共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 888 毫秒
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新型催化剂制备生物柴油的动力学 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工业生产中常采用碱催化酯交换法制备生物柴油,但原料油中的游离脂肪酸和水分往往会导致产生较多的皂化物,影响生物柴油和甘油的分离,降低了生物柴油的产率。开发的新型生物柴油催化剂SXL较好地解决了上述问题。以精制菜籽油和甲醇为原料,采用液相色谱法跟踪分析生物柴油(脂肪酸甲酯)的质量分数,考察新型催化剂SXL作用下的酯交换反应动力学,并研究该酯交换反应的影响因素,得到相关动力学参数。研究结果表明:在40—60℃,反应速率随反应温度升高而增大;催化剂与菜籽油质量比为2.2%时反应速率较快,产率较高;醇油摩尔比为16∶1时,在较短时间内可达到较高产率;通过假设求证得到催化剂SXL作用下的酯交换反应整个过程是从二级反应向零级反应转变,反应的平均活化能为35.33 kJ/mol,频率因子k0为4.73×105 L/(mol.min)。 相似文献
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以精炼元宝枫油为原料、固体超强酸为催化剂,通过甲醇酯交换反应制备脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油)。采用气相色谱法测定反应体系中脂肪酸甲酯的含量。应用正交实验法找出精炼元宝枫油酯交换反应的最佳反应条件为:反应温度60℃,醇油物质的量比6∶1,催化剂用量1.0%,反应时间80 min。在此反应条件下原料油转化率可达98.14%。放大实验所得的生物柴油主要质量指标已达到国家0#柴油质量标准。 相似文献
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为了考察项目组自行开发的新型催化剂(SXL)的催化效率,以粗菜籽油为原料,SXL为催化剂,酯交换反应为基础,研究产物生物柴油的转化率和产率。结果表明:小试优化反应条件以100 g粗菜籽油为原料油、醇油比(摩尔比)7∶1、催化剂用量(质量分数)为2.5%、反应温度为60℃、反应时间为2 h下,生物柴油转化率和产率均达到98%以上。放大实验结果:在20 L反应釜中,投入6.50 kg粗菜籽油,以小试条件为基础,原料油转化率、生物柴油产率和甘油产率可达95%以上。表明SXL具有良好的发展前景。 相似文献
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高酸值油料活塞流反应器制备生物柴油试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
建立了一套200t/a的生物柴油中试系统,包括固定床反应器、活塞流反应器、蒸馏系统和自动控制系统4个部分,对菜籽油、桐油、地沟油制备生物柴油进行了试验评价.活塞流反应器的最佳工艺条件为催化剂加载量为i.2%,反应停留时间17 min,反应温度65℃,醇油摩尔比为61.以菜籽油为原料,反应后甲酯质量分数可达到96.33%;在固定床反应器中应用一种阳离子交换树脂作为酯化反应催化剂,以桐油为原料,测试的固定床最佳反应条件为反应温度65℃,醇油摩尔比61,停留时间88 min,酸值从7.0mg/g降到0.8 rag/g;同样,以酸值高达114.0mg/g的地沟油为原料,经中试系统生产的生物柴油也能完全达到中国柴油0#标准. 相似文献
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响应面法优化酶催化酯交换反应研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为了利用植物油生产可再生的绿色能源——生物柴油,文章利用Novo435固定化脂肪酶,在无有机溶剂存在下催化菜籽油与甲醇酯交换合成生物柴油。利用响应面实验设计和分析方法对菜籽油的酯交换反应条件进行优化,得到了最佳工艺条件:醇油摩尔比1.5∶1,反应温度52℃,搅拌转速200 r/min,脂肪酶与油脂的质量比为10%,反应时间10 h,在此工艺条件下油脂的酯交换率达到48%(理论为50%)。理论甲醇量分3批加入,反应36 h后菜籽油的总酯交换率达到95%(理论酯交换率为100%)。每批试验后利用有机溶剂对脂肪酶进行清洗,然后继续反应,连续使用10个批次,油脂的酯交换率基本未变。 相似文献
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将菜籽油用碱催化酯交换法反应生产生物柴油。然后用生物柴油、0号柴油和加1%甘油的生物柴油在不同的实验条件下与3种不同的橡胶测其相容性。得到生物柴油的橡胶相容性比0号柴油差;加了甘油的生物柴油其橡胶相容性变差。 相似文献
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Production of biodiesel through optimized alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of rapeseed oil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Umer Rashid 《Fuel》2008,87(3):265-273
Present work reports an optimized protocol for the production of biodiesel through alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of rapeseed oil. The reaction variables used were methanol/oil molar ratio (3:1-21:1), catalyst concentration (0.25-1.50%), temperature (35-65 °C), mixing intensity (180-600 rpm) and catalyst type. The evaluation of the transesterification process was followed by gas chromatographic analysis of the rapeseed oil fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) at different reaction times. The biodiesel with best yield and quality was produced at methanol/oil molar ratio, 6:1; potassium hydroxide catalyst concentration, 1.0%; mixing intensity, 600 rpm and reaction temperature 65 °C. The yield of the biodiesel produced under optimal condition was 95-96%. It was noted that greater or lower the concentration of KOH or methanol than the optimal values, the reaction either did not fully occur or lead to soap formation.The quality of the biodiesel produced was evaluated by the determinations of important properties such as density, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, higher heating value, acid value, flash point, pour point, cloud point, combustion point, cold filter plugging point, cetane index, ash content, sulphur content, water content, copper strip corrosion value, distillation temperature and fatty acid composition. The produced biodiesel was found to exhibit fuel properties within the limits prescribed by the latest American Standards for Testing Material (ASTM) and European EN standards. 相似文献
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制备了酸性离子液体[(CH2)4SO3HMIM][HSO4]并用于催化潲水油制备生物柴油,研究了反应时间、反应温度、醇油物质的量比和剂油物质的量比等对酯交换反应转化率的影响,确定了较适宜的反应条件。结果表明,在反应时间4 h、反应温度140 ℃、醇油物质的量比12和剂油物质的量比0.08条件下,酯交换反应转化率为92.13%。制备的生物柴油达到了中国柴油机燃料调合用生物柴油(BD100)标准GB/T20828-2007。 相似文献
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Majid Mohadesi Babak Aghel Mohammad Hassan Khademi Sasan Sahraei 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2017,34(4):1013-1020
We assessed the biodiesel production process in a continuous microchannel through preparation of a heterogeneous catalyst (CaO/MgO) from demineralized water plant sediment. This mixed oxide catalyst was used for transesterification of rapeseed oil as feedstock by methanol to produce biodiesel fuel at various conditions. A microchannel, utilized as a novel reactor, was applied to convert rapeseed oil into biodiesel in multiple steps. The effects of the process variables, such as catalyst concentration, methanol to oil volume ratio, n-hexane to oil volume ratio, and reaction temperature on the purity of biodiesel, were carefully investigated. Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to obtain the maximum purity of biodiesel response surface methodology. The optimum condition for the production of biodiesel was the following: catalyst concentration of 7.875 wt%, methanol to oil volume ratio of 1.75: 3, n-hexane to oil volume ratio of 0.575: 1, and reaction temperature of 70 °C. 相似文献
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Natesan Kapilan T. P. Ashok Babu Rana Pratap Reddy 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2010,112(2):180-187
Biodiesel derived from non‐edible Madhuca Indica oil (MIO) seems to be a better alternative to diesel oil in India. In the present work, effects of reaction variables such as mass ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature on biodiesel yield were studied. The acid value of the commercially available MIO is high, and hence a two‐step process was used to produce biodiesel from MIO. In the first step, the acid value of the MIO was reduced to less than 1 mg KOH/g, using acid‐catalyzed transesterification. In the second step, the pretreated MIO was converted to biodiesel using alkaline‐catalyzed transesterification. From the experimental results, it is observed that the optimized conditions for biodiesel production are a 1 : 4 mass ratio of methanol to oil, 55 °C reaction temperature, 120 min of reaction time, and 1% sodium hydroxide catalyst. The properties of the MIO biodiesel were found to be within the biodiesel limits of the European Union. Hence, the MIO biodiesel can be used as a substitute for diesel for the sustainable development of rural areas and as a renewable fuel. 相似文献