A strategy for integrating product conceptualization and bid preparation

Collaboration with other members of the supply chain is one means by which small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) can compete in today’s global business environment. Thus, early stages of the new product development process involve both technical activities, e.g., product platform definition, and commercial activities, e.g., bidding for contracts. This paper introduces an integrated collaborative bidding and design system (CBDS) to help SMEs coordinate the two aspects. General sorting was employed for initial requirements acquisition and platform definition; while a self-organizing map (SOM) neural network was combined with a concurrent cost-schedule estimation strategy for refinement of design options and bid evaluation/preparation. A case study on cellular phone design was then applied for illustrating the proposed prototype system.     

Cloud manufacturing service platform for small- and medium-sized enterprises

In order to address the key problems faced by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), existing solutions and shortcomings were analyzed. The possibilities by using the new emerged technologies and theories (e.g., cloud computing, internet of things, service-oriented technology) to solve the bottlenecks faced by SMEs are investigated. The idea of manufacturing resource and capability sharing based on cloud computing for SME is discussed, and an SME-oriented cloud manufacturing service platform (SME-CMfgSP) is introduced. The architecture of SME-CMfgSP is proposed, and the key technologies for implementing SME-CMfgSP are introduced in details. The challenges for implementing cloud manufacturing service platform for SMEs were discussed. A case study is described to illustrate the application of the proposed SME-CMfgSP.     

Entities’ representation modes and their communication effects in collaborative design for SMEs

In distributed product development, Web-enabled collaborative design system with virtual reality (VR) function is good for representing the design features of 3D product entities in design communication. However, it is too expensive and complicated for most small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to implement it. This paper explains that the series of still images, which also present the same efficiency in representing the design features of 3D product entities, can be easily produced at low cost and require less Internet bandwidth. In order to certify the weaknesses of the remote collaborative design system (RCDS) for the SMEs, this research started with a preliminary study to identify the unsatisfied problems associated with the mutual understanding between multi-disciplinary product development team members when using RCDS. Further investigation was presented as the perception/recognition ability experiment, which was conducted to use three types of 3D product entities representation, namely the group of still images, image-based VR and model-based VR, to certify the efficient product data visualization for remote design communication. This research concludes that the proposed representation mode and results of the research would be helpful for SMEs, which are relatively resource-restrictive, to handle the issues of remote design communication well.     

面向产品快速开发的RP&M网络化服务集成系统

为了提升广大中小企业的新产品快速开发能力和速度,研究和开发了RP&M网络化服务集成系统。针对该系统,提出了一种全新的RP&M网络化服务集成系统的框架;阐述了它的工作流程和功能模块的详细设计;深入论述了系统关键技术的实现。通过对该系统中的技术信息平台、电子商务平台、制造服务平台的紧密集成,在远程用户、服务中心和协同制造企业建立一个协同生产制造的环境,实现制造资源的共享和技术资源的优势互补。众多的应用案例表明,该系统对加快中小企业的新产品快速开发具有很高的潜能。该系统的实现体现了当前企业策略和制造组织结构的基本转变。     

面向工程机械控制系统开发的信息集成管理平台研究

为满足企业在产品的设计、生产、销售和服务等活动中涉及到产品信息管理、数据集成和共享需求,建立了一种基于工作流和产品结构树的平台系统.通过工作流实现对产品项目全过程的规范化管理,建立了产品数据树以实现对数据的分层管理和检索,通过中间文件转换实现系统的集成.该平台系统能够实现产品在生命全周期内信息的集成和快速流通共享.     

Key technologies for ASP-based product customization service system for SMEs: a case study

Current product customization systems seldom consider the whole process of product customization, nor provide integrated application services for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In this paper, an ASP-based product customization service system with integrated application services is proposed for SMEs. A lifecycle-oriented customization service mode is presented to smoothly drive the whole process of product customization. For supporting product customization effectively and efficiently, key technologies on distributed product resource sharing, distributed product data reorganization, and product configuration are deeply studied. A dynamic resource publishing method and a general resource evaluation model with reward measures to promote resource sharing are given. A method of XML-based data mapping for product structure tree reorganization is proposed. A parameter gray correlation degree algorithm is established for quick product configuration. To greatly meet customers’ individual requirements, an interactive virtual product configuration platform is designed. Finally, product customization service system orienting to construction machinery is developed and validates the above studies.     

ASP网络化制造协同设计安全研究

中小企业在我国经济发展中占据重要位置。在全球化经济背景下，根据中小企业现状，政府提出建立不同行业的ASP平台，以促进中小企业的信息化。本文针对面向中小企业ASP网络化制造平台的协同设计安全问题，提出一套完整的安全保护策略。首先对不同ASP客户进行不同策略的身份认证，采用了动态口令与专牌相结合的方式确保客户的合法性；其次在机械产品协同设计过程中，采取盟主统筹、盟主负责的总体方案，同时对设计过程进行基于角色的访问控制；最后创造性的对设计数据进行数字签名保护，使知识产权不受侵犯。     

制造联盟加盟支持系统的研究

提出基于Internet/Intranet的招投标制造伙伴选择方式，分析投标加盟决策内容和过程以及制造联盟加盟支持系统的功能需求，介绍制造联盟加盟支持系统的体系结构。简要论述系统中涉及的效益／风险评估、产品信息建模、制造资源能力评估、竞标工艺设计、成本估算与报价等关键技术。     

Web-service-based parametric design reuse for parts

Design reuse of parts plays an important role in product design. In this study, we present a parametric design reuse framework for parts design based on web service. The proposed framework borrowed the ideas from component model of software reuse, such as reuse service, separation of interface, and realizing procedure. The reuse framework for parts can be divided into three layers: the design interface layer, the design service layer, and the design result layer. Firstly, we built parametric templates for parts design using software integrated technology (e.g., iSIGHT). The parametric, automatic, and integrated design for parts can be accomplished through the templates. Then, we deployed parametric templates for parts design using web encapsulation technology (e.g., EASA). Finally, we developed a design reuse prototype system using heat pipe exchanger design reuse for demonstration based on the proposed framework.     

Optimization of shape rolling sequences by integrated artificial intelligent techniques

The present work introduces an expert system that automatically selects and designs rolling sequences for the production of square and round wires. The design strategy is aimed at reducing the overall number of passes assuming a series of process constraints, e.g., available roll cage power and torque, rolls groove filling behaviors, etc. The method is carried out into two steps: first a genetic algorithm is used to select the proper rolling sequence allowing to achieve a desired finished product; then, an optimization roll pass design tool is utilized for proper design of roll passes. Indeed, an artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized to predict the main geometrical characteristics of the rolled semi-finished product and technological requirements. The ANN was trained with a non-linear finite element (FE) model. The proposed methodology was applied to some industrial cases to show the validity of the proposed approach in terms of reduction of number of passes and search robustness.     

基于J2EE的成套电器企业集成平台框架与应用系统的研究

将成套电器企业模型与J2EE构架相结合,提出了基于J2EE的成套电器企业集成平台的体系结构和层次模型。平台提供统一的全局共享主题数据模型和以项目管理为中心的企业运营工作流程,实现了营销、生产计划、设计、工艺、物流采购、质量检验、仓库、制造和财务等企业职能部门信息和过程的有效集成。在集成平台的基础上,构建了基于Web和组件技术的成套电器企业产品数据管理和企业资源计划业务系统域,并着重研究了这两个业务系统域的应用组件实现的关键技术。作为应用示范,完成了一家成套电器工厂企业信息化系统的实施,使企业的设计能力、交货期、质量、成本和服务水平等综合指标大为提高。     

基于ASP平台的动态联盟组建系统设计

ASP模式网络化制造平台为广大中小制造企业提供多种应用系统的在线服务。为满足企业通过ASP平台组建动态联盟的要求,降低合作伙伴选择过程的复杂性,在面向机械行业ASP网络化制造平台的基础上,提出了基于ASP模式的动态联盟组建系统,设计了不同类型的评价指标库,并集成了多种优化算法。企业盟主可以根据不同的需求自由选择相应模块组建不同类型的动态联盟,避免以往单一优化选择方法所带来的偏颇性。同时．还设计了备选合作伙伴子系统,保证了联盟企业在个别企业退出的情况下迅速找到替补伙伴。给出的实例证明了该系统的有效性和快速性。     

基于复杂网络与公理设计的产品平台设计方法

在深入分析产品平台定义及特点的基础上,结合复杂网络理论和公理设计中的信息公理,提出一种基于结构的产品平台设计方法。通过计算产品族零部件网络的节点总介数与平均介数确定节点在产品族和产品实例中的重要性,同时结合产品功能分析的结果提炼出平台关键节点。通过计算其他节点与关键节点的关联度,确定平台内的其他重要节点,并采用信息公理评价备选平台的性能,实现循环的设计过程。复杂网络与公理设计的结合使平台设计过程与结果更直观、更科学。以轮式装载机的产品平台设计为例证明了该方法良好的系统性与可操作性。     

PDM环境下基于SolidWorks的变型设计及自动装配系统

在大批量定制环境下，基于PDM平台开发支持产品快速组合设计的变型设计系统，可明显地提高企业设计资源的重用，从而缩短订单产品的设计时间；在综述了系统平台的体系结构和运行流程后，概述了运行平台各子系统的主要功能；在此基础上详细阐述了SolidWorks系统与运行平台的集成、设计与工艺信息的集成、零部件的变型设计和产品模型图的自动装配技术。实践证明，在PDM框架下，通过三维CAD系统的API所开发的设计系统可明显地提高企业设计资源的重用，并缩短订单产品的设计时间。     

按单设计型复杂产品多层次配置设计方法研究

在分析按单装配型配置系统不足的基础上,提出一种按单设计型复杂产品多层次配置的设计方法.根据客户需求,基于预定义的产品族平台,针对按单设计型产品不同类型模块特点,应用不同层次的配置规则进行模块的多层次配置,并对配置结果进行校验,得到满足用户需求的产品设计方案,作为订单产品设计的基础.     

A multiagent supply chain planning and coordination architecture

A supply chain is a worldwide network of suppliers, manufactures, warehouses, distribution centers and retailers through which raw materials are acquired, transformed and delivered to customers. In recent years, a new system approach for managing the supply chain at the tactical and operational levels has emerged. It views a supply chain as composed of a set of intelligent (software) agents, who are responsible for one or more activities and interacting with other related agents in planning and executing their responsibilities. This paper presents a multiagent architecture of supply chain integration. Agents coordination using extended contract net protocol is discussed. Two types of bidding approaches, i.e., the customizing-type and webbing-type are introduced into the multiagent supply chain system. Finally, a heuristics and two programming models for the planning and coordination of demand-driven supply chains are suggested.     

资源受限的复杂产品并行开发过程集成

针对复杂产品并行开发过程存在资源约束及信息耦合性强等特点,提出了资源受限的开发过程集成模型。根据开发过程功能需求构建了过程管理系统体系结构,研究了功能模块映射模型、功能模块集成模型、过程信息集成模型、事件逻辑推理模型以及基于资源推拉技术的资源冲突消解模型。基于复杂产品并行开发过程集成环境研究了产品开发过程规划的运行方式,通过活塞连杆组改进设计实例验证了资源受限的复杂产品并行开发过程集成技术的有效性。     

A web service-based multi-disciplinary collaborative simulation platform for complicated product development

In a ubiquitous computing environment, computer-aided engineering (CAE) software packages can be encapsulated as a service and be accessible through networks, which is essential to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) for complex product design with limited computing resources. In this paper, a web service-based platform for the multi-disciplinary collaborative simulation (MDCSS) is proposed, which is a software-sharing environment. In MDCSS, although the CAE software packages reside in their remote application program servers, they are registered in the service center to be accessible according to the computing requests. Given the increasing CAE services with the same function, a quality of service (QoS)-aware scheduling method with real-time and countable parameters is proposed to adaptively select the most efficient web service among alternatives. Through an additional layer and an application broker for service scheduling, MDCSS allows allocating services automatically, keeping load balance, and minimizing human intervention. This platform is reusable, scalable, and efficient for implementation, which enables the end user to invoke the remote CAE software ubiquitously in a “pay-as-you-use” fashion.     

岸边集装箱起重机金属结构数字化设计技术

研究了岸边集装箱起重机参数化设计和模块化设计的方法,采用产品参数化设计、主要部件自动装配、专家设计系统及识别记忆、多系统设计平台数据自动调用与共享、以及智能化模块集成与扩展等技术,开发了岸边集装箱起重机系列产品金属结构模块式参数化设计系统,采用完全程序化参数建模的方法,将参数化设计思想扩展到工程图,实现了工程图的自动调整,改变了传统的2D设计手段,大幅度提高了岸边集装箱起重机金属结构的设计效率与质量,缩短了新产品的开发周期,具备了快速响应个性化的市场要求的能力。