低温染色助剂对CE型毛用活性染料染色的影响

采用水溶性有机磷化合物作为低温染色助剂,以Lanasol CE型毛用活性染料对羊毛纤维进行染色。结果表明,采用低温助剂对羊毛进行低温染色,其表面色深达到常规染色水平,提高了染料的上染百分率、利用率,染色后羊毛纤维的色牢度达到常规染色的色牢度。水溶性有机磷化合物对羊毛低温染色有良好的基础和发展前景。     

毛用活性染料羊毛低温染色工艺的研究

文章讨论了羊毛纤维在低温条件下(85～ 95℃),用α-溴代丙烯酰胺型毛用活性Lanasol染料染色应用的性能,主要研究了助剂、pH值、固色时间对低温染色工艺中染料上染百分率的影响.实验结果表明:Lanasol活性染料本身在常规染色中工艺简单,上染百分率较好,在低温染色实验中,经过改变助剂等参数并优化工艺后,使羊毛纤维上染百分率和固色率均有一定程度的提高;同时,由于使用的染色温度较低,羊毛纤维在染色后单纤断裂强力也得到改善;而且,通过助剂的优化,染色后纤维的牢度也得到提升.     

一浴两步法低温染色工艺在羊毛Lanasol CE染色中的应用

将自制的阳离子明胶蛋白助剂加入染浴中,对羊毛进行短暂处理,再加入染料进行同浴染色,优化出能有效提高羊毛上染百分率并保护羊毛性能的一浴两步法低温染色工艺。采用Lanasol CE系列染料通过一浴两步法低温染色工艺对羊毛纤维进行染色,对比一浴两步法低温染色工艺与传统染色工艺对羊毛纤维染色性能的影响。结果表明,一浴两步法低温染色工艺可以将羊毛染色温度从传统的98℃降低到85℃,很大程度上减少了羊毛纤维的损伤,染料的上染百分率和固色率均高于传统染色,匀染性与传统染色等级相当;并且染色工序简单,节约能源。     

超细羊毛的低温低损伤染色性能

为建立超细羊毛的低损伤染色工艺技术,采用低温染色助剂Miralan LTD,通过单因素实验研究了染色温度、染色时间、染浴pH值对纤维束强力、K/S值及染色牢度的影响,优化出了适合超细羊毛低损伤染色的Lanasol CE系列染料染色工艺,即染色温度为90 ℃,染色时间为70 min,pH值为4.0。结果表明,助剂Miralan LTD和Lanasol CE活性染料的结合使用,不但实现了羊毛纤维的低温染色,而且上染百分率较好,工艺简单,同时纤维断裂强力得到改善,减少了羊毛的损伤。采用该工艺条件,超细羊毛染色后的染色吸尽率可达到98 %以上,匀染性好,各项色牢度均达到4级以上,可以满足后道的生产加工要求。     

TCEP在CE型染料羊毛低温染色中的应用研究

以还原剂TCEP(三羧乙基膦)作为低温染色助剂,Lanasol CE型毛用活性染料对羊毛进行低温染色。通过对CE型活性染料的上染速率、染色羊毛的色差等实验指标的分析,探讨了TCEP用量、酸剂种类和用量对CE型活性染料低温染色工艺的影响。实验结果表明:TCEP的用量越大,CE型活性染料的上染速率越快,但对于不同的染料作用效果有差异;甲酸作为酸剂的染色效果优于醋酸;甲酸用量对于低温染色效果也有影响。最佳用量为:TCEP 3.0%(owf),甲酸1.5%~2.0%(owf)。     

毛用活性染料羊毛低温染色工艺

羊毛纤维在低温条件下(85～95℃),用α-溴代丙烯酰胺型毛用活性Lanasol染料进行染色,经过改变助剂、醋酸用量、温度等参数并优化工艺后,使羊毛纤维上染百分率和固色率均有一定程度的提高;同时,由于染色温度较低,羊毛纤维在染色后单纤断裂强力得到改善;并且,通过助剂的优化,染色后纤维的牢度也得到提升。     

毛用匀染剂WPN在高支羊毛染色中的应用

采用Lanasol CE系列染料对高支羊毛进行染色,研究毛用匀染剂WPN对染色效果的影响,并与Lanasol CE染料配套匀染剂Albegal B进行比较。结果表明,WPN可以显著降低高支羊毛在染色过程中的损伤,改善染色羊毛的手感;其染色羊毛单根纤维强力较Albegal B工艺可提高4.64%～10.59%;二者的匀染性能和对染料上染率、固色效果、K/S值和色牢度的影响程度相当。     

活性染料羊毛低温染色

用α 溴代丙烯酰胺型毛用活性染料Lanasol在低温条件下对羊毛纤维染色,探讨染色工艺条件对羊毛上染率和断裂强力的影响。其优化的染色工艺为：助剂M用量0.9%,醋酸用量1.2%,上染温度85 ℃,染色时间为70 min;固色时纯碱用量为0.4%。羊毛低温染色工艺具有较佳的上染率、固色率、K/S值、断裂强力和耐摩擦色牢度。     

助剂Miralan LTD在羊毛低温染色工艺上的应用

根据助剂Miralan LTD低温染色作用,制定羊毛低温染色工艺。采用助剂Miralan LTD在85℃下进行低温染色,可以减少对羊毛纤维的损伤,节约能源。通过对羊毛低温染色和常规染色进行对比,对染色羊毛的上染百分率、皂洗色牢度和干摩擦牢度、匀染性、强力进行测试,发现低温染色后纤维断裂强力提高,色牢度也有所改善,上染百分率、匀染性能达到与常规高温沸染相同的效果。该低温染色工艺对企业的实际生产具有一定的指导作用。     

羊毛纤维低温染色工艺的优化

羊毛纤维常规的沸染工艺会对羊毛纤维造成一定损伤,通过采用不同染色助剂,使常规的98℃(沸染)染色温度降低至75~80℃。减少染色时间20%~30%,并在上染率、染后强力、助剂用量、染色时间、染色温度等方面进行比较,最终筛选出低温助剂,摸索出适合低温助剂的染色工艺。结果表明,应用低温染色助剂可以使羊毛针织物在80~85℃下染得常规染色的表观深度,染色牢度达到了常规染色牢度等级,染透性达到常规染色水平,染色后羊毛单纤维断裂强力和伸长比常规染色工艺有明显提高。采取低温染色工艺最大限度地减少了染色对羊绒纤维的损伤,纤维强力比常规染色高出10%~15%,纤维的可纺性大大提高,而染色牢度与常规染色相比没有下降。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press