RD涂料印花浆消泡剂的研制

本文通过对乳化剂不同组合的研究,研制开发RD系列涂料印花浆消泡剂。该消泡剂不但具有优异的消泡抑泡效果,而且与印花浆料有良好的配伍性。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯涂料印花胶粘剂的研制

采用低含氢聚甲基硅氧烷与丙烯酸酯类单体通过种子乳液聚合法制备了有机硅改性丙烯酸酯涂料印花胶粘剂,讨论了低含氢聚甲基硅氧烷用量对乳胶性能的影响,结果表明,加入适量的低含氢聚甲基硅氧烷,可制得性能稳定的乳胶粘剂,制得的胶粘剂在涂料印花应用中其各项指标都优于纯丙烯酸酯乳液胶粘剂。     

第六章 涂料用消泡剂

在乳胶漆出现以前,溶剂型涂料无专用的消泡剂。乳胶漆问世以来,由于乳胶漆配方中乳化剂、分散剂和增稠剂等助剂的存在,不仅产生大量泡沫,而且还能稳定泡沫,致使乳胶漆出现了严重的泡沫问题。要求乳胶漆用消泡剂既消除泡沫,又不造成涂层弊病,如缩孔、缩边、针孔等,因此需要研制乳胶漆专用消泡剂。     

环保型水性涂料消泡剂的研制

成功制备了适用于水性涂料的消泡剂,并与国外产品进行了对比。结果表明：该产品活性组分消泡效率更高,具有较高的使用和推广价值。     

环氧改性水性聚氨酯涂料印花粘合剂的研制

用环氧树脂改性水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液来提高胶膜的耐水性、耐溶剂性、耐化学品性以及力学性能。讨论了环氧树脂的加入量和加入方式对乳液性能的影响。确定了水性聚氨酯乳液的制备工艺条件:nNCO/nOH=2:1,预聚温度65～70℃,反应2h;使用3.71%～4.63%的DMPA进行亲水改性,且DMPA要用N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮溶解后加入;扩链时间2h;乳化温度<5℃。得到了共聚法制得的环氧树脂改性WPU性能较优、且环氧树脂加入量6%为宜的结论。     

PL涂料印花粘合剂的研制

ＰＬ涂料印花粘合剂用于织物涂料印花，是纺织助剂之一。采用滴加引发剂、分段控制聚合温度、乳液聚合而成。工艺简单，操作方便，转化率高。经大连第二印染厂上机使用，性能达到国内同类产品水平，印染织品达到国家标准。主要阐述了单体、乳化剂的选用以及引发剂、聚合条件对反应性能的影响。     

50 m3 PVC糊树脂反应釜的设计与开发

介绍了50 m3PVC糊树脂反应釜的技术特性、结构特点、制造、调试及开发应用情况。     

种子釜R105用于糊树脂生产的研究

上海氯碱化工股份有限公司为减少2万t／aPVC糊树脂装置中的种子釜R105的待用时间,通过分析R105聚合釜的结构、搅拌形式、管线布置等,对其进行了技术改造,配备了相应的管线,编制了相关程序,使其适用于糊树脂的生产,并通过实际生产试验,不断地调整工艺条件及工艺配方,生产出了合格的糊树脂产品,改造费用仅为28万元,而创造的效益却高达百万元。     

废铅酸蓄电池铅膏脱硫工艺的研究进展

火法再生熔炼的高能耗、高金属挥发损失、高污染排放等缺点,使得人们对废铅酸蓄电池铅膏脱硫转化工艺愈加重视。介绍了几种常用的测定废铅酸蓄电池铅膏中硫含量的方法,重点阐述了其基本原理,详细综述了近年来国内外有关铅膏脱硫工艺的研究进展,并对铅膏脱硫工艺进行了展望。     

Preparation of decolorizing ceramsites for printing and dyeing wastewater with acid and base treated clay

A new type of decolorizing ceramsites for printing and dyeing wastewater were prepared, by means of acid activation, base neutralization, granulation and heating treatment, by using palygorskite, Hangjin2# clay, bentonite or sepiolite as raw materials. The experimental results show that, the decolorizing ceramsites made of palygorskite have the best performances among different clay minerals in treating printing and dyeing wastewater. Its decolorizing amount is 635 mL g^− 1 and the reduction in COD is 81%, after 5 min static treatment at normal temperature. After calcined at 700 °C for 1 h, the loss ratio of decolorizing ceramsites made of palygorskite is less than 5%. Treated with saturated (NH₄)₂SO₄ solution for 10 min, and then calcined at 300 °C for 10 min, the used decolorizing ceramsites can be reused for more than 15 times. The decolorizing effect of the decolorizing ceramsites is mainly attributed to the combined chemical flocculation reaction of various metal ions in the material, with minor physical adsorption involved.     

Water consumption of the early-age paste and the determination of “time-zero” of self-desiccation shrinkage

Self-desiccation shrinkage (SDS) is closely related to the interior water consumption and the relative humidity (IRH) drop in the cement paste. Substantial self-desiccation shrinkage has been observed at very early-age for high performance concrete. However, it is difficult to investigate the IRH by conventional method of hygrometer at this time because the materials are still in the superhygroscopic range. In this paper, an automatically measuring system of meniscus depression is developed on the base of the mechanism of tensiometer and Laplace formula. The interior water consumption and the IRH changing within the paste could be automatically monitored at the very early-age (here specially refers to the stage from the beginning of casting till several hours after final setting). By using this system, the effects of water to binder ratio and replacement of cement by fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag on the self-desiccation were investigated for the very early-age cement paste. Experimental results could potentially explain the mechanism of the SDS at very early-age as well as determine the “time-zero” of SDS corresponding to its definition.     

Experimental study on mix proportion and fresh properties of fly ash based geopolymer for 3D concrete printing

This paper presents the material design and fresh properties of geopolymer mortar developed for 3D concrete printing application. Unlike traditional casting, in 3D printing, extruded materials are deposited layer-by-layer to build complex architectural and structural components without the need of any formwork and human intervention. Extrudability, shape retention, buildability and thixotropic open time (TOT) are identified as critical early-age properties to characterize the 3D printable geopolymer material. Five different mix designs of geopolymer are tested in a systematic experimental approach to obtain a best printable mix and later it is used to print a 60-centimeter-tall freeform structure using a concrete gantry printer to validate the formulation.     

聚氯乙烯糊树脂聚合釜增加单位体积产能的试验

分析了聚氯乙烯糊树脂聚合釜单位体积产能较小的原因,扩能试验表明:增大搅拌器直径后,48 m3聚氯乙烯糊树脂聚合釜可增加单位体积产能50%,该试验结果也可用于把307、0 m3悬浮法聚氯乙烯聚合釜改造为乳液法聚氯乙烯聚合釜。     

粉煤灰掺量及颗粒群分布与水泥浆体流变性的关系研究

研究了原状粉煤灰与磨细粉煤灰不同掺量和不同颗粒群分布与水泥浆流变性能的相互关系。结果发现:原状粉煤灰加入水泥后具有降低水泥浆的粘度与屈服值的作用,且随粉煤灰细度及掺量的增加而更明显;磨细粉煤灰加入水泥后具有提高水泥浆的粘度与屈服值的效应,且随粉煤灰细度及掺量的增加而更突出。用灰色关联分析原理证实了原状灰<10μm的颗粒含量与水泥浆的流变性呈负关联,即对改善水泥的流动性是有益的;而磨细灰<10μm的颗粒含量与水泥浆的流变性呈正关联,即对提高水泥的流动性是不利的。     

4-4’二氨基二苯甲烷合成催化剂研究进展

4-4’二氨基二苯甲烷作为聚氨酯工业的重要中间体,在国内及国际市场上的消费量逐年攀升。以苯胺和甲醛为原料合成4-4’二氨基二苯甲烷是目前主要的生产方法,该法主要采用盐酸作为催化剂,由于工艺过程在分离方面存在诸多不足,因此发展非均相催化剂体系成为该领域未来的趋势。对以甲醛和苯胺为原料合成4-4’二氨基二苯甲烷的固体催化剂进行综述,重点关注分子筛催化剂领域的进展。     

The effect of sodium polymethacrylate on the rheology of the positive paste and performance of the lead-acid battery

Due to its rheological properties, positive lead-acid battery paste can be difficult to spread on lead current collectors accurately and efficiently under industry machinery and setting. Sodium polymethacrylate dispersant was studied as an effective positive paste additive that could lower the yield stress of the paste without affecting paste density and battery performance. Under a four-blade vane rheometer setup, stress growth and oscillatory amplitude strain sweep experiments evaluated the rheological properties of positive paste with the addition of varying amounts of sodium polymethacrylate. Further, the electrochemical effects of sodium polymethacrylate were also evaluated in 2V batteries by testing positive active material utilization and cycle life.