UV/草酸铁/H2O2法处理染料废水

采用UV/草酸铁/H2O2法处理染料废水，考察了体系中K2C2O4浓度、FeSO4浓度、H2O2浓度、pH值及反应温度对吡啰红染料废水色度去除效果的影响.结果表明，UV/草酸铁/H2O2法能有效地使染料水溶液迅速脱色，草酸铁的加入能提高脱色速率，H 2O2/FeSO4/K2C2O4的摩尔比为100：7：1时，吡啰红脱色效果最好;另外，通过测定降解过程中吸光度、电导率、pH值的变化，揭示了降解产物中无机粒子的变化规律及某些可能的产物类型。     

UV/草酸铁络合物处理直接冻黄染料的实验研究

采用UV/草酸铁络合物对直接冻黄染料废水进行处理.研究了H2O2 K2O2O4和Fe2 (SO4)3·7H2O的投加量、pH值、光照时间等因素对染料废水处理效果的影响和最佳处理条件.结果表明,pH值4,30%H2O2的投加量0.5mL·L-1、0.1mol·L-1 Fe2(SO4)3·7H2O的投加量5.0mL·L-1,0.1moL·L-1K2C2O4的投加量7.5mL·L-1,UV光照时间16min的最佳条件下,70mg·L-1的直接冻黄模拟染料废水脱色率可达96.52%.通过和UV/Fenton法进行对比实验,UV/草酸铁法优于UV/Fenton法,是一项有研究价值和开发应用前景的污染治理新技术.     

UV—Vis／H2O2／草酸铁络合物法在水处理中的应用

介绍了各光Fenton法的运行机理及存在的优缺点，综述了UV－Vis/H2O2／草酸铁络合物法在水处理中的应用状况，并对其今后的发展趋势进行了阐述。UV－Vis/H2O2/草酸铁络合物法是一种新的高级氧化技术，是对光Feton法的发展，在处理高浓度难降解有机废水方面效果优于UV／Fe^2 /H2O2法、UV／H2O2法、TiO2法和WO3法等，因其具有一定的利用太阳能的潜力，所以具有较好的应用前景。     

UV/H2O2/草酸铁络合物处理水中聚丙烯酰胺

采用UV/H2O2/草酸铁作为氧化剂氧化降解水中的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)。研究了H2O2投加量、反应时间、n(Fe3+):n(草酸)对PAM降解的影响。试验结果表明,在室温25℃,n(Fe3+):n(草酸)=1:3,H2O2浓度为15 mmol.L-1,pH=3的条件下,光照120 min后,质量浓度为400 mg.L-1的PAM的去除率达到88.3%,与其它光氧化体系相比,去除效果较为明显。     

UV/Mn2+协同催化H2O2氧化降解染料X-3B的研究

研究了UV和Mn2+协同催化H2O2(UV/Mn2+-H2O2)降解染料活性艳红X-3B的过程.结果表明,X-3B在UV/Mn2+-H2O2中的降解速率达0.098 4 min-1,是Mm2+催化H2O2和UV催化H2O2速率之和的3.0倍,协同催化作用加速了·OH对废水的降解.对初始质量浓度为150 mg·L-1的X-3B溶液,初始pH为4、MnSO4及H2O2的投加量分别为2和10 mmol·L-1,反应60 min后,脱色率达到100%,而该条件下染料的极限降解量为294 mg·L-1UV-vis光谱分析发现X-3B在可见光区的吸收几乎完全消失,在211nm处产生新吸收峰,说明降解过程产生了新的中间产物.     

日光下活性纳米TiO2溶胶光降解性能的研究

于低温条件下(70 ℃)制备了纳米TiO2溶胶,研究了在日光照射下,纳米TiO2溶胶对甲基橙降解率的影响条件.实验结果表明,纳米TiO2溶胶可以在日光下很好地催化降解甲基橙,当甲基橙的浓度为2.5×10-5 mol·L-1,TiO2的浓度为7.00×10-4 mol·L-1,加入H2O2的浓度为6.3×10-4 mol·L-1时,降解率可达92%.在溶液中加入Fe3 ,亦可使降解率得到一定的提高.     

Fe2+催化H2O2、S2O82-、S2O82--H2O2降解橙黄G

以偶氮染料橙黄G(OG)为目标污染物,研究Fe2+分别催化H2O2、S2O82-、H2O2-S2O82-降解0.1 mmol/LOG Fe2+/H2O2体系,[Fe2+]=1 mmol/L,pH=3,[H2O2]0=10 mmol/L,降解30 min OG脱色率为96%,随着pH值增大和[H2O2]0>10 mmol/L,OG脱色率减小,呈线性变化。Fe2+/S2O82-体系,随着S2O82-初始浓度增加OG脱色率增大,随着pH值增大OG脱色率减小,呈非线性变化。Fe2+/H2O2-S2O82-体系,pH=3,[H2O2]0=2 mmol/L,[S2O82-]0>10 mmol/L时OG脱色率持续增大。Fe2+/H2O2-S2O82-体系矿化率最高。利用乙醇和硝基苯作为分子探针,采用分子探针竞争实验鉴定该体系中产生的SO4.和OH.。     

动态UV-vis / H2O2 / 草酸铁络合物法光解苯胺

UV -vis/H₂ O₂ /草酸铁络合物法是一种高级氧化工艺 ,这个工艺产生的羟自由基·OH是一种很强的氧化剂 ,能很快和水中有机物发生反应 .以苯胺为处理对象对该法的氧化能力和效果进行了研究 ,并确定了降解苯胺的最佳工艺条件 :pH =3 .5 ,Fe^{2 +} ∶H₂ O₂ ∶C₂ O^{2 -}₄ ≈ 1∶4∶6 (mole) .UV -vis/H₂ O₂ /草酸铁络合物法处理高浓度苯胺水样非常有效 ,12min内苯胺去除率均在 99%以上 .流动法处理苯胺模拟废水的效果明显好于静态法     

动态UV-vis/H2O2/草酸铁络合物法光解苯胺

UV -vis/H₂ O₂ /草酸铁络合物法是一种高级氧化工艺 ,这个工艺产生的羟自由基·OH是一种很强的氧化剂 ,能很快和水中有机物发生反应 .以苯胺为处理对象对该法的氧化能力和效果进行了研究 ,并确定了降解苯胺的最佳工艺条件 :pH =3 .5 ,Fe^{2 +} ∶H₂ O₂ ∶C₂ O^{2 -}₄ ≈ 1∶4∶6 (mole) .UV -vis/H₂ O₂ /草酸铁络合物法处理高浓度苯胺水样非常有效 ,12min内苯胺去除率均在 99%以上 .流动法处理苯胺模拟废水的效果明显好于静态法     

UV-vis/H2O2/草酸铁络合物法光解难降解有机物的研究述评

UV－vis／H2O2／草酸铁络合物法是一种新的高级氧化技术,该方法处理效果优于UV－vis/Fe^2 ／H2O2法、TiO2法和WO3等法等,具有良好的应用前景。     

ZrO2/SiO2- and La2O3/Al2O3-supported platinum catalysts for CH4/CO2 reforming

Surface-phase ZrO₂ on SiO₂ (SZrOs) and surface-phase La₂O₃ on Al₂O₃ (SLaOs) were prepared with various loadings of ZrO₂ and La₂O₃, characterized and used as supports for preparing Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts. CH₄/CO₂ reforming over the Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts was examined and compared with Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/SiO₂ catalysts. CO₂ or CH₄ pulse reaction/adsorption analysis was employed to elucidate the effects of these surface-phase oxides.

The zirconia can be homogeneously dispersed on SiO₂ to form a stable surface-phase oxide. The lanthana cannot be spread well on Al₂O₃, but it forms a stable amorphous oxide with Al₂O₃. The Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts showed higher steady activity than did Pt/SiO₂ and Pt/Al₂O₃ by a factor of three to four. The Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts were also much more stable than the Pt/SiO₂ and Pt/Al₂O₃ catalysts for long stream time and for reforming temperatures above 700 °C. These findings were attributed to the activation of CO₂ adsorbed on the basic sites of SZrOs and SLaOs.     

Photocatalytic activity of Cu2O/TiO2, Bi2O3/TiO2 and ZnMn2O4/TiO2 heterojunctions

Cu₂O/TiO₂, Bi₂O₃/TiO₂ and ZnMn₂O₄/TiO₂ heterojunctions were studied for potential applications in water decontamination technology and their capacity to induce an oxidation process under VIS light. UV–vis spectroscopy analysis showed that the junctions-based Cu₂O, Bi₂O₃ and ZnMn₂O₄ are able to absorb a large part of visible light (respectively, up to 650, 460 and 1000 nm). This fact was confirmed in the case of Cu₂O/TiO₂ and Bi₂O₃/TiO₂ by photocatalytic experiments performed under visible light. A part of the charge recombination that can take place when both semiconductors are excited was observed when a photocatalytic experiment was performed under UV–vis illumination. Orange II, 4-hydroxybenzoic and benzamide were used as pollutants in the experiment. Photoactivity of the junctions was found to be strongly dependent on the substrate. The different phenomena that were observed in each case are discussed.     

TiO2-SiO2 and V2O5/TiO2-SiO2 catalyst: Physico-chemical characteristics and catalytic behavior in selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3

TiO₂-SiO₂ with various compositions prepared by the coprecipitation method and vanadia loaded on TiO₂-SiO₂ were investigated with respect to their physico-chemical characteristics and catalytic behavior in SCR of NO by NH₃ and in the undesired oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃, using BET, XRD, XPS, NH₃-TPD, acidity measurement by the titration method and activity test. TiO₂-SiO₂, compared with pure TiO₂, exhibits a remarkably stronger acidity, a higher BET surface area, a lower crystallinity of anatase titania and results in allowing a good thermal stability and a higher vanadia dispersion on the support up to high loadings of 15 wt% V₂O₅. The SCR activity and N₂ selectivity are found to be more excellent over vanadia loaded on TiO₂-SiO₂ with 10–20 mol% of SiO₂ than over that on pure TiO₂, and this is considered to be associated with highly dispersed vanadia on the supports and large amounts of NH₃ adsorbed on the catalysts. With increasing SiO₂ content, the remarkable activity decrease in the oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃, favorable for industrial SCR catalysts, was also observed, strongly depending on the existence of vanadium species of the oxidation state close to V⁴⁺ on TiO₂-SiO₂, while V⁵⁺ exists on TiO₂, according to XPS. It is concluded that vanadia loaded on Ti-rich TiO₂-SiO₂ with low SiO₂ content is suitable as SCR catalysts for sulfur-containing exhaust gases due to showing not only the excellent de-NO_x activity but also the low SO₂ oxidation performance.     

O2/CO2气氛下煤燃烧SO2/NO析出特性

在水平管式炉上研究了O₂浓度、CO₂浓度、温度及石灰石添加等各参数对O₂/CO₂气氛下徐州烟煤和龙岩无烟煤燃烧过程中SO₂/NO排放特性的影响。结果发现,O₂/CO₂气氛下,烟煤和无烟煤燃烧SO₂/NO的析出规律与空气气氛下不同,同等O₂浓度下析出量比空气气氛下小。O₂/CO₂气氛下,随着O₂浓度的提高,烟煤和无烟煤SO₂/NO排放量均增大;随着CO₂浓度的升高, SO₂/NO排放量均减小。O₂/CO₂气氛下,石灰石添加对SO₂排放的抑制作用低于空气气氛下;石灰石添加对NO的排放有一定减排作用。对煤灰的元素分析显示O₂/CO₂燃烧对SO₂的抑制主要是由于煤灰的自固硫能力增强,而对NO的减排作用则是促进燃料N向其他含N气体的转换。     

还原条件对三元载体加氢催化剂加氢脱氮性能的影响

用原位溶胶凝胶法制备了不同TiO：含量的MoP／TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3催化剂,对含喹啉的模型化合物,在连续同定床反应器上进行。THDN活性评价（反应温度为300～400℃,反应压力为3．0MPa）。在不同还原条件下,对催化剂进行加氢脱氮活性评价。结果表明：还原条件对MoP／TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3催化剂加氢活性有较大影响,评价确定的最佳还原条件为：还原气速60mL／min,还原温度为600℃。     

O_2/N_2、O_2/CO_2和O_2/CO_2/NO气氛下煤粉燃烧NO_x排放特性

利用滴管炉研究了O2/N2、O2/CO2和O2/CO2/NO气氛下煤燃烧过程中NOx的排放特性。实验结果表明,在O2/N2和O2/CO2气氛下,高温或高O2浓度均使NO排放量增加。O2/CO2气氛下NO排放量比O2/N2气氛下NO排放量低大约30%~40%。在O2/CO2/NO气氛下,温度不同时,O2浓度变化对NO排放量的影响规律不同,对循环NO降解的影响规律也不同。高温不利于循环NO降解。随停留时间的延长NO排放量出现两个峰值。     

SnO_2-MnO_2-Sb_2O_3体系固溶体相图初探

采用化学共沉淀方法制备了SnO2-MnO2-Sb2O3三元固溶体并对其相图进行了初步研究,绘制了固相线下SnO2-MnO2-Sb2O3三元体系相图,确定该类固溶体的类型及其形成机制。实验结果表明:该三元体系的相关系图中含有2个单相区、8个两相区和3个三相区。金红石型SnO2为主要化合物的1区和锡锑共存互溶形成的(Sn,Sb)O2ss化合物为主的2区这两个单相区中的氧化物可以作为耐腐蚀性强、导电性良好的阳极材料中间层。     

CO2-H2O和CO2-H2O-NaCl 体系的相平衡研究进展

To study the feasibility of CO2 geological sequestration,it is needed to understand the complicated mul- tiple-phase equilibrium and the densities of aqueous solution with CO2 and multi-ions under wide geological condi- tions（273.15—473.15K,0—60MPa）,which are also essential for designing separation equipments in chemical or oil-related industries.For this purpose,studies on the relevant phase equilibria and densities are reviewed and analyzed and the method to improve or modify the existing model is suggested in order to obtain more reliable predictions in a wide temperature and pressure range.Besides,three different models（the electrolyte non random two-liquid（ELECNRTL）,the electrolyte NRTL combining with Helgeson model（ENRTL-HG）,Pitzer activity coefficient model combining with Helgeson model（PITZ-HG））are used to calculate the vapor-liquid phase equilib- rium of CO2-H2O and CO2-H2O-NaCl systems.For CO2-H2O system,the calculation results agree with the experimental data very well at low and medium pressure（0—20MPa）,but there are great discrepancies above 20MPa.For the water content at 473.15K,the calculated results agree with the experimental data quite well.For the CO2-H2O-NaCl system,the PITZ-HG model show better results than ELECNRTL and ENRTL-HG models at the NaCl concentration of 0.52mol·L ^-1 .Bur for the NaCl concentration of 3.997mol·L ^-1 ,using the ELECNRTL and ENRTL-HG models gives better results than using the PITZ-HG model.It is shown that available experimental data and the thermodynamic calculations can satisfy the needs of the calculation of the sequestration capacity in the temperature and pressure range for disposal of CO2 in deep saline aquifers.More experimental data and more accurate thermodynamic calculations are needed in high temperature and pressure ranges（above 398.15K and 31.5MPa）.     

Preparation of Cu/ZrO2 catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO2/H2

Cu/ZrO₂ catalysts for methanol synthesis from CO₂/H₂ were respectively prepared by deposition coprecipitation (DP) and solid state reaction (SR) methods. There is an intimate interaction between copper and zirconia, which strongly affects the reduction property and catalytic performance of the catalysts. The stronger the interaction, the lower the reduction temperature and the better the performance of the catalysts. Surface area, pore structure and crystal structure of the catalysts are mainly controlled by preparation methods and alkalinity of synthesis system. The conversion of CO₂ and selectivity of methanol are higher for DP catalysts than for SP catalysts.