5000t／a MBS装置开工建设

由北建公司承建的5000t／a MBS装置于今年4月在吉化公司中部生产基地开工建设。这套装置采用吉化集团公司采用自行开发拥有自主知识产权的技术，预计各项技术经济指标可达到国际先进水平。MBS是甲基丙烯酸甲酯—丁二烯—苯乙烯共聚物，是PVC树脂的抗冲改性剂，具有良好的抗冲击强度、透明性和耐候性。     

增塑聚氯乙烯的改性研究

采用物理共混的方法,用粉末丁腈橡胶(PNBR)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯-一氧化碳三元共聚物(Elvaloy 741)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(MBS)3种改性剂改性增塑聚氯乙烯(PVC),通过对透光性能、力学性能、硬度和微观结构等性能测试,研究了3种改性剂对增塑PVC性能的影响。结果表明,MBS和Elvaloy741对增塑PVC的透明性影响较小,PNBR的加入导致增塑PVC不透明,呈乳白色;随着改性剂的加入,共混物的拉伸强度降低,断裂伸长率升高,低温冲击强度增大,脆性温度降低。     

PVC/耐热改性剂共混体系的力学及耐热性能研究

以具有核壳结构的纳米级交联粒子为耐热改性剂,系统研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂/粒子耐热改性剂/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)树脂三元共混体系的力学性能、维卡耐热性能及流变行为,探讨了刚性粒子和橡胶粒子在PVC树脂增韧和耐热改性过程中的相互作用及关键影响因素。结果表明:具有核壳结构的纳米离子型耐热改性剂可以显著提高PVC树脂的维卡软化温度,加入MBS树脂可提高共混物冲击强度。研究发现,PVC中加入8份MBS和15份耐热改性剂,可制得耐热、抗冲兼备的PVC共混新材料。     

MBS树脂核壳结构的改善对其性能的影响

通过改进甲基丙烯酸酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯（MBS）共聚物的核壳结构,制备了新型MBS树脂,提高了MBS/聚氯乙烯（PVC）共混物的抗冲击性能、耐老化性能及加工塑化性能。     

3-巯基丁酸酯对MBS树脂相相对分子质量及PVC/MBS力学性能的影响

通过添加3-巯基丁酸酯合成了一系列树脂相相对分子质量变化的甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(MBS树脂)。并将其与聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂进行熔融共混,测试了PVC/MBS合金的力学性能。结果表明,链转移剂3-巯基丁酸酯用量越多,MBS树脂相的相对分子质量越低,PVC/MBS合金的熔体流动速率越高、加工流动性越好、冲击强度越低,但对拉伸强度影响不大。这对开发系列MBS树脂具有重要指导意义。     

给水管用PVC的改性研究

采用活性碳酸钙和甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元接枝共聚物(MBS)对PVC进行改性,研究了二者对改性PVC抗冲击性能的影响.结果表明,活性碳酸钙和MBS的加入,改性PVC的抗冲击性能可提高17.3％,改性PVC管在低温下的抗冲击性能得到明显提高.     

新型PVC抗冲改性剂AMB

采用丁二烯胶乳制备了橡胶核质量分数为80%的聚氯乙烯(PVC)抗冲改性剂(甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丁二烯/丙烯酸丁酯)三元共聚物(AMB)树脂.并与传统(甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)三元共聚物(MBS)在改性PVC方面进行对比.结果表明,增加核中丁二烯的含量、适当降低交联剂的用量可使PVC/AMB的玻璃化转变温度降低.AMB增韧PVC的转矩流变性能与MBS加工性能基本相近;添加5～12份的AMB对PVC冲击性能的改善最为明显.采用喷雾干燥工艺能够得到流动性更好的规则圆球状AMB颗粒.     

几种相容剂对PVC/ABS合金注塑料性能影响

研究了氯化聚乙烯(CPE)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)和丁腈橡胶(NBR)4种相容剂对聚氯乙烯/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(PVC/ABS)合金注塑料性能的影响。研究结果表明,4种相容剂均会降低PVC/ABS合金注塑料的弯曲性能和阻燃性;CPE和EVA综合性能较好,有利于注塑料的加工和使用;MBS和NBR对合金注塑料流动性的不利影响较大,不适用于PVC/ABS合金注塑料。     

QIM系列MBS树脂的性能特性及应用

介绍QIM系列MBS树脂的主要性能和应用。按市场需求，QIM系列分为通用型、透明高抗冲型和高抗冲型等，在PVC中加入5－8份MBS，可明显提高冲击强度，QIM系列中01、03系列中01、03和05MBS树脂具有高透明性，在PVC中添加10份以下 ，对制品透明性无影响。     

2万t／a MBS装置在威海金泓建成

威海金泓化工有限公司是目前中国产能最大、装置最先进的MBS生产企业。该公司于2004年年底建成国内最大的MBS生产装置，全部采用DCS自动化控制。其产品各项技术指标可达到国际先进水平。MBS是甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物，是具有良好的冲击强度和透明性的PVC冲击改性剂。同时，该装置还可生产抗冲型ACR。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.