江西农村沼气可持续发展的展望

推进农村沼气建设的转型升级,促进沼气产业的可持续发展,对保障农产品质量安全和农业节能减排,具有重要的意义。通过分析制约我省沼气产业发展的主要问题,探讨新形势下农村沼气产业的新模式、新政策和新标准,明确农村沼气发展的新思路。将沼气产业作为天然气的消费缺口和部分补充,纳入天然气的中长期发展规划,提高沼气产业发展战略地位,是沼气产业的未来发展方向。完善前端建设补贴,制定后端产品补贴扶持政策,优化产业模式,强化科技创新,是农村沼气转型升级的关键,是沼气产业可持续发展的动力所在。     

在西部大开发中云南商品化沼气池前景广阔

农村沼气发展正好与云南省建设绿色经济强省的发展思路相适应 ;“十五”期间 ,云南省每年将新增农村户用沼气池 10万口 ,开发和推广商品化沼气池的时机已经成熟 ,加大商品化沼气池的发展 ,有利于培育沼气产业 ;商品化沼气的推广应用 ,有利于沼气建设的健康、稳定和快速发展 ;大力开展沼气综合利用 ,有利于农村经济和可持续农业的发展。     

在西部大开发中云南商品化化沼气池前景广阔

农村沼气发展正好与云南省绿色经济强省的发展思路相适应；“十五”期间，云南省每年将新增农村户用沼气池10万口，开发和推广商品化沼气池的时机已经成熟，加大商品化沼气池的发展，有利于培育沼气产业；商品化沼气的推广应用，有利于沼气建设的健康、稳定和快速发展；大力开发沼气综合利用，有利于农村经济和可持续农业的发展。     

农村沼气后续服务管理模式的探讨

农村沼气建设,是发展现代农业的有效途径,实现农村节能减排的有效措施.沼气后续服务体系建设是实现农村沼气快速、健康发展的重要保障.通过分析目前农村沼气服务体系建设中存在问题,总结近年来农村沼气服务体系建设的经验,提出设立沼气维修基金和构建“协会+网点+农户”运行模式,加强制度监督等,破解当前沼气服务体系运行过程中各种矛盾,从而实现沼气建设由“重建设轻管理”向“建管并重”、“以用促建”的良性发展和促进沼气后续服务体系的规范化、专业化、物业化和市场化.     

云南沼气建设及商品化发展思路

开发和推广商品化沼气池的时机已经成熟，加大商品化沼气的发展有利于培育沼气产业；商品化沼气池的推广应用有利于沼气建设的健康、稳定和快速发展；大力开展沼气综合利用，有利于农村经济和农业的可持续发展。     

发展沼气集中供气是推进农村清洁能源的重要途径

通过开化县发展农村沼气集中供气的探索与实践,论述山区农村推进沼气集中供气,对促进农村发展清洁能源、资源节约、环境保护和农民增收成效显著,为推进节能减排、建立低碳农村将发挥极其重要的作用。     

我国沼气发展的区域差异及影响因素分析

文章根据收集的2013年全国各省、直辖市沼气发展相关数据,深入分析了我国沼气发展的区域特点,并针对我国沼气的健康发展提出相应建议。研究表明:各地区农村经济发展水平、农村劳动力转移情况以及地区发展沼气适宜性是导致我国农村沼气发展存在区域差异的重要因素;不同地区经济发展水平不同是导致小型沼气工程发展规模存在区域差异的重要因素;服务体系较发达地区与欠发达地区正常运作的沼气工程比例无明显差异,说明我国沼气服务体系不完善,未能发挥应有作用。根据研究结果,提出了通过向经济不发达但适宜发展沼气的地区提供资金和技术支持,培养专业人才队伍,完善服务体系,促进我国沼气事业健康发展的政策建议。     

农村沼气发展前景技术经济分析

沼气是一个既受本身技术发展也受各种社会因素影响的综合性事业.搞好农村沼气技术经济发展前景分析,对于进一步促进我国农村沼气事业的发展具有积极重要的意义.1 农村沼气发展现状我国农村沼气通过10多年来的努力,沼气建设已逐步进入健康发展的轨道,取得了可喜的成绩.其主要体现在:(1)农村沼气地数量有了进展、质量不断提高.1993年,户用沼气池保有量达到525万个,连续3年正增长,净增超过20万户;建大中型沼气工程633处,集中供应沼气户数达8.4万户.     

中国农村沼气能源站将引发史无前例的农村革命

近年来,沼气工程(分布式沼气能源站)在我国得到迅速发展,不仅是为了解决农村用能和环境污染,也是促进三农发展的需要,这一点已在业内达成共识,并引起许多有志之士的关注。就促进三农发展而言,沼气能源站的建设将引发多场革命。     

“企业+农户”的沼气工程建设与运营模式初探

农村沼气建设是改善农村环境,促进农民增收,加快新农村建设步伐的有效途径。文章综合阐述了当前农村沼气建设与利用现状,指出了在沼气工程建设与运营中存在的重建设轻管理、重沼气利用轻沼液沼渣利用以及系统效益低等问题,提出了各类沼气工程联合发展,厌氧发酵工艺与新型沼肥开发技术系统集成的方案,即"企业+农户"的沼气工程建设与运营模式。     

A review of the biogas industry in China

This article presents an overview of the development and future perspectives of the Chinese biogas industry. The development of the industry has the potential to improve the rural environment and produce significant amounts of sustainable energy for China. Barriers to the development are the relatively weak environmental policies, imperfect financial policies and lack of long-term follow-up services. The rapid economic development of China has also seen a development in the scales of biogas plants constructed. Although the technology has been improved, this review has identified problems in the construction and operation of Chinese biogas plants, particularly in the efficiency of household systems. All levels of China's government acknowledge this and recent biogas projects have more focus on quality and less on the quantity. The intention is to gradually introduce stricter environmental policies, to provide better service systems, improve the financial policies that support the construction and follow-up service of biogas projects, promote the use of standardized engineering equipment and materials and standards for plant construction and production. This will promote the development of biogas projects at various scales further, and reduce the dependency on fossil fuels and emissions of greenhouse gases.     

Insights into the production potential and trends of China's rural biogas

China, one of the countries in the world abundant in agricultural wastes, has a great potential for rural biogas production. As a strategy for building a new socialist countryside and sustainable agriculture in rural China, the development of biogas is an important means to convert agricultural wastes to clean and safe energy, thereby reducing the need for fossil fuel and alleviating environmental pollution. This study presents an assessment of the biogas production potential, its current development state, and perspectives of agricultural wastes in rural China. Estimated data show that annual biogas potential from agricultural wastes is approximately (3350.58 ± 669.28) × 10⁸ m³ (equal to 239.22 ± 47.78 million tons of equivalent standard coal); such potential has been underutilized in the past. By analyzing and summarizing the direction for future development and various benefits of rural biogas in China, we present burning questions and countermeasures for biogas development and recommend that the future development of rural biogas in China should focus on both household‐scale and large‐scale development, giving priority to the establishment of large‐scale biogas engineering and biogas plants, improvement of biogas comprehensive utilization level, and construction of a reticular model of systemized green agricultural engineering linked with biogas to solve completely the problem of agricultural waste accumulation and improve the living conditions in rural China. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Household biogas use in rural China: A study of opportunities and constraints

As a renewable energy, biogas is not only an important part of the development of rural new energy, but also an important aspect of sustainable development in China. The development process and present status of household biogas, specifically the opportunities and constraints of household biogas in rural China, are discussed in this paper. Only about 19% of the biogas potential has been utilized in rural China. There are several opportunities for household biogas development in rural China, including the problem of rural household energy consumption, the availability of biogas fermentation materials, national financial subsidies, legal and international clean development mechanisms. Also, more research needs to be done in straw fermentation and cold fermentation technology. Training should be conducted to raise the level of biogas customers in comprehensive biogas utilization. Measures should be taken to improve the follow-up services and management of biogas plants. The information presented in this paper will be helpful not only to the sustainable development of household biogas in rural China, but also to the development of biogas in similar countries around the world.     

Household biogas development in rural China: On policy support and other macro sustainable conditions

As a fuel, rural biogas is a promising renewable energy source. Policy support is a key initial impetus for industry development. This study explores household biogas development in rural China based on policy support found in literature. Relevant policies, which mainly include directive and guiding policies, economic inspiring policies, research policies, market policies, and other constructive policies, are gradually issued. Moreover, the National People's Congress has enacted five relevant laws, including the Agricultural Law, Renewable Energy Law, Animal Husbandry Law, Energy Conservation Law, and the Act on the Development of Circular Economy. The Energy Law is currently under revision. Relational rules and regulations have also been formed in response to the national policies and laws, which have already produced significant effects. The development of rural household biogas in China is growing steadily, and the technology standard projects have been established. The number of household biogas digesters and biogas annual output in 2010 was double of that in 2005. The offered financial incentive increased from 47 million dollars in 2002 to 760 million dollars in 2011. Policy supports play an important role in rural biogas development. And thus, additional national policy supports are necessary in the fields of scientific research, technological development, and biogas use model.     

猪-沼-果能源生态模式对赣州市农村经济可持续发展的作用分析

本文通过对赣南猪-沼-果工程建设情况的简要分析,阐述猪-沼-果能源生态模式在赣州市农村经济可持续性发展的重要作用。     

户用沼气池对农村家庭能源消费的影响--以江苏省涟水县为例

户用沼气池建设不但改变了农村家庭能源消费结构，还带动了农村养殖业、种植业的发展。通过对江苏省涟水县农村家庭能源消费和沼气池使用等相关问题的入户调查，定量研究了户用沼气池建设所产生的影响。证明户用沼气池的使用能提高家庭能源利用效率，减少能源消费量和化肥的使用量，有利于农作物秸秆的还田，提高农户的生活质量。     

Contribution to emission reduction of CO2 and SO2 by household biogas construction in rural China

Rural household biogas construction is a key program of renewable energy construction in China, which can partly help to reduce the problem of global warming.This article uses the international commonly used calculation of emission reduction to analyze the quantity of reduction in CO₂ and SO₂ emissions, which is resulting from the substitution of household biogas in place of traditional biomass energy and coal during the period from 1996 to 2003. The result shows that such substitution can reduce the discharge of CO₂ by 397.6–4193.9 thousand tons and SO₂ by 21.3–62.0 thousand tons annually. This article then predicts the amount of reduction in CO₂ and SO₂ emissions that would occur in 2010, 2020 and 2050 with the substitution of biogas energy instead of traditional energy sources in rural areas. All of these prove that rural biogas construction is an effective means of reducing the emission of greenhouse and other harmful gases into the atmosphere.     

农村合同能源管理模式研究

分析了我国沼气服务体系建设的现状和问题,指出现存沼气服务体系对政府的过度依赖,导致"自我造血"功能有限,面临生存危机;提出了构建适应市场经济条件地农村合同管理模式,为完善农村沼气建设和管理提借.     

中外沼气产业政策浅析

本文在分析我国沼气产业发展现状的基础上,梳理了现有沼气产业政策及其在产业链各环节上的布局,并与沼气产业发达的欧盟地区的政策进行对比。分析结果显示,我国颁布法律鼓励发展沼气,制定发展规划,提出沼气的阶段性发展目标,出台经济扶持政策补贴原料利用、工程建设及终端应用,制定国家及行业标准规范产业发展,立法及扶持政策推动我国沼气跨入产业化发展阶段。但与欧盟地区的产品补贴力度大、范围广,减免税政形式多样,标准化和质量检验体系完善等特点的产业政策相比,我国沼气政策仍存在终端产品补贴力度不足、工程及装备标准认证体系滞后、市场监管及运营粗放等问题。基于此,提出转变沼气工程建设及产品补贴方式、加强沼气产业减税政策的执行力度、完善和统一沼气产业规范标准体系等建议。