织物柔软性的主客观评价

针对目前织物柔软性评价方法不够完善的问题,探讨织物柔软性的主观和客观评价方法。主观评价方法选择秩位法;客观评价方法借助KES-F织物风格仪测试与织物柔软性有关的弯曲性能指标、剪切性能指标和压缩性能指标共7个力学指标作为评价指标,运用主成分分析方法,得出影响织物柔软性的显著因素,进而得到综合评价值,由综合评价值的大小对织物柔软性的优劣进行排序。通过比较发现客观评价得到的结果与主观评价结果有较好的一致性,客观评价较主观评价更为严密可靠。     

织物风格的研究现状及测试方法分析

介绍了织物风格的分类、研究现状及主观评价方法、客观评价方法和主一客观评价方法三种常用的评价方法的比较，分析了常见的织物风格的测试方法，重点论述了单项力学性能指标测试方法、多项力学性能指标测试方法及目前正在研究的一些新的测试技术和评价方法。     

基于图像处理的织物缝纫平整度客观评价

织物的缝纫平整度是决定服装外观的重要因素,但肉眼评价存在一定的主观性,且常用的AATCC Test Method 88B-2006标准样照仅分5个等级,限制了评价的精度。利用图像处理技术探讨了客观评价织物缝纫平整度的方法。试验对5种常见织物采用不同的抽褶量进行车缝,以产生不同的平整度外观,进行平整度主观评价后,再借助MATLAB图像处理技术,提取缝纫图像的多个统计参数与小波特征,对客观参数与主观评价结果进行相关分析,得到与主观评价结果相关性较好的客观参数。研究结果表明:小波分解5层时的水平细节系数标准差,即SH5与主观评价具有良好的一致性,可以作为取代主观评价的客观指标。     

涤/粘仿毛织物与精纺毛织物风格的主客观分类方法

针对涤/粘仿毛织物及精纺毛织物共15块织物,提出了3种不同的分类方法,即:主观分类方法、客观分类方法及主-客观分类方法,对这3种不同的分类方法及结果进行比较,同时深入研究了不同分类方法时不同种类面料的织物风格差异,并且探讨了涤/粘仿毛织物与精纺毛织物在分类时的织物风格差异。在分类过程中,利用主-客观方法将所有织物分为4类和5类,并且将分为4类的织物风格与分为5类的织物风格进行比较,认为将识物分为4类比较合适,同时分析各个类别之间的面料风格差异及组织参数特点。     

织物外观平整度测定方法用棉织物的适用性评价

织物洗后外观平整度是评价经洗涤、烘干、熨烫后服装外观质量的重要指标,其客观测定方法是多年来的研究热点,然而在洗涤、烘干、熨烫条件下,适用于测定织物洗后外观平整度预期用途的织物尚未确定。文章选择半漂(无抗皱整理)和免烫抗皱两种纯棉织物,经不同的洗涤程序洗涤、晾干后,依据AATCC124织物洗后外观平整度评价方法主观评级,评价两种织物的灵敏度;再将半漂纯棉织物经不同的洗涤和烘干程序处理,依据AATCC124主观评级,判断其精密度。结果表明,半漂纯棉织物在95%置信水平时,各组均值差的显著性值小于0.05;同一测试程序下,10块织物洗后外观平整度相对标准偏差小于10%,表明半漂纯棉织物具有足够的灵敏度及精密度,可用于测定织物洗后外观平整度的预期用途。     

PTT织物记忆效果测试方法

为建立较理想的关于PTT织物形状记忆效果的测试评价方法及表达指标,选择6类织物结构相近的代表性织物,设计了织物弧度塑形性的主观和客观评价方法,以及力刺激复平性能的客观试验方法。试验结果表明：织物弧度塑形性的主观和客观评价结果之间保持了较好的一致性,从而证明织物弧度塑形性的客观检测方法有实用价值;力刺激使织物复平的客观试验方法同时考虑了温度的影响,较好地模拟了人手摸复平的效果,既客观定量,又方便易行。     

竹原纤维织物热湿舒适性的灰色关联评价模型

为了采用常规测试方法对竹原纤维织物的热湿舒适性进行客观、全面地评价,根据织物热湿传递机制,对竹原纤维织物的透气量、透湿量、经纬向芯吸高度、保温率、传热系数指标进行测试,以客观表征织物的热湿性能。同时,采用主观评价法得到织物热湿舒适性的主观数据。运用灰色关联度法,将主客观评价结果结合起来处理,确定出各项客观热湿性能指标对主观评价值的权重系数,建立对竹原纤维织物热湿舒适性评价模型,经t检验判断该评判模型有效。     

织物表面刺扎程度的测试及评价方法

介绍了可用于织物表面刺扎程度评价的主观评价方法及测试结果的统计分析方法 ,分析了目前几种客观测试技术的原理和存在的局限性。提出主客观评价方法相结合的织物刺扎程度测试途径。     

两类织物筘痕的主客观测评

探讨棉织物和涤棉混纺织物筘痕的主客观测评效果。以22种棉织物和24种涤棉混纺织物为例,研究筘号、每筘穿入数、纬密等因素对织物筘痕的影响;对两类织物分别进行了主、客观测评。结果表明:客观测评织物的筘痕结果基本等同于主观测评的结果,且偏差小;筘号、每筘穿入数和纬密都对织物筘痕有一定影响,其中每筘穿入数对筘痕影响最大。认为:客观测评优于主观测评。     

棉型织物悬垂性主客观评价研究

选取47种具有代表性的棉型织物进行主客观评价。客观评价借助FAST织物风格仪测试弯曲性能、压缩性能、拉伸性能等指标,采用织物悬垂性测试仪测试织物的悬垂性指标,运用相关分析、回归分析建立棉型织物悬垂性的客观评价体系。主观评价进行秩位法分析,得出棉型织物悬垂性的优劣顺序。比较发现厚型棉型织物主客观评价结果存在较好的一致性。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press