阿秒时间抖动的全保偏掺铒光纤激光器

近年来，超稳光生微波和远距离时频同步等高精度、高速科学研究对低噪声飞秒光纤激光器具有迫切的需求。为实现低时间抖动噪声的激光种子源，基于“光积木”结构，设计并搭建了一台重复频率为100 MHz的全保偏掺铒锁模光纤激光器，“光积木”结构可以有效地抑制激光器的机械噪声和重频漂移。采用平衡光学互相关技术，首次从全保偏锁模光纤激光器的出射脉冲中直接进行了高精度的时间抖动测量。该激光器在傅里叶频率10 kHz至1 MHz的积分区间内，积分均方根时间抖动仅为98.36 as。     

飞秒激光器脉冲重复频率的锁定技术研究

介绍了光纤飞秒激光器脉冲重复频率锁定技术的应用背景及其原理,并设计了一套可快速实现重频锁定的实验装置,最终将激光器的脉冲重复频率锁定到铷原子钟上,使飞秒激光器的脉冲重复频率获得和原子钟同样的稳定度;通过计数器采集锁定后激光器的脉冲重复频率数据,使用Allan方差给出了稳定度评价,对激光器脉冲重复频率锁定前后的稳定度进行了对比。实验证明,自主设计的实验装置可以实现锁定功能,具有很好的实用价值。     

163 fs被动锁模掺Er~(3+)光纤激光器

研制了一种采用非线性偏振旋转锁模效应的被动锁模掺Er3+飞秒激光器。利用性能稳定的980 nm激光二极管(LD)作为抽运光源,以高掺杂Er3+光纤为增益介质,在抽运功率为650 m W时,激光器锁模输出重复频率为31.25 MHz、平均输出功率为70 m W、中心波长为1565 nm、光脉冲宽度为163 fs的稳定飞秒脉冲激光。该激光器易于操作和调节,并且锁模状态稳定可以长时间的运行,其光纤结构更有利于小型化和便携化。     

可调谐纳秒脉冲锁模光纤激光器

采用非线性放大环形镜的被动锁模机制,通过加入手动可调滤波器及光纤光栅等实现单波长光谱输出,设计出一种可调谐纳秒脉冲光纤激光器.纳秒矩形脉冲由被动锁模掺铒光纤激光器产生,激光器的腔长为430 m,脉冲的重复频率为465 kHz.被动锁模光纤激光器中实现可调谐脉冲输出的关键器件包括宽带锁模器件和可调谐滤波器,其中宽带锁模器...     

干扰吸收峰影响下TDLAS温度测量方法研究

固体飞秒激光器以其体积小、成本低、使用寿命长、稳定性高、技术较为成熟等特点,受到市场的广泛青睐。重复频率是飞秒激光器的一个重要参数,在实际应用中,高重复频率能带来高效率、高精度等诸多重要优势。本文介绍了SESAM锁模、KLM锁模、高次谐波锁模等常用的GHz固体飞秒激光器锁模技术及发展情况,阐述了GHz飞秒光源在激光加工、距离测量、光谱测量等应用场景中突出的性能优势,并对GHz重复频率固体飞秒激光技术的发展方向进行了预测,为推动GHz重复频率固体激光器技术的完善与提升提供借鉴。     

中国计量测试学会科学技术进步奖获奖项目简介

<正>一等奖基础进步奖掺Er光纤飞秒光学频率梳的研究与应用近年来,作为新一代飞秒光梳技术的掺Er光纤飞秒光学频率梳,已成为飞秒光梳技术发展的主流方向并逐步突破时间频率领域,成为许多高端研究领域的基础性科学仪器。中国计量科学研究院首次在国内研制成功了基于掺Er光纤飞秒激光器的光学频率梳,具有填补了国内掺Er光纤光梳的技术空白,满足了国家波长基     

5GHz主动锁模光纤激光器

在国内首次研制成功半导体激光器泵浦的主动锁模掺饵光纤激光器，器件利用高速ＬｉＮｂＯ３幅度调制器，重复频率达５ＧＨｚ脉宽２４ｐｓ，峰值功率为２．５毫瓦，波长约为１．５５２μｍ。     

TiCN作为可饱和吸收体的2.8μm被动调Q锁模光纤激光器

本文报道了一种基于材料可饱和吸收的2.8μm被动调Q锁模掺铒氟化物光纤激光器。通过将TiCN颗粒作为可饱和吸收体直接涂覆于反射腔镜,并结合氟化物光纤垂直端面的输出耦合,实现了具有较低激光阈值和紧凑腔结构的2.8μm脉冲光纤激光器。该激光器在泵浦功率达到330 mW时,开始出现调Q锁模脉冲。随着泵浦功率持续增大,调Q脉冲包络重复频率从14.34 kHz增加至32.57 kHz,对应的脉冲宽度从10.51μs减小至5.40μs。在650 mW的泵浦功率下,获得最大平均输出功率25.83 mW,斜率效率为7.2%。     

飞秒锁模光纤激光器及倍频程超连续谱试验研究

介绍了一种可应用于星载光学频率梳的自锁定全光纤飞秒激光器.该激光器采用非线性偏振旋转(NPR)方式,利用电控偏振控制器(EPC)实现自动锁模.当泵浦功率为420 mW时,通过电控偏振控制器的自动调节来改变腔内偏振态,从而达到稳定的锁模状态.在稳定锁模状态下,激光器输出脉冲的中心波长为1560 nm,输出功率为30 mW...     

633nm波长副基准光频绝对测量实验

为了进行光频的绝对测量实验研究,本课题组研制了基于MgO:PPLN晶体的"单块"结构飞秒激光频率梳,在利用稳频电路将重复频率frep和载波包络相移频率fceo同时锁定到氢原子钟上后,其光频齿的频率稳定度同步于氢原子钟。利用该高稳定度"单块"结构钛宝石飞秒激光频率梳对编号为NO.02的633nm激光波长国家副基准装置进行了激光频率的绝对测量实验,得到了5个峰的测量结果,各光频测量结果相对偏差为10-11量级。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...