制造资源共享技术研究

为实现企业间的制造资源共享,提出了制造资源共享模型;分析了集中式、分布式和集中分布式制造资源共享体系结构,提出了以区域网络化制造平台、重点城市制造业信息化应用服务提供商平台和企业制造资源共享管理系统为主体的三级制造资源共享模式.在该共享模式中,由制造资源服务总线集成三个共享主体.在此基础上,开发了制造资源共享系统,并介绍了该系统在四川省制造业信息化工程中的应用.     

基于制造网格平台的模具制造资源共享机制研究

介绍了制造网格的基本概念,分析了中国模具制造企业制造资源利用现状以及对信息化的需求,提出了基于制造网格平台的模具制造资源共享机制.对中小模具企业里的各种与模具全生命周期有关的资源进行分类、规划和整合,以制造网格为平台构建了制造服务协同制造网络.通过对模具制造资源进行网格化封装,实现了资源的协同共享,为中国模具制造企业实现信息化和网格化制造提供了理论支撑.     

面向网络化制造的ASP平台基础架构研究

ASP模式为中小型制造企业实现网络化制造的目标提供了一种低投入低风险的实现途径,文章在对现有制造业ASP平台进行充分分析与实践的基础上,针对国内中小制造型企业实施信息化过程中所面临的资金短缺、技术力量薄弱等问题,结合上海地区的IT技术和智力资源的优势,提出了面向网络化制造的ASP平台基础架构,对其五大组成系统实现的诸多功能进行了清晰定义和描述,针对基础架构中的重点模块提出了具体的技术实现方案,并成功运用于"上海市制造业信息化公共技术服务平台"中.     

基于知识的制造业信息化IT规划系统研究

制造业信息化已成为当今制造业改革的一个必然发展方向,本文针对制造保企业信息化规划难的问题,通过对规划系统功能的分析,提出了基于知识的制造企业信息化IT规划系统解决方案,介绍了系统的功能和实现的关键技术并给出了运行实例.该系统能实现企业的远程规划,节约人量的人力、物力,加速制造业信息化进程.     

汽车冲压生产线监控管理软件开发

目前,汽车制造厂家都在不断进行信息化升级,从企业的经营管理系统到制造系统,无处不存在信息化的趋势。本文针对在汽车冲压车间的信息化项目进行了系统技术探讨和使用价值分析。冲压线监控管理系统介绍本系统主要为车间的冲压线信息化项目提供,主要目标是实现以下功能:(1)压机状态显示未开机、待生产、正常运     

基于新型网络服务体系的网络化制造环境下的信息服务研究

目前制造系统主要着重于应用层的开发,无法满足网络化制造协同与资源共享的要求.通过分析网络化制造的特点及其对信息服务的要求,提出了基于新型网络服务体系的网络化制造集成支撑平台(NNSIPIM),为网络化制造提供了全面的支持,并开发了原型系统.重点介绍了NNSIPIM中的信息服务的实现,利用JNDI集成LDAP目录服务和CORBA的命名服务实现了资源信息的统一表示--多层次命名空间系统;采用服务代理机制实现服务的注册、发现和查询,为用户提供了统一的制造资源发现入口.     

RFID技术在制造企业仓储系统中的应用

物流系统中原始数据的采集对企业信息化建设非常重要,而RFID能满足制造企业关于原始数据的需求.将RFID技术应用到制造企业物流之中,利用Visual Basic实现了仓储管理系统,加强了物资的追踪和定位.该系统通过RFID读写器实现了对电子标签的读写;采用接口函数得到系统采集到的射频数据;通过ADO技术,实现物品信息、仓库信息、操作记录的自动存储、更新和查询等功能.系统的成功研制为RFID在制造企业的应用提供了借鉴.     

集成DNC系统无线通信方式的研究

DNC系统是制造企业进行信息化制造中的重要一环,通信是DNC系统的基础.文章提出了以无线通信方式实现DNC通讯,阐述了基于无线方式实现的优点,并设计切实可行的方案,介绍了已建成的集成系统和功能.     

面向航空特种重型装备制造的企业信息化建设

航空特种重型装备吨位大、承受载荷大,且多在高温高压下工作,设计制造难,为保证装备制造的安全可靠,提高装备使用寿命,减小装备体积和重量,提高设计效率,提出了面向航空特种重型装备制造业的信息化总体规划、系统流程.并探讨了信息化实施策略及关键技术,给出了支持信息化实施的软件配置、网络环境、集成平台等实施策略.该信息化规划以建立装备知识库/数据库,实现装备数字化设计制造和数字化仿真,建立基于知识的专家设计系统和产品数据管理系统为支撑,旨在缩短新产品的研发生产周期,降低加工制造的难度和成本,提高航空重型设备设计制造水平.     

基于制造网格平台的模具制造资源共享机制研究

介绍了制造网格的基本概念，分析了中国模具制造企业制造资源利用现状以及对信息化的需求，提出了基于制造网格平台的模具制造资源共享机制。对中小模具企业里的各种与模具全生命周期有关的资源进行分类、规划和整合，以制造网格为平台构建了制造服务协同制造网络。通过对模具制造资源进行网格化封装，实现了资源的协同共享，为中国模具制造企业实现信息化和网格化制造提供了理论支撑。     

Modelling and Simulation of Integrated Operations and Information Systems in Manufacturing

This paper presents a novel method to determine the relative impact on logical interactions and interrelationships between operations and information systems within a manufacturing environment by formulating an integrated model, in which both operational function and information processing function are modelled and simulated to predict system behaviour and to obtain an optimal solution that maximises system performances. To achieve this, modelling and simulation of a flexible printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) system has been implemented. The research has shown that applying this approach is valuable for analysing a wide range of manufacturing systems (CIM, FMS, dynamic process control systems, etc.).     

协同制造系统可靠性信息化及其策略

针对协同制造系统的特点，以及对可靠性信息化的需求分析，指明了协同制造系统可靠性信息化的内涵和特征，提出了构筑基于Internet的可靠性信息集成和协同平台的实施策略，制定了可靠性信息平台建设的总体规划、体系和规范，开发了跨平台的主题数据库，使之成为协同制造系统可靠性快速决策的支持平台，以提升协同制造系统可靠性水平。     

协同制造系统可靠性信息化及其策略

针对协同制造系统的特点,以及对可靠性信息化的需求分析,指明了协同制造系统可靠性信息化的内涵和特征,提出了构筑基于Internet的可靠性信息集成和协同平台的实施策略,制定了可靠性信息平台建设的总体规划、体系和规范,开发了跨平台的主题数据库,使之成为协同制造系统可靠性快速决策的支持平台,以提升协同制造系统可靠性水平。     

Quality management of the manufacturing process in a CIM architecture

This paper presents a manufacturing system architecture based on distributed control using manufacturing network. The information system handles quality management over this architecture. Firstly, we introduce the computer integrated manufacturing concept and the information system structure preponderance ascendancy. We then present quality management activity in flexible manufacturing system, and define a quality loop-controlled architecture supported by an information system that provides manufacturing database conception and virtual manufacturing device specification for distributed control. Finally, we comment on the results of this study concerning an experimental laboratory application.     

Performance analysis of network and database transactions flow in a CIM system

A Petri net-based integrated model for the performance analysis of network and database transactions, generated by manufacturing clients for computer resources which are acting as the servers, is discussed. A Petri net-based multifaceted integrated modelling (PNBMIM) approach is described to investigate relevant system integration issues between the logical and physical access of information in the manufacturing system. The PNBMIM approach proposes an integrated conceptual framework for modelling and performance (both structural and behavioural) analysis of data and communication flow. Also, this framework will provide some answers to the impact of relative time-scales on the coupling and de-coupling of the various levels of a computer integrated manufacturing system, and identify the time-scales where integration becomes important. This work recognizes that the productivity of a group of machines is influenced by the dynamics of the computer resources. An example illustrating the application of the PNBMIM framework to two transfer lines is discussed.     

基于MES系统的智能制造切削加工系统架构设计

随着信息技术和新的制造工艺的发展,智能制造技术成为传统制造企业产业升级的关键技术。MES系统在智能制造系统中的作用是贯穿始终的,且与PLC通信采取应答机制。该文设计了智能制造切削加工系统的总体架构,并结合MES软件将数控车床、加工中心、PLC、机器人、RFID及立体仓库等信息系统进行有效结合,完成了生产过程的智能化管理,对同类企业进行智能制造技术的应用提供了可借鉴的经验。该系统可降低没有附加价值的活动对工厂营运的影响,进而改善企业制程,提高生产效益。     

Scheduling of FMSs with information delays: A simulation study

Practitioners and academicians throughout the world recognize the crucial role played by flexibility within manufacturing organizations, especially those engaged in small batch manufacture. However, although the concept of flexibility has begun to attract increased attention, its interaction with information integration and automation has not captured due attention. For example, it almost always has been assumed that a real-time control mechanism is available for exploiting routing flexibility on the shop floor. While this may be true for FMSs, it generally is not so for the vast majority of conventional manufacturing systems with varying levels of information integration and automation. The lack of a fully integrated and automated control mechanism within such semi-automated flexible manufacturing systems (SAFMSs) would eventually cause delays in the availability of shop status information. In this paper, we study the impact that defined modes of information delay have on the performance of a hypothetical SAFMS through detailed simulation experiments. Given that the level of routing flexibility is a controllable design parameter, our interest is in determining the impact that information delays have on decisions pertaining to the selection of appropriate levels of routing flexibility. To highlight the impact of information delays within the SAFMS, the Taguchi experimental design procedure is adopted as a performance evaluation and analysis vehicle, using makespan as a measure of performance. Simulation results indicate the presence of a system specific tolerance limit, operation below which minimizes performance loss.     

同位素稀释质谱法测定国际比对样品Sn-Ag-Cu系焊锡中的铅

将²⁰⁷Pb同位素稀释剂与样品混合,加入H₂O₂和HF对混合样品进行消解,采用同位素稀释质谱法对两种不同铅含量国际比对焊锡样品中的铅进行了测定。使用常规硝酸和盐酸消解Sn-Ag-Cu系焊锡时易生成氯化银和β-锡酸不溶物的H₂O₂-HF体系避免了此类问题,并加快了样品消解速度。研究了样品基体对²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁷Pb比值测定及最终结果的影响,在保证精密度的情况下,通过逐级稀释的方式可降低测定过程中大量锡基体的干扰。建立了Sn-Ag-Cu系焊锡中高、低含量铅的准确测定方法,并对测定结果的不确定度进行了评定。CCQM-P119和CCQM-K88“无铅焊锡”中铅的国际比对结果表明,同位素稀释质谱法与传统方法相比,准确度高、不确定度小,测定结果获得了很好的等效度,从而进一步验证了方法的准确性和可靠性。该方法同样适用于焊锡基体标准物质的定值。     

Information system architecture for heterarchial control of large FMSs

In this paper we investigate the design of a distributed information management system for heterarchical (decentralized) shopfloor control in large Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS). We characterize the complexity of information management in automated manufacturing, and study the interaction between the shopfloor control system and the information management system. We describe protocols for a heterarchical control scheme, and identify the information content of messages that are transmitted between autonomous manufacturing system entities under this control paradigm. On the basis of the proposed shopfloor control protocols and the information requirements at each type of manufacturing system entity, we develop an information system architecture that is capable of supporting heterarchical shopfloor control in large FMSs.     

Complexity of cellular manufacturing systems based on entropy models

Even structurally simple manufacturing systems can be operationally complex. This operational complexity can be colloquially defined as the uncertainty associated with managing the dynamic variations, in time or quantity, across information and material flows at the manufacturing systems interface. This paper proposes a means of measuring the information demands placed on cellular manufacturing systems, as a result of this uncertainty. A utility function for complexity is proposed according to the relationships between the complexity and utility in a manufacturing system and the underlying trend that the system becomes more and more complex in an everchanging environment is analyzed. This paper mathematically models the static entropy and the dynamic entropy of cellular manufacturing systems from an information-theoretic perspective. A unique feature of this measure is that it captures, in relative terms, the expected amount of information required to describe the state of the system. The measure provides flexibility in the scope and detail of analysis. Finally, an example is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed methodology.