过渡季节隔板式工位空调房间气流组织的数值模拟

现代办公楼由于室内发热设备增多,部分房间在过渡季节也需要制冷,传统空调按夏季工况设计选用的设备容量较大,不能适应过渡季节小负荷运行的需要。工位空调是一种人性化的空调形式,直接将新鲜空气送到人的呼吸区,在过渡季节通过工位空调,充分利用室外新风消除室内负荷是一种可行的空调方式。利用CFD仿真软件对一间使用隔板式工位空调办公室的过渡季节的温度场、速度场进行仿真,得出了空气温度、流速的分布图,并对模拟房间进行了实验测试,对模拟结果与实测结果进行了分析比较。分析结果表明模拟值与实测值的吻合度较好,认为该空调房间的气流组织是符合要求的。最后指出,仿真应该和实验有机的结合起来,才能更有效的解决专业问题。     

小型热电装置制冷特性及人体热舒适性研究

实验研究使用TEC1—12705型制冷片的小型热电制冷装置在恒压12V、电流2A条件下的制冷特性,证明其完全满足小空间快速冷却及小功率电子元件散热需求。设计研究壁挂空调器在3种送风速度、6种导风板旋转角时的18种组合工况对人体热舒适性的影响,实验采用受试者主观综合评价获取PMV值的方法,寻找并确定了实验条件下较适宜的送风速度和导风板旋转角度。     

工位空调系统的能耗研究

工位空调系统是对传统空调方式的革新,但是在能耗分析方面的研究比较少.本文对选取的建筑物理模型建立了工位空调系统和传统变风量空调系统的能耗模型.其中工位空调能耗模型考虑了简单的人员行为和控制模型,工作位之间以及工作位与非关键区域的传热.在我国三个城市典型气象年的气候条件下,改变工位空调系统的特征参数,计算了两种空调系统的全年4380小时的逐时运行能耗,以及工位空调系统相对于传统变风量空调系统的节能率,并分析探讨了工位空调系统的能耗特征.     

高大空间空调气流组织优化研究与应用

分析制丝车间原有的空调气流组织的不足,将两套侧墙边的上送风空调改造为下送风空调,保留车间中央的1套作为备用.结合车间屋顶通风器进行排气.改造后,车间环境舒适度、节能均有显著提高.     

小型会议室夏季空调气流组织及热舒适性研究

利用计算流体力学的方法,通过Airpak软件对3种气流组织形式（同侧送排风、异侧送排风和置换通风）下小型会议室夏季室内热环境进行数值模拟,得到不同气流组织形式下的室内温度、速度、PMV值和PPD值分布,对比分析不同气流组织的人员热舒适性。结果显示：室内供冷工况下,会议室采用置换通风形式满足的热舒适等级更高,且室内的气流速度波动较小,能够较好地满足人体热舒适要求,是理想的气流组织形式。     

办公楼隔板式工位空调的节能研究分析

随着我国经济的不断发展,建筑能耗逐年上升,现代化办公建筑作为主要的耗能大户日益受到人们关注。针对如何解决办公建筑高能耗的问题,提出了隔板式工位空调,并将其与传统变风量空调形式的能耗作对比分析。结果显示,使用该种空调形式在改善人体周围空气品质的同时还能大幅度降低能耗,是现代化办公建筑较为理想的空调送风形式。     

采用室内热舒适性控制的变风量空调系统节能控制研究

在对变风量空调系统及控制系统分析的基础上,利用ＤＤＣ控制器可采集多点和多种信号的优点,提出采用室内热舒适性控制取代室内温度控制的控制方案。仿真试验结果证明,同常规的室内温度控制方案相比,室内热舒适性控制方案可以较好地改善室内的热舒适性,同时,在保证室内热舒适性前提下,采用室内热舒适性控制方案不仅能够保证控制的稳定性,而且有较好的节能作用。     

空调房间气流组织的数值模拟研究

利用Fluent软件,从室内的速度场、温度场及室内CO_2浓度场分布出发,模拟研究了某一空调房间内置换通风和侧送风两种空调方式的差异性。结果表明:置换通风方式在提高人体热舒适性、改善工作区空气品质及节能等方面要优于侧送风方式。     

直流式空调系统节能设计的讨论与分析

以夏季工况为例,比较了直流式和混合式空调系统的冷量消耗,分析和讨论了直流式空调系统节能设计的三个关键：合理进行空调分区、分层及气流组织、正确计算和选择空调区域的送风量和对排风加装能量回收装置。     

小型太阳能吸收式空调的运行特性和室内热舒适性试验

在夏季典型工况下,对一个小型太阳能吸收式空调系统进行了试验研究.试验系统主要包括:96 m2的真空管集热器、额定制冷量为8 kW的吸收式制冷机、容量为3t的热水储水箱、500 L蓄冷水箱以及50 m2冷辐射吊顶.试验结果显示吸收式制冷机的制冷量平均为3.9 kW,每天达到的平均制冷时间为10 h.分析了室内的热舒适情况...     

Air flow and thermal comfort simulation studies of wind ventilated classrooms in Malaysia

A CFD software called VORTEX is used as a tool to simulate air flow and thermal comfort in naturally wind ventilated classrooms of an educational institution, which are at different locations, have different configurations and slightly differing outdoor environmental conditions. Simulations of the various classrooms are compared to get the most thermally comfortable and uncomfortable naturally ventilated classroom. An analysis of the simulations will be done, taking into consideration, among others, location of inlets and outlets and the sheltering effect of the surrounding built-up environment. Recommendations will then be made on how to improve the ventilation of the least comfortable room, based on hypothetical simulation results.     

Fuzzy control system for thermal and visual comfort in building

In the era of informational and technological breakthrough, the automatically controlled living and working environment is expected to become a commonly used service. This paper deals with dynamically controlled thermal and illumination responses of built environment in real-time conditions. The aim is to harmonize thermal and optical behaviour of a building by coordinating energy flows that pass through the transparent part of the envelope. For this purpose, a test chamber with an opening on the southern side was built. Changeable geometry of the opening is achieved by the automated external roller blind. A fuzzy control system enables the positioning of the shading device according to the desired indoor set points and the outdoor conditions. Through the experiments, the fuzzy controllers were tuned and gradually improved. Some sets of the experiments are presented here to illustrate the process.     

A new computer program for the prediction and analysis of human thermal comfort

This paper describes a new computer program, which was written for the prediction and analysis of human thermal comfort. The program incorporates six thermal comfort indices; three original and three modified versions of the original. The original indices are; Fanger's Comfort Equation, Sharma's Tropical Summer Index and Madsen's Equivalent temperature. Results produced by the program are presented in terms of the same PMV scale (Predicted Mean Vote). The six indices are, however, classified as three for summer and three for winter.     

Enthalpy estimation for thermal comfort and energy saving in air conditioning system

The thermal comfort control of a room must consider not only the thermal comfort level but also energy saving. This paper proposes an enthalpy estimation that is conducive for thermal comfort control and energy saving. The least enthalpy estimator (LEE) combines the concept of human thermal comfort with the theory of enthalpy to predict the load for a suitable setting pair in order to maintain more precisely the thermal comfort level and save energy in the air conditioning system.     

关于天津某高校夏季中央空调人体热舒适度的研究

高校是教学和科研的重要场所,热舒适度的高低会直接影响到工作和学习的状态及效率。通过对天津地区某高校GHP燃气空调的热舒适度进行分析,当空调设定温度为26℃时,利用PMV热舒适度计算方法计算出不同房间的热舒适度值都处于较舒适区域。另外,运用调查问卷的方式对高校师生进行了实际热舒适度的调查与分析,调查问卷结果与理论计算结果一致。结合理论计算结果与调查问卷结果,对不同的房间进行了个性化温度设置,通过对比运行数据,发现恰当的设置空调温度在提高师生热舒适度的同时还能节约能源。     

化纤厂暖通空调节能探讨

根据化纤厂暖通空调是能耗大户的特点，从热力系统、制冷系统、水系统、空调系统等方面进行分析，总结出耗能原因，并提出相应的节能措施。     

Effectiveness of the earth tube heat exchanger system coupled to a space model in achieving thermal comfort in rural areas

The aim of this work is to investigate by modelling the possibility of reducing the operational energy of a typical house without negatively affecting its embodied energy. This is done through consideration of different building materials coupled with the use of an earth to air heat exchanger (EAHE) for fresh air supply and cooling. For known indoor and outdoor conditions and for given building materials (thermal capacity and conductance), a ventilation controller determines the amount of flow rate needed to temperate the indoor air temperature to achieve thermal comfort. Different wall configurations are assumed for each of the living zone and the bedroom zone of the apartment. It is found that the use of an optimal wall configuration in each zone coupled with the EAHE results in 76.7% energy savings compared with the reference case with conventional cooling.