钢基表面单道激光熔覆Fe3Al金属间化合物的研究

以纯Fe3Al粉末为原料,采用同步送粉式激光熔覆工艺在低碳钢基体表面合成Fe3Al金属间化合物.利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜与X衍射实验方法对熔覆合金层、合金层与钢基体的结合界面等进行了显微组织与相结构的分析.结果表明,激光熔覆功率对合金层品质有较大影响,本实验在2 kW激光熔覆功率条件下获得了致密、无肉眼可见气孔、夹杂、裂纹等缺陷的熔覆层,熔覆表面有一定起伏的合金层,合金层与基体间完全冶金结合;熔覆合金层主要由单相Fe3Al构成,熔覆层组织为细小等轴状晶粒,等轴晶内部由大量更为细小的条状Fe3Al晶粒构成.     

Fe3Al金属间化合物激光熔覆层的组织结构

以纯Fe3Al粉为主要原料在钢基体表面激光熔覆Fe3Al金属间化合物。利用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射等法对熔覆合金层、合金层与钢基体的结合界面等进行了显微组织及相结构的分析。实验结果获得了致密、无肉眼可见气孔、夹杂物,但存在少量裂纹的合金层,合金层与基体间完全冶金结合;熔覆合金层主要由单相Fe3Al构成,覆层组织为粗大等轴状晶团,等轴状晶团由大量极细小的条状Fe3Al晶粒构成,一些相邻的条状晶粒之间具有基本一致的晶体学取向。     

激光熔覆制备Fe-Al金属间化合物覆层

分别以纯Fe3Al粉、铁基合金粉 铝粉为原料,采用激光熔覆工艺在钢基体表面制备Fe-Al金属间化合物.利用扫描电镜、能谱仪与X射线衍射等方法对熔覆合金层以及与钢基体的结合界面等进行了显微组织与相结构的分析.结果表明,采用这两种原料均可以获得与基体之间良好冶金结合的Fe-Al合金覆层,覆层组织致密,均与基体实现了良好的冶金结合;直接熔覆Fe3Al工艺的覆层存在裂纹现象,而铁基合金粉 铝粉反应合成工艺的覆层组织含少量孤立微孔隙,但无裂纹缺陷;直接熔覆Fe3Al的覆层组织由粗大的等轴状晶团构成,等轴状晶团内部及晶界由大量极细小的板条状Fe3Al晶粒构成,许多相邻板条晶之间具有一致的晶体取向;反应合成工艺的覆层组织主要由大量细密、均匀的树枝晶构成,树枝晶所含元素的原子比Fe:Al:Ni:Cr:Si大约为55:24:8:8:5.     

激光熔覆在金属间化合物涂层材料制备中的应用

在分析金属间化合物涂层材料特点的基础上,综述各种激光熔覆合成金属间化合物涂层的研究现状,分析了各种金属间化合物涂层的组织和性能.研究表明,激光熔覆合成的金属间化合物涂层均具有优异的耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗氧化等性能.     

电弧熔覆Ti-Si金属间化合物表面层的组织与性能

采用在纯钛基体上预敷硅粉,然后进行电弧熔覆的表面处理技术,通过改变焊接电流调整预敷硅粉与纯钛基体的熔化量,制备Ti-Si金属间化合物表面层,使基体获得表面冶金强化.用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪,对表面层的微观结构及界面进行了分析研究,并测试了显微硬度分布和耐磨性.结果表明,随着焊接电流增加,表面层的显微组织类型由亚共品到共晶,最后为过共晶.Ti5Si3相使表面层具有较高的硬度,耐磨性比纯钛基体有明显提高.     

不同温度对等离子熔覆Fe3Al金属间化合物的影响

针对等离子熔覆产生Fe3Al金属间化合物过程中,不同板材温度对熔覆过程中的表面质量、组织形态及影响规律进行了研究,研究发现随着熔覆过程中温度的增加,熔覆层颗粒越来越细小,熔覆层组织中的Fe3Al晶须的数量和大小有所增加.并通过熔覆层硬度分析得出板材温度控制在80℃时组织维氏硬度能达到铁基的1.67倍.     

钛合金激光熔覆TiB-TiC增强TiNi-Ti2Ni金属间化合物复合涂层的组织和耐磨性（英文）

以Ti＋Ni＋B4C粉末混合物为原料,利用激光熔覆技术在TA15钛合金基材表面制得TiB-TiC共同增强TiNi-Ti2Ni金属间化合物复合涂层。采用OM、SEM、XRD、EDS及AFM等手段分析激光熔覆涂层的显微组织及磨损表面,测试涂层的室温干滑动磨损性能。结果表明,激光熔覆TiB-TiC增强TiNi-Ti2Ni金属间化合物复合涂层熔覆具有独特的显微组织,菊花状的TiB-TiC共晶均匀分布在TiNi-Ti2Ni双相金属间化合物基体中。由于高硬、高耐磨TiB-TiC陶瓷相与高韧性TiNi-Ti2Ni双相金属间化合物基体的共同配合,激光熔覆涂层表现出优异的耐磨性。     

等离子原位合成Ni-Al基金属间化合物涂层的研究

通过高温等离子光束激发不同配比的Ni、Al、Fe混合粉产生原位反应,利用扫描电镜(SEM)对原位反应获得的涂层的显微结构进行观察.并利用XRD进行成分分析.结果表明,实验获得的金属间化合物结构致密,并与基体呈冶金结合,其中质量比为1:1的Ni、Al混合粉末熔覆涂层的主要成分为NiAl,而加人Fe后得到的涂层成分为NiAl和Fe_3Al两种金属问化合物涂层.     

造渣剂对激光熔覆制备铁铝金属间化合物的影响

通过激光熔覆添加和不添加造渣剂的铁铝混合粉末在Q235钢基体上制备出铁铝金属间化合物熔覆层,研究了造渣剂对熔覆层的组织和性能的影响.结果表明,向熔覆粉末中添加造渣剂不仅可以显著细化熔覆层晶粒,还可以影响熔覆层的物相结构.当熔覆粉末中Fe,Al原子比例接近3:1时,所制备的熔覆层均由B2结构的FeAl相和DO3结构的Fe₃Al组成,但添加造渣剂后所得熔覆层中含有较多DO3结构的Fe₃Al.结果表明,添加造渣剂的熔覆层有着更高的显微硬度、更好的抗氧化性能和耐蚀性能.     

锆基激光熔覆涂层组织结构及性能

在纯钛(TA2)基体上激光熔覆了Zr65Al75Ni10Cu17.5合金粉末，对涂层进行了XRD，SEM和TEM分析。研究发现，涂层由金属间化合物 少量的非晶组成。这种具有高比强度、高硬度和高抗氧化性的金属间化合物与非晶相的复合组织，具有较好的力学性能。在Zr65Al75Ni10Cu17.5合金粉末中添加w(B)2％和w(Si)2．75％，发现涂层中非晶含量增加，硬度升高。两种涂层的最高硬度分别达到HK909．6和HK1444．8。     

Processing of high carbon Fe3Al based intermetallic alloy

A melting procedure for air induction melting (AIM) of an Fe₃Al based intermetallic alloy Fe-15.38 wt%Al-1.1 wt%C is described. Use of an appropriate slag cover during AIM results in elimination of hydrogen gas porosity in cast AIM ingots. Criteria for slag selection and slag to metal ratio are discussed. Refining by slag-metal reactions results in significant reduction in impurity levels (S, O, N) during AIM. Consequently, low cost raw materials such as mild steel scrap and commercial aluminium were used for melting the alloy. The AIM ingot exhibited excellent tensile properties. The ductility and hot workability of the ingot may be further improved by subsequent processing through electroslag remelting. It is also argued that the presence of carbon may be necessary to get AIM castings with desirable mechanical properties.     

等离子弧熔覆添加Al2O3+TiO2铁基合金涂层组织和耐磨性

在Q235钢表面用等离子弧熔覆Ni-Cr-B-Si-Fe铁基合金涂层及添加不同含量Al2O3 TiO2铁基合金复合涂层,比较研究了这两种涂层的组织、显微硬度和磨损性能。结果表明,添加Al2O3 TiO2后的铁基复合涂层界面的生长形态发生变化,由初生的细长柱状树枝晶转变为小的枝晶,并且提供了形核的核心,细化了晶粒;其组织主要由晶粒细小的γ-Fe为基,以Cr23C6,Fe3C,Al2O3 TiO2为增强相的复合涂层;熔覆层的显微硬度可达600～655HV0.2。     

Formation and chemical leaching effects of nonequilibrium Al0.6(Fe25Cu75) alloy powder produced by rod milling

The formation and chemical leaching effects of a nonequilibrium Al_0.6(Fe₂₅Cu₇₅)_0.4 powder produced by rod milling is described. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and vibrating sample magnetometry were used to characterize both the as-milled and leached specimens. After 400 h of milling, only the bcc AlFe phase with an amorphous phase was detected in the XRD patterns. The crystallite size for the bcc AlFe phase (110) after 400 h of milling was about 5.3 nm. The peak temperature and the crystallization temperature of the as-milled powders were 448.7 and 428.0 °C, respectively. Al atoms leaching from the as-milled bcc AlFe powders in the L1 condition did not alter the diffraction pattern significantly, even though Al atoms had been removed. After the L1 specimen was annealed at 500 °C for 1 h, the bcc AlFe phase transformed to the fcc Cu, Fe, and CuFe₂O₄ phases. The peak widths of L1 and L2 specimens were similar, but became broader than that of the as-milled powder. The saturation magnetization decreased with increasing milling time, and a value of 10.4 emu/g was reached after 400 h of milling. After cooling the specimen from 750 °C, the magnetization slowly increased at approximately 491.4 °C, indicating that the bcc AlFe phase had transformed to the fcc Cu and Fe phases.     

Kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrogen absorption in the Zr(Al0.1Fe0.9)2 intermetallic compound

Thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of hydrogen absorption in Zr(Al_0.1Fe_0.9)₂ were investigated at pressures up to 80 atm of H₂ and temperatures between 248 K and 270 K. The heat and entropy of formation of the Zr(Al_0.1Fe_0.9)₂ hydride are estimated to be −24.7 kJ/(mole H₂) and −120 J/(K^*mole H₂), respectively. Small, well-defined samples were utilized for the kinetic research. The experimental kinetic data fit a shrinking core (sc) model, in accord with a visual examination of partly hydrided samples. The pressure dependence of the rate constants indicates an interface-controlled phase transition as the hydride formation rate-determining step. The activation energy for the hydriding process is estimated from Arrhenius plots of the reaction rates to be 0.30 eV/H atom. The kinetic data are discussed in view of similar results for additional intermetallic compounds.     

Solvothermal synthesis and characterization of size-controlled Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Size-controlled Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared via a facile solvothermal method by using the mixed surfactants of SDS and PEG as protective reagents. The sizes of the nanoparticles can be varied from 15 to 190 nm by adjusting the experimental conditions. The influences of the protective reagents, reaction time, the initial concentration of the reactant, molar ratio of FeCl₃ and protective reagents on the size of the produced nanoparticles were studied. The size and morphology of the products were investigated in detail by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).     

基于机械合金化及热处理制备Fe3Al金属间化合物粉体材料

通过机械合金化并结合热处理制备出以Fe₃Al金属间化合物为主要物相的粉末材料。利用差热分析仪、X射线衍射和扫描电镜对制备过程中粉体的组织形貌、物相变化过程进行了研究。结果表明,制备过程中其物相转变趋势主要是由铝含量高物相向铁含量高物相转变,转化顺序为：Fe₄Al₁₃→ FeAl₆→ Fe₂Al₅→Fe₃Al,通过30 h球磨和750 ℃保温120 min的退火热处理可以获得以Fe₃Al金属间化合物为主要物相的粉体材料。     

Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶合金的晶化动力学

用差热分析（ＤＴＡ）结合Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）,研究了Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９非晶合金的晶化动力学。结果表明：温度在０～７００℃范围内,该合金的晶化相为α－Ｆｅ和Ｆｅ２Ｂ;α－Ｆｅ相晶化表观激活能为４５２．３９ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ,Ｆｅ２Ｂ相的晶化表观激活能３９５．２３ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ;两相在晶化初期激活能最小,随晶化量Ｘｃ的增加而迅速境大,在α－Ｆｅ的体积分类为３０％～８０％,Ｆｅ２Ｂ的体积分     

Preparation and characterization of PEG-PEI/Fe3O4 nano-magnetic fluid by co-precipitation method

PEG-PEI/Fe3O4 nano-magnetic fluids with different mass fractions of reactant were prepared by co-precipitation method. Besides particle size analyzer, the methods of XRD, IR, VSM and AFM were adopted to characterize the synthesized samples. Covalent bonding of PEG, PEI and Fe3O4 exhibits superparamagnetism. The TEM photograph shows that the particles are of stable dispersion and little aggregation, with smooth surface, spherical shape and a diameter of about 80 nm, which meets the requirements of nano-materials. When the mass fraction of PEI in reactant is 25%, the particle size, Zeta-potential and pEGFP-CI DNA loading efficiency are all satisfactory. In this case, PEG-PEI/Fe3O4 nano-magnetic fluids can be used as gene vectors or targeted drug carriers.     

Fe3Al/Q235异种材料扩散焊界面相结构分析

采用X射线衍射、透射电镜和电子衍射技术对Fe3Al/Q235真空扩散焊界面附近的微观相结构进行了试验研究。试验结果表明，当加热温度1050～1080℃，保温时间60min，压力9.8MPa时，Fe3Al金属间化合物与Q235钢扩散焊界面附近形成了明显的扩散过滤区，该过渡区由Fe3Al相和a-Fe(Al）固深体构成，显微硬度约为480～540HM，不存在含铝校较高的高硬度脆性相。有利于提高Fe3Al/Q235扩散过滤区的韧性，提高扩散焊接头的抗裂纹能力。扩散过滤区中的Fe3Al相与a-Fe(Al）固溶体之间存在着（110）a-Fe(Al)//(011)Fe3Al和[001]a-Fe(Al)//[100]Fe3Al的晶体学取向关系。