大豆蛋白高水分挤压组织化过程中操作参数对单位机械能的影响

以食用脱脂低温豆粕为原料,用响应面分析法,研究了DSE-25型双螺杆挤压机在大豆蛋白高水分挤压组织化过程中操作参数对单位机械能的影响。结果表明,机筒温度、物料水分含量、喂料速度和螺杆转速等操作参数对挤压机单位机械能均具有显著的影响。单位机械能耗(SME)随着机筒温度、物料水分含量和喂料速度的升高而降低,随螺杆转速的增加而增加;依据回归分析法建立的双螺杆挤压机系统参数的统计模型,具有较高的预测精度,可用于挤压过程的控制和挤压结果的预测。     

双螺杆挤压生产虾饲料的工艺参数研究

采用双螺杆挤压机,以糊化度、耐水性、膨化度和密度为主要指标,研究物料水分质量分数、喂料速度、螺杆转速、揉和区和熟化区的机筒温度对最终产品质量特性的影响.研究表明:随物料水分含量增加,产品糊化度增大,耐水性增强,膨化度变小,密度增大;随喂料速度和螺杆转速增加,产品糊化度和耐水性增强,膨化度变大,密度减小;随揉和区和熟化区的机筒温度升高,糊化度增大,耐水性增强,熟化区机筒温度对产品密度影响较大,温度降低则密度增大.挤压虾饲料的适宜加工工艺参数为:物料水分质量分数为26%～32%,喂料速度为30 r/min,螺杆转速为70 r/min,揉和区和熟化区机筒温度分别为130和50℃.     

高温脱脂花生粕双螺杆挤压组织化的工艺研究

利用响应面分析法,采用双螺杆挤压膨化机,以高温脱脂花生粕为原料,研究了双螺杆挤压组织化加工中操作参数对感官评定的影响,并通过优化与试验验证得到最佳工艺条件。结果表明:机筒温度、物料含水率、喂料速度、螺杆转速对产品的感官质量具有显著影响,感官评定随着机筒温度、物料含水率和喂料速度的升高均表现出先升后降的趋势,随着螺杆转速的升高则表现出降低的趋势。在机筒温度(第4区)147℃,物料含水率30%,喂料速度560 kg/h,螺杆转速340 r/min的条件下挤出物具有良好的组织化感官质量。     

操作参数对挤压组织化花生蛋白质构特性的影响

采用TXLL110型双螺杆挤压膨化机,以高温脱脂花生粕为原料,利用质地剖面分析(TPA)法,研究了机筒温度、物料含水率、喂料速度、螺杆转速对挤压组织化花生蛋白质构特性的影响。结果表明:随着机筒温度的升高,挤压组织化花生蛋白硬度、弹性、剪切力均呈现先升后降的趋势;随着物料含水率的增大,挤压组织化花生蛋白硬度、剪切力均下降,弹性先升后降;随着喂料速度的增大,挤压组织化花生蛋白硬度、弹性、剪切力均先升后降,弹性与剪切力降幅较小;随着螺杆转速的增大,挤压组织化花生蛋白硬度略有下降,弹性略有升高,剪切力先升高后略有下降;试验最佳的操作参数为机筒温度150℃,物料含水率30%,喂料速度550 kg/h,螺杆转速350 r/min。     

淡水鱼糜挤压膨化技术研究

本实验研究了不同加工温度、物料含水量、螺杆转速、喂料速度对挤压膨化产品系统参数扭矩、4区压力、5区压力、两区压力差的影响。研究表明:加工温度、物料含水量、螺杆转速、喂料速度对挤压膨化产品系统参数的影响,只有螺杆转速对两区压力差不显著,其余都达到极显著水平;随着加工温度、物料含水量、螺杆转速升高,扭矩、4区压力、5区压力、两区压力差呈大致降低趋势;随着喂料速度升高,扭矩、4区压力、5区压力、两区压力差呈现大致升高的趋势。     

大豆蛋白和鱼肉复合挤压工艺参数的优化研究

以大豆蛋白和鱼肉糜为原料,通过双螺杆挤压机制备复合蛋白产品。通过单因素实验,对复合蛋白物料含水率、螺杆挤压机的机筒五区温度、喂料速度以及螺杆转速进行考察,最后通过响应面设计优化得到最佳工艺参数。得到的最佳工艺参数为:物料含水率30%,喂料速度35 r/min,螺杆转速175 r/min,挤压机机筒五区温度为90℃→100℃→110℃→145℃→110℃。在最佳工艺参数条件下生产出的挤压产品指标为:组织化程度2.12,拉伸强度3 224.6 g,蛋白质含量67.9%,粗脂肪含量1.56%,蛋白质体外消化率87.4%。     

挤压工艺参数对犬粮产品质量影响的研究

以鸡肉、大米为制备犬粮的主要原料,研究机筒温度、物料水分含量、螺杆转速对挤压膨化犬粮品质指标(蛋白消化率、糊化度)的影响本研究首先以挤压参数为双螺杆挤压机的机筒温度、物料水分含量和螺杆转速进行单因素实验进而根据单因素实验结果进行正交实验,并确定出最佳工艺参数研究得出的三个参数的最佳组合为:机筒温度为80-100-130-140℃;物料水分含量为26％;螺杆转速为150r/min 本研究结果对于应用双螺杆技术控制犬粮生产加工的产品质量方面具有一定的理论指导作用.     

谷朊粉高水分挤压组织化工艺参数优化

以谷朊粉为原料,通过正交设计,使用双螺杆挤压机,研究谷朊粉高水分挤压组织化工艺。采用主成分分析方法,综合评价谷朊粉挤压组织化产品性状,优化谷朊粉挤压组织化工艺。结果表明:采用主成分分析法可进行谷朊粉挤压组织化产品质量的综合评价。挤压工艺参数对组织化产品综合得分影响的程度从大到小依次为:螺杆转速机筒温度喂料速率物料含水率。优化的谷朊粉挤压组织化工艺参数为:螺杆转速160 r/m in,物料含水率45%,喂料速率15 g/m in,机筒温度170℃。     

双螺杆挤压亚麻籽粕脱除生氰糖苷的研究

利用BrabenderDSE-25双螺杆挤压机对亚麻籽粕进行了挤压脱除生氰糖苷的试验,考察了加工条件(水分含量、加工温度、螺杆转速、喂料速度)对系统参数(扭矩、4区压力、5区压力)和脱毒效果的影响。结果表明,使用双螺杆挤压处理能达到使生氰糖苷降解脱毒的目的,合理的脱毒工艺参数:水分含量30%,加工温度80-120-130-140-150℃,螺杆转速120r/min,喂料速度18r/min,总氰化物脱除率为96.59%,生氰糖苷含量由257.85mg/kg降低至8.79mg/kg。     

降解玉米中黄曲霉毒素B_1的挤压工艺参数优化

以污染黄曲霉毒素的玉米为原料,采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验研究双螺杆挤压工艺参数。考察挤压膨化加工过程中挤压温度、物料水分、喂料速度和螺杆转速对黄曲霉毒素B1降解的影响。在此基础上对变量进行响应面分析,得出最佳挤压参数:机筒温度163℃、物料水分25%、喂料速度48 g/min和螺杆转速145 r/min。此条件下黄曲霉毒素B1降解率达39.6%。     

Effects of extrusion conditions on secondary extrusion variables and physical properties of fish, rice-based snacks

A formulation containing rice flour, fish powder, menhaden oil and vitamin E was extruded at a feed rate of 10 kg/h using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Primary extrusion (independent) variables were temperature (125-145 °C), screw speed (150-300 rpm) and feed moisture (19-23 g/100 g db). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the effects of extrusion conditions on secondary extrusion variables (product temperature, pressure at the die, motor torque, specific mechanical energy input and mean residence time) and physical properties of the extrudates. Second-order polynomial models were computed and used to generate contour plots. Increasing feed moisture and screw speed decreased pressure at the die. Increased screw speed increased product temperature at the die but increased feed moisture lowered it. Increased barrel temperature, feed moisture and screw speed decreased motor torque. Increased screw speed increased specific mechanical energy, while increased feed moisture reduced it. Longer mean residence times were observed at lower screw speeds. Product density increased as feed moisture increased, but decreased with screw speed. Increased feed moisture decreased radial expansion.     

Numerical simulation of the extrusion process for food materials in a single-screw extruder

A numerical study of extrusion cooking of starch based materials in a single-screw extruder is carried out. The low moisture levels and high temperatures typically encountered in practical circumstances are considered. The starch conversion process is studied in the rheological region of the extruder which is often the last few turns of the screw, where the material is treated as a non-Newtonian fluid. A numerical method based on finite-difference approximation is employed to solve the governing non-linear equations for momentum, energy and mass conservation for a non-Newtonian fluid undergoing physicochemical changes. The initial conditions for the problem are taken from experimental observations. The screw configuration and the operating parameters, such as barrel temperature, screw speed and throughput, are varied to study their influence on the conversion of starch. It is found that 28% conversion is obtained due to viscous dissipation alone, whereas 61% conversion occurs by raising the barrel temperature by about 25 °C above the inlet. It is also observed that, at any screw speed, a smaller flow rate caused by a smaller die diameter leads to a higher degree of conversion. Furthermore, it is found that the compression ratio of the screw has a significant influence on pressure rise, bulk temperature and average residence time. As the compression ratio increases the temperature increases but the residence time decreases. The former effect increases the degree of conversion where as the latter decreases the degree of conversion. Therefore there exists a compression ratio at which a minimum degree of conversion at the die is obtained.     

玉米膨化食品加工参数研究

以玉米糁为材料，采用DSE-25型双螺杆挤压膨化实验室工作站为加工设备，分析了加工温度和物料含水量对扭矩、压力、膨化率和产品含水量的影响。结果表明，在试验设计的加工温度和物料含水量范围内，加工温度和物料含水量对螺杆扭矩、第4区压力、第5区压力、产品膨化率和含水量都有极显著影响。加工温度对第4区压力影响较大；物料含水量对扭矩、第5区压力、产品膨化率和含水量影响较大。随着加工温度上升，物料含水量增加，扭矩、压力、产品膨化率降低；随着加工温度升高，物料含水量下降，产品含水量降低。     

Effects of Processing Conditions on Single Screw Extrusion of Feed Ingredients Containing DDGS

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), a feed coproduct from the fuel ethanol industry, has been shown to be a viable potential alternative protein source for aquaculture feeds. To investigate this, three isocaloric (3.5kcal/g) ingredient blends containing 20, 30, and 40% DDGS, with a net protein adjusted to 28% (wet basis, wb), were prepared for use as Nile tilapia feed. Extrusion processing was then conducted using three DDGS contents (20, 30, and 40%, wb), three moisture contents (15, 20, and 25%, wb), three barrel temperature gradients (90–100–100°C, 90–130–130°C, and 90–160–160°C), and five screw speeds (80, 100, 120, 140, and 160rpm) using a single screw laboratory extruder. Several processing parameters, including mass flow rate, net torque required, specific mechanical energy consumption, apparent viscosity, and temperature and pressure of the dough inside the barrel and die, were measured to quantify the extrusion behavior of the DDGS-based blends. For all blends, as the temperature profile increased, mass flow rate exhibited a slight decrease, die pressure decreased, and apparent viscosity exhibited a slight decrease as well. Likewise, the net torque requirement, specific mechanical energy consumption, and apparent viscosity decreased as screw speed increased, but mass flow rate increased. Additionally, as moisture content increased, die pressure decreased. At higher temperatures in the barrel and die, the viscosity of the dough was lower, leading to lower torque and specific mechanical energy requirements. Increasing the DDGS content, on the other hand, resulted in a higher mass flow rate and decreased pressure inside the die. As demonstrated in this study, the selection of suitable temperature and moisture content levels are critical for processing DDGS-based ingredient blends.     

挤压花生蛋白品质特性的加工因素研究

基于Box-Behnken响应面模型,研究花生蛋白挤压过程中挤压参数（机筒温度、螺杆转速、物料水分）对产品品质（膨胀率、吸水性指数、氮溶解指数、硬度）的影响,并根据标准型原理分析单因素对产品品质的贡献率。结果表明,随着机筒温度、螺杆转速、物料水分的上升,产品膨胀率不断增加;机筒温度和螺杆转速对产品的吸水性指数影响显著;高温、高湿、高剪切力使产品的氮溶解指数和硬度处于较低的水平。利用转化为标准型的回归方程计算出机筒温度对膨胀率的贡献率为59.3%,螺杆转速对硬度贡献率为54.5%。物料水分对吸水性指数和氮溶解指数具有决定性的作用。通过调整挤压操作参数,可以一定范围内控制挤压蛋白产品品质。     

EFFECT OF EXTRUSION OPERATING PARAMETERS ON AIR BUBBLE ENTRAPMENT

The effect of different extrusion operating parameters on air bubble entrapment during twin‐screw extrusion of amylopectin half‐products was studied. A ZSK‐30 twin‐screw corotating extruder with a slit die attached to the discharge end of the extruder to cool the extrudate to prevent water vapor puffing was used. The extrusion parameters investigated were screw speed (150, 300 and 500 rpm), mass flow rate (1.67 and 3.33 g s^?1), native versus pregelatinized amylopectin, screw configuration (with or without kneading blocks), and moisture content (32 and 35%, w.b.). The parameters that exerted the greatest effect on air bubble entrapment during twin‐screw extrusion are the type of amylopectin used, mass flow rate and screw speed. On the other hand, in the ranges studied screw configuration and moisture content did not show any significant effect on air bubble entrapment. Explanations for these results are interpreted with the aid of the barrel fill length mechanism proposed by Cisneros and Kokini (2001).     

低聚异麦芽糖为基质挤压法制备玻璃化抗坏血酸胶囊

采用挤压法制备了低聚异麦芽糖为基质的抗坏血酸(AA)玻璃化胶囊.选择了10%和16%两种AA质量分数的配方,在螺杆转速60 r/min,喂料速度1 kg/h的条件下,研究了3种挤压腔温度时的挤压工艺.探讨了挤压过程中电机扭拒、模头压力等的变化规律.差式扫描量热法、X射线对产品性质进行了表征.对挤压产品产率和载量等理化指标进行了分析.结果表明:提高挤压腔温度可以减小电机扭矩和模头压力.AA质量分数对3种温度条件下的电机扭矩影响较小.当挤压腔为中温和低温时,AA质量分数的增加可以使模头压力减小.两种质量分数的AA得到了很好的包埋,挤压产物的玻璃化转变温度随着AA质量分数增加而降低.X射线表明AA以溶解形式分散于基质中,形成了固溶体.