含葡萄糖基水溶性硫化黑的合成

本文以C．I．硫化黑1为原料，经葡萄糖还原成隐色体后，再与葡萄糖缩合，合成出含葡萄糖基水溶性硫化黑。合成方法分别采用了焙烘法和水介质中合成。结果表明，水介质中合成的含葡萄糖基水溶性硫化黑溶解度好于焙烘法。     

新刊导读

染料及有机颜料含葡萄糖基水溶性硫化黑的研究/王梅等∥大连理工大学学报.-2002,42(4).-428-430 以C.I.硫化黑1和葡萄糖为原料,在高温水介质中反应,合成出含葡萄糖基的水溶性硫化黑。反应经过两个过程:C.I.硫化黑1 先被葡萄糖还原成隐色体,隐色体再与葡萄糖醛基发生缩合反应。在130℃反应18h的条件下,染料     

含水溶液中的有机物的去除方法Rolt．John Mark（Advanced Minerals Corporation，USA）WO 02 22，508 2002，3，21-27页（英文）

提供了可基木上去除水中溶解的有机物的方法。该法是令水与一种合成的包括细菌、藻类、真菌，其中典型的成分包括内毒素。所谓含水溶液包括例如水、化学缓冲液、医药溶液、营养液、培养介质或生长介质。     

水溶性硫化黑BR染色性能和检验方法

本文介绍了硫化黑S-BR（水溶性硫化黑BR）的染色性能和染色方法。     

水溶性咪唑啉缓蚀剂的合成及缓蚀性能评价

以油酸和二乙烯三胺或三乙烯四胺为反应原料,首先进行酰胺化合成酰胺,再通过酰胺环化反应得到咪唑啉中间体,最后用亚磷酸二甲酯将油溶性的中间体进行转化得到水溶性的咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂。考察了咪唑啉中间体与季铵化试剂的物质的量比、季铵化温度和反应时间等对合成产品缓蚀性能的影响。用失重法测出合成的水溶性咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂在模拟油田水腐蚀介质中对碳钢的缓蚀率90%。     

聚合物

在含有四氯乙烯和丙烯分散剂的水介质中,例如水溶性全氟脂肪族羧酸盐的水介质中,用高能离子辐照法共聚四氟乙烯和丙烯,制得共聚物。辐照的剂量速率大约为10~3-10~6伦琴/小时.     

羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐的制备及其抑菌性能研究

以不同分子量的壳聚糖为原料合成了一种新型水溶性O-羧甲基-N-三甲基壳聚糖季铵盐(CMTMC),用FTIR表征了其结构,同时进行了抑菌实验.结果表明在水介质中CMTMC对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为1 μg·mL-1、1 μg·mL-1和2 μg·mL-1,在0.5%醋酸溶液介质中的抑菌效果比在水介质中更好.     

TRIS封端树枝状大分子PAMAM的合成

采用发散法合成了以乙二胺为核的树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM),以端基为酯基的半代PAMAM和三羟甲基氨基甲烷(TRIS)为原料,无水碳酸钾为催化剂,分别以二甲基亚砜和甲醇为溶剂,合成了端基被修饰的水溶性大分子PAMAM-OH和PAMAM-K,产率分别为80.3%和74.1%.采用红外光谱对产品结构进行了表征,同时对其水溶性和表面活性进行了初步的研究,结果表明:PAMAM被水溶性基团修饰后,失去了表面活性,却增强了水溶性.     

电沉积阳离子丙烯酸树脂的水溶性规律及其成漆性能研究

试验合成用于电沉积的阳离子丙烯酸树脂,研究了影响树脂水溶性和漆膜性能的因素。结果表明：共聚物中氨基是其水溶性能的基础,水溶性由氨基的含理决定,同时含差基的尖性单体,共聚物相对分子质量大小及分布,中和剂及助溶剂等也影响树脂的水溶性,共聚物的配比组成,变联剂以及固化条件对漆膜性能有很大影响。     

HMX/NTO基塑料粘结炸药的制备工艺

用溶液-水悬浮法和超临界CO2包覆法研究了HMX／NTO为基的塑料粘结炸药(PBX)的制备工艺,用组分分析和IR分析了制得的产品。结果表明,溶液-水悬浮法工艺不适合在水溶液中制备含NTO的PBX,而超临界流体包覆技术是制备NTO类水溶性炸药的无污染的有效途径。     

黄色透明热固性丙烯酸树脂的合成与性能研究

采用丙烯酸酯类和铬金属络合染料先配位后聚合的方法,合成了一种黄色热固性丙烯酸树脂,并用红外光谱表征其结构,然后用该树脂配漆并对金银丝进行了涂布处理。研究了该树脂与染料的结合方式以及该树脂配漆涂布后的性能。实验和检测的结果表明该树脂与染料的结合方式不同于传统的热固性树脂,且配漆后表现较好的柔韧性、摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度等,达到工业生产要求标准。     

Comparative studies of functionalized polyacrylamide/graphite composites for the removal of direct blue 2b from aqueous solution

In this study, we prepared glucose and glucosamine-grafted polyacrylamide (PAM)/graphite composites as adsorbents and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), SEM/EDAX, XRD and TGA analysis. Direct blue 2b dye removal by composites was investigated using kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies by varying adsorption parameters. The results manifest that glucosamine-grafted PAM/graphite composite was an efficient adsorbent for the expulsion of dye from aqueous medium. The Freundlich isotherm fits well with the equilibrium data. The pseudo second-order model was suitable for describing the kinetic data and equilibrium attained within 60 min. Thermodynamic analysis reveals that adsorption of dye is physical, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The recyclability study reveals that the regeneration efficiency of GA-g-PAM/graphite was maintained 85.35% up to eight cycles.     

两步法制备高性能水性树脂及其在烘烤型水性涂料中的应用

结合溶液聚合和乳液聚合的优点,采用两步聚合法合成了一种水性羟基丙烯酸树脂,所制备的水性树脂外观良好,黏度适中。动态光散射结果表明所合成的水性乳液平均粒径为122 nm,粒径分布均匀。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对合成水性树脂的结构进行表征,结果表明得到了预定结构的产物。差示扫描量热仪(DSC)表明两步聚合的产物的玻璃化温度均为30℃左右,与实验设计相符合。利用所合成的水性羟基丙烯酸树脂与氨基树脂R-717配制烘烤型水性清漆,FT-IR谱图验证了固化反应的发生。固化后的水性清漆性能测试结果表明,漆膜光泽高、硬度高、附着力好,耐冲击性能优异,耐水性和耐乙醇性较好,与国外同类产品制得的清漆性能相当,可应用于车架、机械零部件及卷尺等工业防腐装饰领域。     

Green and facile microwave assisted synthesis of (metal-free) N-doped carbon quantum dots for catalytic applications

Industrialization today leads to a significant increase in the environmental pollution, with number of phenols, pesticides, paints, solvents and other organic pollutants with potentially carcinogenic effect in natural resources. Investigation of some new semiconductor materials and their photocatalytic properties for removal of pollutants is a challenging work. However, limited usage of photoactive materials still requires the testing of new materials with photoactive properties. The current work introduces the swift and easy approach for synthesis of (metal–free) N–doped carbon quantum dots in water using microwave reactor. Synthesis was performed from glucose water solution by heating in microwave reactor for only 1 min, at low temperature and applied microwave power. The synthesized N–doped carbon quantum dots show remarkable photocatalytic activity for removal of toxic organic dye (Rose Bengal) under visible light irradiation. Almost 93% of the dye degradation is achieved after only 30 min of radiation. The uninspected result, that the pH of the medium has a significant effect on the performance of the synthesized material in the presence of organic dye, indicates that dots show dual behavior. In the neutral and basic conditions, they have the ability to degrade organic dye, whereas, by shifting the medium pH into acidic medium, they form a stable conjugate with Rose Bengal.     

Dye Attached Nanoparticles for Lysozyme Adsorption

In this work, Reactive Blue 15 dye functionalized poly(HEMA) nanoparticles were synthesized for reversible adsorption of lysozyme from its aqueous solution. For this, nano-sized poly(HEMA) nanoparticles were synthesized by the surfactant free emulsion polymerization. Reactive Blue 15 dye then covalently attached to the polymeric structure. These novel dye attached poly(HEMA) nanoparticles were used for the adsorption of lysozyme. Characterization of dye attached nanoparticles was carried out by using FTIR, AFM, and elemental analysis. Incorporation of the dye onto the polymeric structure was demonstrated by FTIR and elemental analysis, while the size and the shape of the nanoparticles were shown by AFM. The incorporated amount of the dye was found to be 70.3 μmol/g nanoparticle with sulphur stoichiometry and it was found that the prepared nanoparticles were in a spherical form and were about 100 nm diameter. Lysozyme adsorption studies were carried out with different conditions (pH, lysozyme concentration, temperature, and ionic strength) and maximum lysozyme adsorption was found to be 630.7 mg/g nanoparticle at pH 7.0 in 25°C medium temperature. Adsorbed lysozyme was desorbed by 1.0 M of NaCl with 96% recovery and synthesized dye-attached nanoparticles were used 10 times without any decrease in their adsorption capacity.     

Synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes supported manganese and cobalt zinc oxides nanoparticles for the photodegradation of malachite green

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) supported and unsupported bimetallic zinc and manganese oxides nanoparticles (Zn–Mn NPs) were synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method. Zn–Mn and MWNTs/Zn–Mn oxides NPs were used as photocatalysts for the photodegradation of malachite green in aqueous medium under UV irradiation. The photodegradation study of malachite green was carried out by UV/vis spectrophotometer. The Mn–Zn and MWNTs/Mn–Zn oxides NPs degraded about 93% and 96% of dye, respectively, within 2 h of irradiation time. Effect of several parameters like time, pH, catalyst dosage and concentration of dye on the photocatalytic degradation was studied. The optimum conditions were obtained at pH 9 (93% dye degraded in 1.5 h), at 0.0435 g of catalyst (76.04% of dye degraded in 1 h), at 12.5 ppm dye concentration (88.41% dye degraded in 45 min). The activity of recovered catalyst was also examined.     

Effect of glucose on photocatalytic decolorization of dyes by TiO2

The effect of saccharides, such as glucose, on the photocatalytic decolorization of various dyes has been investigated using TiO₂ as a photocatalyst in an aqueous solution saturated with nitrogen. An azo dye, such as Orangell, used as a typical dye, was reduced by cleavage of the azo linkage, as evidenced by the production of sulfanilic acid. All of the dyes tested were decomposed with first‐order kinetics. The rate constants of decolorization in the aqueous solution saturated with nitrogen increased with the addition of a saccharide such as glucose. Furthermore, the effect of the reductive saccharides on the photocatalytic decolorization of dyes was quantitatively correlated with their dispersion force. The reaction rate of the photocatalytic decolorization of dyes in the aqueous solution saturated with nitrogen, including glucose, is 7 times that in the solution saturated with oxygen.     

Preparation of starch/poly(N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) hydrogel and its use in dye removal from aqueous solutions

Starch/poly(N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) graft copolymer was synthesized by graft polymerizing N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate monomers onto cooked starch using ceric ammonium nitrate/nitric acid mixture as an initiator. After extracting the graft copolymer from the homopolymer and evaluating the graft yield, the graft copolymer was subjected to crosslinking treatment using epichlorohydrin in alkaline medium to convert it to hydrogel. The so prepared hydrogel was evaluated for its swelling ratio which was found to be 100. The hydrogel with its cationic functionality was tried for removing the anionic dye Direct Red 81 from its aqueous solution and all factors affecting the hydrogel adsorption capacity towards the anionic dye, like the hydrogel graft yield, the adsorbate pH, the immersion time and the hydrogel dose were studied. The data obtained from the adsorption results were found to fit well to the Langmuir adsorption model.     

吡啶二甲酸的合成及其应用

在含硫酸铜的酸性水溶液中,用氯酸钠作氧化剂,氧化喹啉得到2,3-吡啶二甲酸,产率为56·4%;以硫酸铜为催化剂,用浓硝酸在高温氧化异喹啉得到3,4-吡啶二甲酸,产率为71·4%,并讨论了影响合成的因素。在钼酸铵存在下,采用固相烘焙法,2,3-吡啶二甲酸和3,4-吡啶二甲酸分别与尿素和氯化亚铜作用得到了氮杂铜酞菁。实验发现,以3,4-吡啶二甲酸合成的氮杂铜酞菁在吡啶中具有较大的溶解度,最大吸收波长为673nm。     

Preparation of Aqueous Nanodispersions of Disperse Dye by High-Gravity Technology and Spray Drying

Disperse dyes are poorly water-soluble and difficult to stably disperse in an aqueous medium, which greatly limits their application in dyeing synthetic fibers. Micronization can solve this problem. Herein, a facile way to prepare stable aqueous nanodispersions of disperse dye (C.I. disperse yellow 54) is presented by combining high-gravity antisolvent precipitation in a rotating packed bed (RPB) with spray drying. The as-prepared product had an average particle size of 120 nm, which could be readily redispersed in water. Compared with raw dye, the wettability and dispersibility of disperse dye nanoparticles were remarkably improved. Furthermore, the dyeing properties of the nanodispersions were obviously better than those of the commercial dye, which was micronized by ball milling.