索引折半查找算法的研究与设计

当前对有序数列查找常用二分查找,但是二分查找具有一定的约束性和特殊情况下的低效性,为此研究并设计了索引折半查找算法,理论上其平均查找效率优于二分查找的平均查找效率。对比实验验证了索引折半查找算法的良好性能。     

数据结构之查找实例演示系统的设计与实现

本系统是算法实例演示系统的一部分,设计的主要内容：静态查找（顺序查找、折半查找、分块查找）,动态查找（二叉排序树的查找、二叉平衡树的查找）以及基于哈希表的查找（开放地址法、再哈希法、链地址法）。通过实例形象地把查找过程给演示出来,突出教与学的交互性。系统在教学中得到实践检验,效果较好。     

基于折半查找算法的研究与改进

折半查找算法是数据结构中有序序列查找中的一个重要算法,可以用比折半法改进的折半法查找性能,明显优于折半查找,在实际应用中可极大提高查找效率.     

一种改进的二分查找算法

当前在有序数列查找中二分查找最为常用,但是二分查找在一些特殊情况下,其查找效率很低,如查找元素是数列中的第一个元素和最后一个元素。针对这种情况,结合数列特性,设计了一种改进的二分查找算法。改进的二分查找算法经理论和实验证明,其平均查找长度介于1和n+1/nlog2(n+1)-1之间,明显优于二分查找的平均查找长度n+1/nlog2(n+1)-1,实现难度比参考文献[1]要容易。     

数据结构之查找实例演示系统的设计与实现

本系统是算法实例演示系统的一部分,设计的主要内容:静态查找(顺序查找、折半查找、分块查找),动态查找(二叉排序树的查找、二叉平衡树的查找)以及基于哈希表的查找(开放地址法、再哈希法、链地址法)。通过实例形象地把查找过程给演示出来,突出教与学的交互性。系统在教学中得到实践检验,效果较好。     

挖掘Excel的查找功能

在Excel中查找数据,很多人自然会想到用编辑菜单中的查找功能,其实在Excel中的查找,不仅可以利用编辑菜单查找并编辑指定的文字或数字,还可以查找出包含相同内容（如公式）的所有单元格,也可以查找出与活动单元格中内容不匹配的单元格。同时可以通过筛选功能,只显示包含指定内容的数据行。下面就详细来谈谈Excel中的查找。　　普通查找　　普通查找就是指利用编辑菜单中的查找功能查找某一指定数据,步骤如下：　　1、单击“编辑”菜单中的“查找”,出现查找对话框。　　2、在查找对话框中输入要查找的内容。单击“查找下一个”…     

一种可变长查找表的单基快速傅里叶变换倒序算法

为提高运算速度,降低查找表规模,在原有查找表算法的基础上,提出一种单基快速傅里叶变换原址倒序算法。设计新的查找表构造算法,优化原有查找表的计算方法,并得出在不同倒序计算规模下最优查找表规模选取的一般规律。仿真结果表明,该算法查找表规模可变,通过循环访问查找表平衡选取查找表规模,可减少循环次数,并提高计算速度。     

一种Flash运行时注入查找工具的设计

为提高Flash运行时系列软件的质量,提升查找注入的效率,文章在之前注入查找技术的基础上,重新设计了一个自动化查找注入的工具。该工具的前端查找程序整合了路径查找、运行进程和查找算法策略等模块,可以跨平台运行。同时,该前端查找程序可灵活的运用优化策略进行查找,具有良好的适应性和扩展性。该工具的后端分析程序可根据实际测试环境情况来计算,从而选择最优算法作为查找策略,并且可对导致注入的源头信息进行分析,进一步缩小查找范围,结合选取的算法提出更为优化的查找策略。该后端分析程序还包括了校验注入和计算Build的置信水平用于整个测试的反馈。文章综合了各类查找算法和Flash运行时系列软件的工作特点,提升了注入查找能力,在实践中具有较强的应用价值。     

改进的二分法查找

当前有很多的查找算法,其中在对有序数列的查找算法中二分法查找（binary search）是最常用的。利用二分法,在含有n个元素的有序数列中查找一个元素的最大比较次数为[logn]＋1。在很多情况中,在查找之前有序数列分布的很多信息为已知,比如说如果知道了有序数列中每相邻两个元素之差的最大值的一个上界,就可以有比二分法更加有效的查找算法。文章给出了一个称之为改进的二分法查找算法。改进的二分法查找性能明显优于二分法查找,受数列分布的影响,其最坏情况下查找一个元素的最大比较次数在1和[logn]＋1之间,明显优于二分查找的[logn]＋1。在实际应用中利用改进的二分法可以极大地提高查找效率。     

二叉排序树查找算法性能分析

查找是计算机中经常要用到的操作。二叉排序树排序树查找属于动态查找类,二叉排序树查找算法与建立算法密切相关。给出了一种计算二叉排序树平均查找长度的算法,希望能对查找算法的研究起到一点作用。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.