Ti-15-3合金热变形实验研究

在Cleeble-1500热模拟机上对Ti-15-3合金试样进行了热压缩试验,根据压力应变曲线研究了该合金在高温时的流动特性,由金相观察分析了热变形参数对该合金组织的影响。此研究结果对确定Ti-15-3合金锻造工艺参数提供了重要依据。     

HAL62—3—3—0.7合金的高温本构方程

采用压缩试验法研究了HAL62-3-3-0.7合金的热变形规律，在不同的变形参数条件下，根据其真实σ-ε曲线拟合了可以反映HAL62-3-3-0.7合金流变应力与各变形参数之间关系的高温本构方程，研究结果表明：HAL62-3-3-0.7合金热变形的流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小，在变形过程中，应力很快达到高峰，而后出现软化过程，其真实σ-ε曲线趋于平缓，证明该合金在高变形速率的条件下动态再结晶过程十分明显。     

合金元素对TiAl合金高温氧化行为的影响

研究了合金元素Nb、Cr、Ag元素对TiAl合金900℃在空气中的高温氧化性能的影响．高温氧化试验存热天平上进行．结果表明，Ti-46．5Al-5Nb合金在900℃形成的氧化膜具有与TiAl合金同样的分层结构，不同之处在于本研究合金形成连续的保护性Al2O3内阻挡层，从而使膜的增长速率相对TiAl合金有所下降．Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag在900℃氧化形成连续的保护性Al2O3层，它的抗氧化性优于Ti-46．5Al-5Nb从氧化机理分析了合金相同条件下氧化程度不同的原因．     

热变形参数对Ti-15-3合金流动应力的影响

在Ｇｌｅｅｂｌｅ－１５００热模拟机上对Ｔｉ－１５－３合金试样进行了热压缩试验,以获得不同应变、应变速率和温度下材料的流动应力。根据相应的应力曲线研究了该合金在高温时的流动特性,并采用神经网络的方法建立了该合金高温变形抗力与应变、应变速率和温度对应关系的预测模型。结果表明,神经网络能够较精确地预测材料的流动应力。     

FGH96合金的热变形行为及其热加工图

通过热压缩试验研究了FGH96粉末高温合金在应变速率为0.001~0.1 s-1,变形温度为1000~1 100℃条件下的热成形性能,建立了FGH96的热变形方程。综合考虑变形温度和应变速率对FGH96合金的变形行为和可加工性的影响,基于动态材料模型建立了应变为0.07~0.5的能量耗散图,根据稳定性判据得到非稳定区,将两者叠加,就构成FGH96的热加工图。根据热加工图确定了实际可行的热变形工艺参数范围。     

应用Zener－Hollomon因子探讨Ti－17的高温压缩行为

用热模拟压缩方法测得Ｔｉ－１７合金在温度为８０５～９４５℃、应变速率ε为１０－３～８０ｓ－１、变形程度。在５０％范围内的真应力─应变曲线，研究了不同温度、不同应变速率下的流动应力及组织变化规律。发现：β区变形是以扩散国复型变形机制占主导地位，在高温、低应变速率下易发生连续再结晶；在（α＋β）两相区变形以位错滑移机制为主，低温、高应变速率时发生动态再结晶；近β区是两种机制的综合作用。试验还应用Ｘｉｎｅｒ－Ｈｏｌｌｏｍｏｎ因子确定了发生连续再结晶的临界因子ｌｏｇＺｃ＝４１．２，从而表明连续再结晶与高温回复形成亚结构有关。     

阻燃钛合金Ti40的热加工与力学性能研究

研究了Ti40(Ti-25V-15Cr-0．4Si)阻燃钛合金的热加工与力学性能的关系，运用扫描电镜(SEM)及能量散射谱仪(EDS)对其热压、室温及高温拉伸、热稳定及蠕变断口进行了形貌观察与微区成分定量分析。结果表明，多向大变形加工有利于Ti40合金组织均匀性及力学性能的提高；Ti40合金具有一定的耐热性，且在不同试验条件下呈现不同的断裂特征；断口上存在的Fe、C、O、S等杂质元素是导致合金过早断裂的内在原因，设法提高冶金质量是改善合金加工性能及力学性能的关键之一。     

Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金热压缩变形行为研究

针对高功率柴油发动机活塞在高温下变形和烧蚀严重,导致活塞早期失效,使用寿命不能满足设计要求的问题,文中采用光学显微镜(OM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热模拟实验机等实验仪器,研究了在不同热压缩变形参数下,Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金显微组织以及流变应力的变化规律,利用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数来描述Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金热压缩变形流变应力行为。研究结果表明:该合金在高温压缩变形过程中存在动态回复和动态再结晶现象,流变应力值随应变速率的增大而增大,随温度的升高而减少;在高温低应变速率下,组织形貌由于动态再结晶而形成完整的亚晶结构;该合金的热变形激活能Q=294.08 kJ·mol~(-1),建立了Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金热压缩变形条件下的流变应力本构方程。     

Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金中β斑点的研究

本文从变形温度、变形程度、变形速度和热处理固溶等诸因素的影响出发,对近β型的Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金中出现β斑点的原因进行了研究,发现Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al的β斑点不仅与原材料化学成分不均匀有关,还与热加工工艺有关,铁偏析是形成β斑点的潜在因素,但合理选择热工艺参数可以减轻或抑制β斑点的出现。     

变形工艺对CSP微合金高强度钢组织和性能的影响

在热模拟实验机上进行不同变形温度和冷却速度试验，研究低温区变形温度和冷却工艺对CSP生产线上微合金高强度钢的组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明，变形应在单相奥氏体区内完成，适当降低变形温度有利于得到细小均匀的贝氏体组织；冷却速度对贝氏体组织有明显影响，冷却速度越快，贝氏体组织越细小，强度越高。     

Microstructure and flow stress of Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy

The microstructure and flow stress of the Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy was investigated by compression test at temperatures ranging from 350 to 500 ℃ and the strain rates ranging from 0.01 to 20 s-1. The flow stress of the magnesium alloy increased with strain rate and decreased with deformation temperature. Flow stress can be expressed in terms of the Zener-Hollomon parameter Z, which describes the combined influence of the strain rate and temperature using an Arrhenius function.The values of the deformation activation energy were estimated to be 245.9 and 171.5 kJ/mol at deformation temperatures below 400 ℃ and above 400 ℃, respectively. Two constitutive equations were developed to quantify the effect of the deformation conditions on the flow stress of the magnesium alloy. The effects of deformation temperature and strain rate on the microstructure of the magnesium alloy were also examined and quantified by measuring the volume fraction of dynamically recrystallized grain Xd. Xd increased with increasing of deformation temperature. When the deformation temperature was below 475 ℃, Xd decreased with strain rate until it reached 0.15 s-1, then it increased again. When the deformation temperature was above 475 ℃, Xd increased with strain rate.     

Rheological behavior of continuous roll casting process of aluminum alloy

The rheological behavior of aluminum alloy and its influencing factors in physical simulation of continuous roll casting process were studied by using a Gleeble-1500 thermal-mechanical simulation tester with a set of special clamp system. The relationships between the flow stress and the strain rate in the deformation process of simulating roll casting experiment were obtained. The results show that four different characteristic stages exist in the temperature range of the whole rheological process. The first occurs when the temperature is higher than 600℃, which belongs to the creep deformation stage; the second occurs when the temperature lies in the range of 500 - 600℃, and it can be regarded as the high temperature and low stress level deformation stage; the third occurs when the temperature decreases to the range of 300 - 500℃, it is considered to be the middle stress level deformation stage; the last occurs when the temperature is less than 300℃ and the strain rate is less than 1.00 s^-1 , it belongs to middle stress level deformation stage. But when the strain rate is larger than 1.00 s^-1, it belongs to the high stress level deformation stage. And the relative constitutive models suitable for the four different stages of continuous roll casting process were established through multivariate linear regression analysis of the experimental data.     

Property and microstructure analysis of ZK60 alloy superplastic sheet

It was investigated that the superplastic mechanical properties of fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy sheets at the temperature range of 200-420 ℃ and strain rate range of 5.56 × 10-4 -5.56 ×10-2 s-1 by tensile tests.And the microstructure evolution during the superplastic deformation of ZK60 magnesium alloy was examined by metallurgical microscope and transmission electronic microscope (TEM).The results showed that fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy starts to exhibit superplasticity from 250 ℃ and the maximum elongation is about 1106% at 400 ℃ and 5.56 × 10-4 s-1.The strain rate sensitivity is significantly enhanced with the increase of temperature and with the decrease of strain rate.The predominate superplastic mechanism of ZK60 magnesium alloy is grain boundary slide (GBS) at the temperature range of 300-400 ℃.The grains of ZK60 alloy remain equaxial after superplastic deformation,and dynamic continuous recrystallization (DCRX) is an important softening mechanism and grain stability mechanism during the superplastic deformation of the alloy.The curved grain boundaries and crumpled bands at grain boundaries after deformation prove GBS generates during superplastic deformation of ZK60 magnesium alloy.     

Al-1Mn-1Mg合金热变形过程中的动态软化行为研究

研究了Al-1Mn-1Mg合金不同变形下的流变应力曲线和微观结构特征,探讨了该铝材在热变形过程中的动态软化行为。结果表明,应变速率为0.1 s-1时,若变形温度较低,则发生了动态回复;若变形温度高于723 K,产生明显的动态再结晶;变形温度为673 K时,在低应变速率条件下,产生动态再结晶,应变速率高于0.1 s-1,软化过程具有动态回复和动态再结晶的混合特征。当应变速率高于5.0 s-1时,产生几何动态再结晶。     

1420铝锂合金超塑性行为

以1420铝锂合金作为实验材料,通过改变应变速率来探求最佳的超塑性变形条件,即延伸率大幅度提高和获得变形均匀的细小微观组织。研究发现当温度为480℃,应变速率为3×10-4s-1时可以获得最佳超塑性变形状态,此时延伸率δ=550％,流变应力σ=1.9MPa。同时通过金相分析以及TEM微观组织观察发现,在此条件下的组织等轴性好同时晶粒分布细小均匀,出现了细小的再结晶亚晶粒,有助于超塑性变形的进行。     

温度与应变率对Cu70 Zn30孪晶变形的影响

为了研究孪晶变形过程中孪晶间距与孪晶片层厚度随温度与应变率变化情况,建立一个关于Cu70 Zn30的流动应力本构方程,其中流动应力分为短程应力与长程应力,短程应力用Johnson Cook模型描述,长程应力采用幂次强化法则,运用Matlab软件模拟了Cu70 Zn30在不同温度与不同应变率的条件下的孪晶变形,得出了孪晶变形过程中孪晶间距与孪晶片层厚度在不同条件下的演化曲线,通过对比实验结果,证实了低温与高应变率均能促进孪晶变形,其效果随着温度的降低与应变率的升高而增强;相对于应变率的影响,温度的降低更能促使孪晶的生长,孪晶间距的大小与孪晶片层的厚度随着温度的降低与应变率的升高而减小.     

高温高应变率下AM60B镁合金力学性能及失效行为

为了研究镁合金在高温、高应变速率下的变形行为及失效机制,采用分离式Hopkinson压杆在应变速率为1 600~4 500 s^-1、温度为27~150 ℃范围内,对真空压铸AM60B镁合金进行了动态压缩实验,并采用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对压缩后的组织进行了观察.结果表明:在所测试的应变范围内,随着应变率的提高,应力-应变曲线均呈现上升趋势,且最大应变也随之增加,表现出正应变率强化效应.在150 ℃时真空压铸AM60B镁合金变形能力最好; 50 ℃时断裂强度最高.真空压铸AM60B镁合金在高温及高应变率下的断裂方式为以解理断裂为主并伴有韧性断裂的混合断裂方式.当变形温度低于150 ℃时,真空压铸AM60B镁合金在高应变率压缩下的变形机制主要是滑移.     

多胞缓冲材料本构模型与应用进展

为了科学地设计汽车、航空、头盔及运输包装缓冲结构,以得到最优的结果,针对常用的泡沫、蜂窝及复合结构等,介绍各种缓冲结构的压缩性能表征、本构方程与工程运用的研究现状.针对泡沫结构的压缩性能,介绍泡沫结构的试验压缩响应与数值模拟方面的研究进展.结果表明：相对密度、环境温度、压缩应变率及微观结构等参数对泡沫的缓冲性能影响显著.相对密度越大,泡沫结构的屈服应力越大,吸收能量的能力越大;泡沫的吸收能量能力一般随环境温度的增加而减小;由于泡沫的基体材料表现率相关性,应变率增加导致吸收能量能力的增加;当微观结构不同时,泡沫的细胞分布导致结构的缓冲性能差异显著.针对蜂窝结构,介绍蜂窝结构的有限元模拟方面研究进展.介绍了填充管吸收能量结构和层状缓冲系统的工程运用以及所涉及到的一些优化方法．     

Hot-compression behavior of Al alloy 5182

Hot-compression of aluminum alloy 5182 was carried out on a Gleeble-1500 thermo-simulator at deformation temperatureranging from 350 °C to 500 °C and at strain rate from 0.01 s 1to 10 s 1with strain range from 0.7 to 1.9. The microstructures andmacro-textures evolution under different conditions were investigated by polarized optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis,respectively. The basic trend is that the hot-compression stress increases with the decrease of temperature and increase of strain rate,which is revealed and elucidated in terms of Zener-Hollomon parameter in the hyperbolic sine equation with the hot-deformationactivation energy of 143.5 kJ/mol. An empirical constitutive equation is proposed to predict the hot-deformation behavior underdifferent conditions. As deformation temperature increases up to 400 °C, at strain rate over 1 s 1, dynamic recrystallization (DRX)occurs. Cube orientation {100} 001 is detected in the recrystallized sample after hot-compression.     

Effect of twinning on flow stress during initial stage of hot compression of twin roll cast Mg-5.51Zn-0.49Zr alloy

A Thermecmastor-Z hot deformation simulator,optical microscopy,XRD and TEM were employed to characterize the flow stress behavior and microstructure of twin roll cast ZK60 magnesium alloy during initial stage of hot compression at elevated temperature of 300 ℃ and 400 ℃ and a given strain rate of 10-2s-1.The results suggest that flow stress drop during initial stage of hot compression at 300℃,generally led by dynamic recrystallization,is attributed to twinning,correspondingly to dynamic recrystallization as...