共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
醋酸氯化液加氢脱氯制备氯乙酸反应中,Pd/C催化剂活性和稳定性决定生产成本。对浸渍还原法制备的钯负载质量分数0.8%的Pd/C催化剂进行评价实验。结果表明,在无氯化氢条件下,催化剂活性和稳定性较好;在含氯化氢条件下,催化剂活性和稳定性下降。采用SEM、XRD、原子吸收、BET和DTA等手段对使用前后的催化剂进行表征。结果表明,氯化氢加速Pd晶粒烧结长大和活性组分金属Pd流失是催化剂失活的主要原因。在催化剂使用过程中,表面积炭物的形成也导致催化剂失活。 相似文献
3.
4.
Pd/Al2O3催化剂用于连续重整汽油全馏分加氢的失活分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究了负载在氧化铝载体上的贵金属Pd基催化剂在重整生成油选择性加氢脱烯烃反应中的性能。结果表明,在连续重整生成油全馏分的选择性加氢实验中,采用现有工业常用的工艺条件,单使用Pd作活性组分的Pd/Al2O3催化剂不能满足产品质量要求。探讨了切割馏分油加氢反应中催化剂失活原因,并对失活前后的催化剂采用XRD、SEM和FTIR等手段进行分析表征。结果表明,造成催化剂失活原因是催化剂表面油品中重组分等热敏类物质强吸附或聚合作用的结果。改进后的双金属Pd基催化剂UDO-01可用于重整生成油全馏分的选择性加氢脱烯烃反应,加氢后产品的溴价小于200 mg Br·(100 g-油)-1,芳烃损失小于0.5%,且表现出好的稳定性。 相似文献
5.
6.
采用浸渍法制备Pt/C和Pt-MoS2/C催化剂,用于催化硝基苯加氢反应。采用BET、压汞仪等测试方法测定新鲜催化剂和重复使用后的催化剂的比表面积和孔容。结果表明,比表面积下降27.3%,微孔孔容下降13.2%,总孔容下降5.8%。催化剂失活的主要原因为有机物覆盖在催化剂表面,造成表面积下降和孔堵塞。负载MoS2可使Pt/C催化剂延缓比表面积下降和孔堵塞,寿命显著提高,可循环使用14次左右。 相似文献
7.
硝基苯催化加氢Pt-MoS_2/C催化剂的制备及使用寿命的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用浸渍法制备Pt/C和Pt-MoS2/C催化剂,用于催化硝基苯加氢反应。采用BET、压汞仪等测试方法测定新鲜催化剂和重复使用后的催化剂的比表面积和孔容。结果表明,比表面积下降27.3%,微孔孔容下降13.2%,总孔容下降5.8%。催化剂失活的主要原因为有机物覆盖在催化剂表面,造成表面积下降和孔堵塞。负载MoS2可使Pt/C催化剂延缓比表面积下降和孔堵塞,寿命显著提高,可循环使用14次左右。 相似文献
8.
利用X射线能谱仪及原子吸收研究了对苯二甲酸加氢精制过程中失活的钯炭催化剂的失活原因,结果表明,原料中的含硫化合物,以二甲苯氧化工段的催化剂四溴乙铵,设备腐蚀和溶剂水中的离子均会沉积在钯炭催化剂的表面,引起催化剂加氢活性的下降,利用EDS分析把炭催化剂及断面的元素沉积是分析催化剂失活原因的有效方法。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
Samples of CoMo/Al2O3 catalysts used in an H-coal process demonstration run were studied to determine causes of catalyst deactivation. Physical and surface properties of the aged and regenerated catalysts were examined. Model compounds were used to assess four catalyst activity functions, viz., hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrogenation, cracking and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). Other tests were performed to study the effects of coke and metals separately on the four catalyst activity functions.Catalyst coke content and metals deposits first increased rapidly, then more gradually with exposure time in the process run. Surface area and pure volume markedly decreased with exposure time. Catalyst activities of aged catalysts showed a rapid decline with exposure time. One-day exposure to coal resulted in significant losses in HDS and hydrogenation activities and nearly complete loss in cracking and HDO activities. Although metal deposits caused some permanent catalyst deactivation, coke had a much greater effect. Regenerated catalysts showed less recovery of catalytic activity as processing time increased. These results agreed well with product inspections from the process run.Oxygen chemisorption on aged—regenerated catalysts decreased with catalyst exposure time, indicating a significant loss of active sites. However, ESCA results showed no evidence of extensive sintering of the active MoS2 phase. Permanent deactivation of the longer-time exposed catalysts can be ascribed, at least partly, to lateral growth of the active molybdenum sulfide phase. In addition, some loss in cobalt promotion occurred early in the process, which may account for the rapid loss in HDS and HDO activity in regenerated catalysts. 相似文献
13.
14.
目前工业上生产1,3-丙二醇的方法存在一定局限性,为了开发出避免醛类副产物生成的1,3-丙二醇合成工艺,在高压连续固定床反应器上,以丙二酸二乙酯为原料,使用Cu/HMS催化剂催化加氢制备1,3-丙二醇。考察了原料液浓度、氢酯摩尔比、液时空速、反应温度、反应压力对反应的影响,之后进一步考察了催化剂的稳定性,并通过XRD及TEM表征分析了催化剂失活的主要原因。结果表明:在原料液质量分数7.5%、氢酯摩尔比400、液时空速1.8h-1、反应温度200℃、反应压力1.8MPa的工艺条件下,催化剂表现出了较佳的催化加氢性能,丙二酸二乙酯转化率为93.4%,1,3-丙二醇收率可达到52.8%。反应120h后催化剂完全失活,结合XRD及TEM表征,认为粒径增大、活性组分流失或被部分氧化为Cu+是催化剂失活的主要原因。 相似文献
15.
苯酚丙酮装置副产的α-甲基苯乙烯影响装置物耗,通常采用加氢将其转化为异丙苯作为原料循环使用,可提高装置运行效率、降低单耗,提高技术经济指标。α-甲基苯乙烯具有高度聚合性,易形成低聚物,同时含水、苯酚、碱性物等杂质,从而导致加氢催化剂失活。针对某工业装置运行中α-甲基苯乙烯加氢催化剂出现的失活现象进行剖析,并根据分析结果进行再生试验。结果表明,加氢催化剂失活原因主要是由于钠、铁杂质沉积以及苯酚、苯乙酮的聚合物覆盖所致。基于失活原因,重点比较了不同再生方案对加氢催化剂性能的影响,结果发现,水洗可以去除钠杂质,热异丙苯清洗或焙烧加氢催化剂可以除去表面的聚合物,使加氢催化剂性能完全恢复,产物中α-甲基苯乙烯残余量约500×10-6,通过再生试验为工业α-甲基苯乙烯加氢催化剂的长周期稳定运行提供技术支撑。 相似文献
16.
Liquid‐phase hydrogenation using a Pd/Al2O3 catalyst provides a potential technique for the reduction of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) to α‐cumyl alcohol (CA). In this paper, CHP hydrogenation was carried out in a cocurrent downflow trickle‐bed reactor over a wide range of reaction conditions to study the reaction and deactivation kinetics. The proposed intrinsic rate expression for CHP hydrogenation is based on an Eley‐Rideal mechanism that accounts for an irreversible surface reaction between the absorbed CHP with nonabsorbed hydrogen molecules. During CHP hydrogenation, an exponential decay in activity of the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst and the presence of residual activity were observed. A kinetic deactivation model with residual activity was developed. Based on reaction and deactivation kinetics, catalyst deactivation was attributed to oxidation of the catalyst surface by CHP. The presence of residual activity was due to the partial reduction of oxidized catalyst surface by hydrogen. 相似文献