聚丙烯阴离子接枝尼龙6的合成

首先采用固相接枝法制备丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-AA),PP-g-AA再与2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI)反应,产率为59.3%,其产物是PP-g-AA与PA 6进行阴离子聚合的助催化剂.反应时间为30min,反应温度为150℃时,PP-g-PA 6的接枝率为2.5%.并用IR、DSC、SEM表征了PP-g-PA 6的结构与形态,结果表明PA6接枝仅影响了PP的Tc而不影响其Tm.     

GMA熔融接枝SBS的研究

研究了活性单体甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯（GMA）对苯乙烯一丁二烯一苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SBS）的接枝，制备成SBS—g—GMA接枝物，用红外光谱对其进行了表征，并用化学滴定方法测定其接枝率及接枝物的凝胶含量；考察了单体GMA和引发荆DCP的用量以及停留时间对接枝率的影响。     

衣康酸接枝PE-HD增容PA6／PE-HD共混物的研究

采用反应型双螺杆挤出机和熔融接枝技术制备了一系列高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）接枝物，采用红外光谱表征了衣康酸接枝PE-HD（PE-HD-g-ITA）和衣康酸-苯乙烯共聚物接枝PE-HD[PE-HD-g-（ITA-co-St）]的结构，并研究了接枝率（GR）和熔体流动速率与单体和引发剂用量的关系；制备了PE-HD-g-ITA增容PA6／PE-HD共混物，研究了共混物的力学性能和形态结构。结果表明：引入相容剂PE-HD-g-ITA，共混体系的冲击强度较纯PA6提高近1．7倍；共混体系两相界面变得模糊，分散相尺寸减小，说明相容剂能明显改善共混物两相界面间的黏结，改善体系的分散状况，两相问的相容性得到明显提高；相容剂对共混物两相熔点（Tg）的影响不大，PA6相结晶度稍有下降，PE-HD相结晶度却明显增加。     

POE接枝衣康酸增容PA6/POE共混物性能及形态研究

以衣康酸（ITA）为接枝单体,采用双螺杆挤出机和熔融接枝技术制备了一系列乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝物（POE-g-ITA）,通过红外光谱对接枝物的结构进行了表征,研究了引发剂和单体用量对POE-g-ITA接枝率和熔体流动速率的影响,当POE/ITA/过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）=94/6/0.36时,接枝率达到1.36 %;通过双螺杆挤出机将相容剂POE-g-ITA引入到聚酰胺6/乙烯-辛烯共聚物（PA6/POE）共混物中,研究了共混物的力学性能和形态结构。结果表明,加入5份（质量份数,下同）POE-g-ITA后,PA 6/POE共混物的冲击强度提高到纯PA 6的12.78倍,PA6与POE两相界面变得模糊,分散相尺寸明显减小,界面相互作用明显增强,相容性得到显著提高。     

聚丙烯接枝物的制备及其在PP/PA6共混体系中的应用

以BPO为引发剂,通过悬浮固相接枝法,得到PP-g-（MAH/VAc）和PP-g-（MA/AA）接枝物,通过称重法和非水滴定法测得了接枝物的接枝率。红外光谱表明,单体都能接枝到PP上。SEM结果表明PP/PA6/PP接枝物共混体系中,PP-g-（MAH/VAc）的增容效果优于PP-g-（MA/AA）,这主要是因为PP-g（MAH/VAc）在PP/PA6体系中起到反应性增容的作用,而PP-g-（MA/AA）仅起到物理缠结的作用。     

聚丙烯固相接枝甲基丙烯酸丁酯改性研究

用甲基丙烯酸丁酯作单体固相接枝聚丙烯 ,考察了反应时间、反应温度、引发剂浓度、单体浓度对固相接枝接枝率的影响。并用红外光谱表征产物的结构     

聚丙烯接枝衣康酸增容PA6／PP共混物性能及形态研究

采用反应型双螺杆挤出机和熔融接枝技术制备了一系列聚丙烯（PP）接枝物，包括单一单体接枝物PP接枝衣康酸（PP-g-ITA）和双单体接枝物PP接枝ITA和苯乙烯[PP-g-（ITA-co-St）]，通过红外光谱和热分析研究了PP接枝物的结构，并研究了PP接枝物的接枝率和熔体流动速率与单体和引发剂用量的关系。通过反应挤出制备了PP接枝物增容PA6／PP共混物，研究了增容共混物的力学性能和形态结构。结果显示：加入接枝物后，共混体系的冲击强度明显提高；SEM观察表明，接枝物的加入能明显改善增容共混物的两相界面结合状况，降低共混物的分散相尺寸，改善体系的分散状况，共混物的两相界面变得模糊，相容性得到明显提高；DSC测试表明，加入接枝物后，共混物中PA6组分的结晶度下降，PP组合的结晶度上升。表明PP-g-ITA是PA6／PP共混体系有效的增容剂兼增韧剂。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯接枝丙烯酸的制备

以丙烯酸为单体,采用γ射线辐照引发技术制备了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯接枝丙烯酸(UHMWPE- g-AA);利用傅里叶变换红外光谱和差示扫描量热法表征了接枝物的结构和热性能;用化学滴定法测定了接枝物的接枝率;研究了UHMWPE-g-AA对聚酰胺(PA)1010/UHMWPE-g-AA/UHMWPE共混物力学性能的影响。实验表明：接枝物在1716cm~(-1)处有明显的羰基特征吸收峰,说明AA分子确实被接枝到UHMWPE分子链上;接枝率随单体浓度、辐照剂量及辐照时间的增加而增加;加入UHMWPE-g-AA后,UHMWPE与PA1010的相容性得到了改善,PA1010/UHMWPE-g-AA/UHMWPE共混物的缺口冲击强度是PA1010/UHMWPE共混物的1.5倍,达到72J/m。     

双单体固相接枝聚丙烯

以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂在螺带搅拌反应器中制备了苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯与马来酸酐二元固相接枝聚丙烯(PP),确定了最佳的反应时间为2．0～2．5h,最佳反应温度为90～100℃;用红外光谱表征了产物的接枝率;熔体流动速率的测定结果表明接枝物的熔体流动速率增加显著,说明PP在接枝过程中存在严重的降解．加入苯乙烯单体能起到一定的阻止降解作用。     

LDPE熔融接枝马来酸酐的粘结性能

制备了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)熔融接枝马来酸酐(MAH)黏性树脂,用红外光谱表征了接枝反应的存在,并对其接枝率及尼龙6(PA6)膜的粘结性能进行研究。结果表明:当MAH的质量分数为0.8%、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)的质量分数为0.08%时,所得共聚物的接枝率达到0.9%,凝胶含量为7.6%,对PA6膜的平均剥离强度达到54.6 N/cm。     

PP-g-GMA的制备及其改性PP/PA6合金性能

采用双螺杆熔融接枝的方法,在引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)作用下,将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和共单体苯乙烯(St)接枝到聚丙烯(PP)上。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪确定了接枝物的生成,采用酸碱滴定法测定了接枝率。探讨了GMA,St,DCP不同用量对PP接枝物的接枝率和熔体流动速率的影响,并将接枝产物PP–g–(St–co–GMA)加入PP/尼龙6(PA6)的合金中,通过注塑成型样条,测定其力学性能,并观察微观结构。结果表明,St的加入能够提高接枝率,抑制副反应的发生。在PP/PA6合金中加入接枝物PP–g–(St–co–GMA),其拉伸强度可提高46.45%,弯曲强度可提高32.47%,但对冲击强度影响不大。     

PP-g-GMA的制备及其增容PP/PA6共混物的性能

通过熔融接枝反应制备了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-GMA）,并将其作为聚丙烯/聚酰胺6（PP/PA6）共混物的相容剂,研究了PP-g-GMA对PP/PA6共混物的力学性能及形态结构的影响。结果表明,采用滴定法测得PP-g-GMA接枝率为3.35 %;当PP-g-GMA的添加量为4 %（质量分数,下同）和8 %时,PP/PA6/PP-g-GMA共混物的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别较PP/PA6共混物提高了32.4 %和60.4 %;PP-g-GMA显著改善了PP/PA6 共混物的界面相容性,是PP/PA6共混物的有效增容剂。     

Effect of Compatibilizer Type on Properties of 70:30 Polyamide 6/Polypropylene/MMT Nanocomposites

PA6/PP nanocomposites with either polyethylene octene elastomer grafted maleic anhydride (POEgMAH) or PP grafted maleic anhydride (PPgMAH) as compatibilizer were prepared using co-rotating twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding. The mechanical and microstructural properties of the composites were investigated by means of tensile, flexural, and impact testing and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the formation of nanocomposites. The result indicated that the miscibility of PA6/PP nanocomposites was improved with the addition of POEgMAH and PPgMAH. The impact strength of PA6/PP nanocomposite with POEgMAH increased about 5 times higher than uncompatibilized composite. Increment in tensile properties was observed when PPgMAH was used as compatibilizer. XRD results revealed that PA6/PP nanocomposites were successfully formed. Uniform dispersion of PP in matrix were observed through SEM, which showed the improvement of the compatibility between polymers.     

Compatibility effect of radiation‐grafting‐functionalized styrene–butadiene–styrene on polyamide 6/styrene–butadiene–styrene blends

Styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) was grafted with dibutyl maleate (DBM), methacrylic acid (MAA), or maleic anhydride (MAH) by ⁶⁰Co γ‐rays. The grafted SBS was blended with polyamide 6 (PA6). The compatibility of the PA6/SBS blends was studied with scanning electron microscopy and rheological measurements. The results showed significant improvement in the compatibility of PA6 blended with MAH‐ or MAA‐grafted SBS, with the former being more effective, whereas grafting DBM was ineffective in this respect. Mechanisms of the compatibility enhancement and ineffectiveness are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

PP固相接枝马来酸酐增容PP／PA6研究

以高速搅拌器为反应器,利用聚丙烯(PP)粉料自身摩擦生热,制备出不同接枝率的聚丙烯固相接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH);通过对熔体流动速率测定、差热分析以及偏光显微分析,研究了PP-gMAH对PP／聚酰胺6(PA6)共混体系的增容作用及其对共混体系力学性能的影响。结果表明:采用固相法制备的PP-g-MAH可以明显提高PP与 PA6的相容性,PP-g-MAH接枝率高(1．2％)增容效果好;添加固相接枝PP-g-MAH的PP／PA6共混体系的拉伸强度和冲击强度高于添加熔融接枝物的PP／PA6共混体系。     

聚丙烯熔融接枝马来酸二丁酯增容聚丙烯／尼龙6的研究

研究了聚丙烯（ＰＰ）与马来酸二丁酯（ＤＢＭ）的接枝共聚物ＰＰｇＤＢＭ对聚丙烯／尼龙６（ＰＰ／ＰＡ６）共混物的增容作用。研究表明,ＰＰｇＤＢＭ是ＰＰ／ＰＡ６共混体系的有效增容剂,由于共混过程中就地生成ＰＰｇＰＡ６,改善了共混物的相容性,增加了两相界面的粘合,使分散相粒径减小,分散更均匀,提高了共混物的力学性能。增容剂接枝率的高低对增容效果有一定影响,接枝物中残留单体不影响增容效果     

Melt rheological properties of polypropylene–polyamide6 blends compatibilized with maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene

The melt rheological properties of binary uncompatibilized polypropylene–polyamide6 (PP–PA6) blends and ternary blends compatibilized with maleic anhydride‐grafted PP (PP–PP‐g‐MAH–PA6) were studied using a capillary rheometer. The experimental shear viscosities of blends were compared with those calculated from Utracki's relation. The deviation value δ between these two series of data was obtained. In binary PP–PA6 blends, when the compatibility between PP and PA6 was poor, the deformation recovery of dispersed PA6 particles played the dominant role during the capillary flow, the experimental values were smaller than those calculated, and δ was negative. The higher the dispersed phase content, the more deformed the droplets were and the lower the apparent shear viscosity. Also, the absolute value of δ increased with the dispersed phase composition. In ternary PP–PP‐g‐MAH–PA6 systems, when the compatibility between PP and PA6 was enhanced by PP‐g‐MAH, the elongation and break‐up of the dispersed particles played the dominant role, and the experimental values were higher than calculated. It was observed that the higher the dispersion of the PA6 phase, the higher the δ values of the ternary blends and the larger the positive deviation. Unlike uncompatibilized blends, under high shear stress with higher dispersed phase content, the PP‐g‐PA6 copolymer in compatibilized blends was pulled out from the interface and formed independent micelles in the matrix, which resulted in reduced total apparent shear viscosity. The δ value decreased with increasing shear stress. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

马来酸接枝PP增容PA6/PP合金的研究

研究了马来酸接枝聚丙烯(MAC-g-PP)的熔体流动速率(MFR)、接枝率与接枝配方的关系,PA6/接枝PP/PP合金的力学性能与接枝PP的特征参数、用量,以及PA6/(PP 接枝PP)配比的关系。结果表明,合金的力学性能随接枝PP的MFR增加而提高,与接枝率无关,接枝PP用量有一最佳值,高MFR的MAC-g-PP能显著改善合金的冲击韧性。     

填充增强PA6/PP合金的性能

以衣康酸接枝PP(I-PP)作PA6/PP增容剂,将制得的PA6/I-PP/PP合金与滑石、云母、玻纤单独或组合复合,研究了复合材料的力学性能与填充量、组合填充配比的关系。     

聚甲基丙烯酸接枝炭微球

以乙炔为碳源,采用化学气相沉积法,在氩气气氛下,制备了炭微球(CMSs);并用硫酸和高锰酸钾的混合溶液对CMSs进行氧化处理,使其表面引入含氧官能团;然后用KH-570对氧化CMSs进行修饰并将甲基丙烯酸(MAA)接枝于CMSs表面,制得了接枝微粒PMAA/CMSs.用场发射扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和热重分析对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征和分析.结果表明:采用逐步接枝法成功地将MAA接枝到CMSs表面,为CMSs在聚合物基体中分散、制备功能材料提供了途径.