. Gas purification is the final step of the process, performed at a limited distance from the production plant. If several substances having different properties are involved then thermal waste air purification is appropriate. This paper considers the design concepts of such a thermal waste air purification unit. 相似文献
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Hans Schlachter 《化学,工程师,技术》1980,52(12):925-932
Environmental protection, a task of chemical engineering . The environmental burden in air and water in Germany is surveyed. The terms “eco-unobjectionable technology” and “disposal technology” are then considered with the aid of examples. These are fundamental chemical engineering approaches for reducing or eliminating environmental burdens due to industrial production processes. “Ecounobjectionable processes” are those in which undesired pollutants are not even formed, i. e. when possible emissions are eliminated at source. If this is only partly possible, or impossible, then disposal measures are adopted. This means removal of unavoidable pollutants from waste gases and waste water, and the disposal of other wastes. 相似文献
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废旧电池中含有大量的金属物质,如果不妥善处理,会造成严重的环境污染和资源浪费。而将废旧电池回收之后用于制备功能材料,既能有效解决废旧电池难处置、危害大的问题,又可以减少功能材料的制备成本。文章首先概述了电池的组成及种类、废旧电池的回收意义与回收和处理现状;其次重点介绍了回收废旧电池制备功能材料的研究现状和最新进展,根据废旧电池制备功能材料所采用回收工艺的不同对废旧电池的回收利用进行了分类;最后探讨了目前回收废旧电池制备功能材料所存在的一些问题,并指出简单处理废旧电池制备功能材料将会是未来的主要发展趋势。 相似文献
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Lawrence W. Bierlein 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(2):313-315
An often unavoidable consequence of the manufacture, of valuable products is the creation of hazardous materials and hazardous
wastes. By “hazardous material’ is meant the commercial product—a commodity of value which has hazardous properties that may
be essential to its effectiveness. “Hazardous wastes’ are byproducts that usually have little or no value to the company that
generates them, but that usually result from manufacturing processes and must be managed to prevent injury to the public and
the environment. (Of course, through the establishment of waste exchanges, one company’s waste may become another company’s
feedstock, thereby eliminating or at least postponing the disposal problem.) The more stringent individual countries or regional
groups of countries become in their regulation of hazardous wastes, the greater the incentive there is in those, countries
to export wastes to nations where requirements are less rigorous. Thus, the development of a world policy on hazardous waste
appears to be worthwhile, but in considering such a policy, it is essential to learn from the mistakes others have made. 相似文献