基于Hough变换和HSV彩色空间的电气盘柜状态识别

电气盘柜的状态由安装在盘柜上的指示灯的颜色和亮灭状态表征;文章提出了一种基于Hough变换和HSV彩色空间的电气盘柜状态智能识别方法;该方法首先对实时采集的盘柜图像进行预处理,得到二值化的边缘轮廓图像;再利用霍夫梯度法检测出二值化边缘轮廓图像中包含指示灯的圆,并通过RGB阈值筛选、连通域标记法和圆轮廓阈值筛选条件对无效圆进行剔除处理;然后根据这些圆圆心处图像的HSV特征值的V值判断指示灯的亮灭状态;最后根据圆边缘处图像的H、S、V值建立点亮状态的指示灯颜色判别模型,智能判断点亮指示灯的颜色类别(红、绿、黄);实验表明,该方法能较快速、准确地识别出处于点亮状态的指示灯及其颜色,准确度达到98%以上。     

结合域变换和轮廓检测的显著性目标检测

针对多层显著性图融合过程中产生的显著目标边缘模糊、亮暗不均匀等问题,提出一种基于域变换和轮廓检测的显著性检测方法.首先选取判别式区域特征融合方法中的3层显著性图融合得到初始显著性图;然后利用卷积神经网络计算图像显著目标外部轮廓;最后使用域变换将第1步得到的初始显著性图和第2步得到的显著目标轮廓图融合.利用显著目标轮廓图来约束初始显著性图,对多层显著性图融合产生的显著目标边缘模糊区域进行滤除,并将初始显著性图中检测缺失的区域补充完整,得到最终的显著性检测结果.在3个公开数据集上进行实验的结果表明,该方法可以得到边缘清晰、亮暗均匀的显著性图,且准确率和召回率、F-measure,ROC以及AUC等指标均优于其他8种传统显著性检测方法.     

结合水平集方法和PL主曲线分析的重叠细胞检测

提出了一种重叠细胞检测的新方法,该方法针对细胞图像处理中因细胞重叠而引起的过分割与欠分割现象这一难点,引入基于Mumford-Shah模型的水平集方法得到细胞的初始轮廓,采用EP（erosion-propagation）和PL主曲线相结合的图像分析方法得到目标的精确轮廓线。使用基于目标形状的图像配准方法和基于目标轮廓的分段特征分类器完成重叠细胞的检测。应用该方法对600张随机抽取的细胞图像中9374个细胞进行检测,实验正确率为91.83%,结果表明该方法能够有效地判断细胞是否重叠和重叠类型,为后续分割工作提供依据。     

结合水平集方法和PL主曲线分析的重叠细胞检测

提出了一种重叠细胞检测的新方法,该方法针对细胞图像处理中因细胞重叠而引起的过分割与欠分割现象这一难点,引入基于Mumford-Shah模型的水平集方法得到细胞的初始轮廓,采用EP(erosion-propagation)和PL主曲线相结合的图像分析方法得到目标的精确轮廓线.使用基于目标形状的图像配准方法和基于目标轮廓的分段特征分类器完成重叠细胞的检测.应用该方法对600张随机抽取的细胞图像中9374个细胞进行检测,实验正确率为91.83%,结果表明该方法能够有效地判断细胞是否重叠和重叠类型,为后续分割工作提供依据.     

基于轮廓特征的场景动态目标实时分类研究

针对动态场景目标的分类问题,提出一种基于轮廓特征的运动目标分类方法.通过构建多种轮廓特征相结合的特征向量模型来描述动态目标,作为分类器学习判别的基础.该方法首先通过混合高斯模型提取出视频中的动态场景目标,经图像形态学的处理,获得较为精确的动态场景目标轮廓图像,然后使用特征向量模型提取轮廓的相关特征作为分类器学习判别的依据,并得到最终分类结果.以常见的运动目标汽车、行人、自行车作为分类类别进行实验.结果表明该方法有较高的分类精度,且具有实时性好,易于实现的特点.     

基于主动轮廓模型的文本检测方法

针对复杂背景下的文本检测问题,提出了一种基于主动轮廓模型的文本检测方法.输入的图像首先经过so-bel-laplacian锐化后再由gaussian-laplacian进行过滤.预处理完成后的图片首先通过改进的主动轮廓模型得到初始轮廓,再通过算法的反复迭代扩大或缩小轮廓线得到最终轮廓,最后通过后处理尽量排除非文本块,从而得到最终文本区.区别于以往检测方法,所提方法最终不但可以框出文本行,还可以框出单个文本,有利于后续分割识别的进行.实验表明所提方法可有效检测出图像中的文本.     

基于凹点检测的卵母细胞极体识别方法

为解决卵母细胞极体不明显时无法有效识别的问题,提出一种基于凹点检测的极体识别方法.结合Otsu算法和形态学操作提取细胞轮廓;通过角点检测和圆形掩膜方法搜索轮廓上的深凹点,设计自适应确定掩膜半径方法和凹凸特征参数判别深浅凹点,筛选出卵母细胞与极体粘连形成的深凹点,确定识别结果.实验结果表明,该方法在极体不明显时识别准确率...     

一种新的基于图像主轮廓的配准算法

文中提出了一种新的图像配准方法,可以很好解决图像配准中的平移和旋转问题(刚性变换问题)。算法的实现是首先得到待配准两幅图像的轮廓特征点(本文使用SUSAN边缘检测算法);再剔除虚假的特征点(噪声点)后,根据像素间的连通性判别准则,得到图像的主轮廓;最后以两幅图像的主轮廓信息,配准图像。实验证明,算法实现速度快,精度较高。     

综合利用人脸特征和活动轮廓技术的人脸检测及跟踪算法

把基于静态图像分割的人脸检测技术同活动轮廓技术相结合，提出了一种在视频序列中检测和跟踪人脸的算法．它在Y、U、V联合梯度的基础土实施分水岭运算，并利用人脸的宽高比、颜色、结构等特征进行人脸逐级判别，从而确定人脸住置，然后用基于骨架的活动轮廓进行精确定位和帧间跟踪，从而较好地实现了视频序列中的人脸检测与跟踪问题。算法具有较强的鲁棒性，对于运动比较平缓、脸部轮廓比较清晰的情况，可以进行长时间跟踪。本算法在面向内容的可伸缩视频压缩编码系统中得到应用。     

车辆尾灯灯语的检测与识别

针对有效利用车辆灯语信息的问题,提出了一种基于图像的车辆尾灯灯语的检测识别新方法.该方法首先利用颜色、对称性特征在图像中检测出车辆尾灯对,并对车辆尾灯进行连续的跟踪.然后使用参数优化的最小二乘支持向量机(Least Squares Support Vector Machines,简称LS-SVM)对得到的车尾灯状态进行分类判别.最后结合状态历史信息,综合推断出各前方车辆当前灯语含义.以实车拍摄的白天道路视频进行实验,可以看到由识别出的灯语信息能够准确判断出前方车辆刹车、转向、灯不亮,表明该检测识别方法有效.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.