绿茶膳食纤维粉对大鼠的减肥降脂作用研究

考察绿茶膳食纤维粉对高脂饲料诱导的肥胖大鼠的减肥降脂作用。采用预防大鼠肥胖模型法,以SD雄性大鼠为研究对象,持续灌胃绿茶膳食纤维粉6周后,测定大鼠体重、身长、Lee's指数、肾脏和睾丸周围的脂肪质量以及血脂变化。结果表明,绿茶膳食纤维粉能显著降低大鼠体重以及肾脏和睾丸周围脂肪质量,降低血清总胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量(P0.05),说明绿茶膳食纤维粉具有减肥降脂作用。     

L-阿拉伯糖对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥作用研究

通过高脂饮食诱导建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型,研究L-阿拉伯糖(LA)对其的减肥作用。通过高脂饮食诱导60 d建立肥胖模型,灌胃给予治疗80 d,检测体重、血糖、肥胖指数(Lee’s指数)、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数和肝指数的变化情况。结果发现,灌胃治疗80 d后,与肥胖模型组相比,L-阿拉伯糖给药组能明显减轻肥胖大鼠体重,明显抑制血糖升高,明显降低Lee’s指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数和肝指数。L-阿拉伯糖对营养性肥胖大鼠有较好的减肥和降血糖效果。     

普洱茶茶色素减肥作用的研究

观察普洱茶中茶色素对营养性肥胖模型大鼠的体重、体内脂肪重量、李氏Lees’指数的影响。采用营养性肥胖模型大鼠茶色素灌胃处理,检测大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度胆固醇(LDL-C)及大鼠的体重、体内脂肪重量和Lees’指数。结果表明,茶色素能显著降低营养性肥胖模型大鼠的体重,体内脂肪重量和Lees’指数,明显降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C的浓度水平及提高HDL-C的水平。茶色素具有降脂减肥,调节血糖的作用。     

姜黄素和壳聚糖配伍的减肥降脂效应研究

采用生长期大鼠,喂养高脂饲料,同时灌胃给药9周,测量大鼠体重增量、血脂及脂肪排泄等指标,考察姜黄素和壳聚糖单用及联用对大鼠体重增加的抑制效应;并且采用食源性肥胖大鼠模型,灌胃给药4周,测量肥胖大鼠的体重减轻、血脂含量、脂肪含量等指标,考察姜黄素和壳聚糖单用及联用对肥胖大鼠的减脂和减肥的效应。结果发现,姜黄素和壳聚糖联用能够显著抑制正常大鼠在高脂饲料喂养下的体重增加,并能够有效的降低肥胖大鼠的体重和脂肪含量,促进大鼠脂肪的消耗,其效果要优于活性物质单独使用,且有较好的量效关系。本研究证实,姜黄素和壳聚糖能够起到协同增效的减肥降脂效果。      

香蕉粉等5种产品的减肥功能研究

研究香蕉粉、魔芋精粉、抗性糊精、玉米淀粉、左旋肉碱等5种产品对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥作用。采用营养性肥胖模型法,选取奥利司他作为阳性对照,分别以2.5 g/kg BW·d的剂量饲喂营养性肥胖大鼠,研究不同产品灌胃后营养性肥胖大鼠体重、体脂含量、血糖、血脂水平的变化,观察肝脏病理切片结果,对其减肥功能进行评价。结果表明:香蕉粉和魔芋精粉呈现出控制肥胖大鼠体重增加的效果,香蕉粉组大鼠体内脂肪质量显著低于肥胖对照组(p0.05);香蕉粉可显著降低肥胖大鼠血糖(GLU)水平(p0.05),抗性糊精、魔芋精粉、左旋肉碱可显著降低肥胖大鼠总胆固醇(TC)水平(P0.05)。香蕉粉可在一定程度上改善肥胖大鼠脂肪肝现象。结论:香蕉粉、魔芋精粉、抗性糊精、玉米淀粉、左旋肉碱5种产品在减轻体重或降低体脂、血脂或改善脂肪肝现象方面有一定的效果,且综合多指标结果,香蕉粉的减肥效果较好。     

木樨草素对肥胖模型大鼠减肥降脂作用的研究

探讨木樨草素对肥胖大鼠的减肥降脂作用及其潜在机制。给予肥胖大鼠木樨草素后检测其体重、脂体比和血脂,探讨其可能的减肥机制。结果表明,木樨草素可显著减缓肥胖大鼠体重增长速度,降低体脂含量（P〈0．05）;高剂量木樨草素可明显降低血清中TC、TG水平（P〈0．05）,显著提高HDL—C水平（P〈0．05）。木樨草素具有降脂减肥作用。     

香蕉粉毒理学安全评价及减肥功效研究

通过急性经口毒性实验研究了小鼠灌胃香蕉粉后所产生的毒性反应和死亡情况,并以卫生部保健食品减肥功能学评价程序与检验方法为依据,以SPF级雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,采用大鼠肥胖模型法,研究了香蕉粉的减肥功效。结果表明:给药后连续观察14d,小鼠活动正常、皮毛光亮,无异常分泌物,体重正常增长,无一小鼠死亡。全部存活小鼠大体解剖,肉眼观察未发现组织脏器体积、颜色、质地等出现改变;香蕉粉可使高脂饲料引起的营养性肥胖模型大鼠的体重明显减轻,并能显著降低大鼠Lee’s指数和脂肪指数,降低血清总胆固醇（TC）、血清甘油三酯（TG）以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量（p<0.05）,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）明显升高。因此,香蕉粉对营养型肥胖大鼠有显著的减肥作用。      

玉米活性多糖减肥降脂作用的研究

本文目的在于研究玉米活性多糖减肥降脂作用。取80只小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为5组:空白对照组、肥胖模型组、玉米活性多糖3.50、1.75、0.88g/kg3个剂量组,除空白对照组给正常饲料外,其余各组均服用肥胖饲料,每天给药1次,连续给药35d,每隔7d称1次体重。另取80只小鼠,雌雄各半,分组、饲喂及称量体重方法同上,末次给药后24h,将小鼠处死,取腹部脂肪称湿重,计算脂肪指数。再另取80只小鼠,雌雄各半,分组、饲喂及称量体重方法同上,末次给药后24h,摘除小鼠眼球取血,采用日立7080全自动生化分析仪检测有关生化指标。试验结果表明:玉米活性多糖能明显降低肥胖小鼠体重、脂肪指数、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、血糖(GLU)含量,对肥胖小鼠血清中高密度脂蛋白(HDL)有明显的升高作用,证明玉米活性多糖具有明显减肥降脂作用。     

大麦β-葡聚糖减肥作用研究

研究了对照组(NC组)、肥胖组(MC组)和大麦组(BB组)大鼠Lee's指数、体内脂肪含量、血脂水平等相关生化指标以及大鼠肠道菌群结构。研究发现,与MC组相比,BB组大鼠的Lee's指数、体内脂肪含量、血清TC、TG水平显著降低,HDL-C/TC值、血清LCAT活性以及FBA含量均显著增高。ERIC-PCR分析发现,大鼠肠道中优势菌群以及菌种多样性恢复正常。大麦β-葡聚糖对营养肥胖型大鼠有减肥降脂的作用。     

茶多酚对肥胖大鼠血清瘦素、胰岛素及血脂的影响

探讨茶多酚对单纯性肥胖大鼠血清瘦素、胰岛素及血脂的影响并观察其功效。采用高脂饲料喂养建立肥胖大鼠模型,测定体重、脂肪质量形态学指标,Lee's指数,判定其减肥效果;测定血清瘦素,胰岛素,血糖等,判定其对肥胖的影响;测定血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白(LD)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)等指标,判定其对血脂的影响。茶多酚高剂量组对大鼠减肥效果比较明显,且减肥同时血脂、血糖有不同程度的降低,减肥有效时血清瘦素、胰岛素水平明显降低。因此,茶多酚具有一定的降脂减肥作用,但不排除其作用是由多方机制的结果。     

苹果渣多酚对高脂大鼠体重及血脂的影响

目的:研究苹果渣多酚对高脂大鼠体重及血清中脂代谢水平的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为6组,除正常对照组外,其余5组给予高脂饲料,建立高脂大鼠模型。高脂大鼠按低、中、高3个剂量灌喂苹果渣多酚,并设阳性对照组（非诺贝特）。高脂大鼠连续灌喂苹果渣多酚和非诺贝特28d后,测定大鼠体重、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C及AI值。结果:苹果渣多酚和非诺贝特均能显著降低（p<0.05）高脂大鼠TG、TC、LDL-C和AI值,显著提升HDL-C含量（p<0.05）。TC、HDL-C和LDL-C三个指标,苹果渣多酚的作用都优于非诺贝特。TG指标,非诺贝特略优于苹果渣多酚。在降低高脂大鼠体重方面,苹果渣多酚的作用明显优于非诺贝特。结论:苹果渣多酚对高脂大鼠具有降血脂、减肥以及缓解动脉粥样硬化的作用。      

Repeated use of oil for frying fish. Effects of feeding the fried fish to rats

Four groups of weanling male albino rats (Wistar strain) were fed isonitrogenous diet (10% protein) identical in all respects except in the nature of the protein source, for 4 weeks. Control group (group 1) had steamed mackerel meat as the protein source, whereas groups 2, 3 and 4 had mackerel fried on the 1st, 3rd and 4th days in the same coconut oil repeatedly used for frying each day. Four groups of adult male rats weighing around 130 g were fed on the same diet for 12 weeks. Weanlings fed on fish fried on the 4th day showed significantly lower feed consumption and weight gain compared to the other three groups. All the three groups of adult rats fed on fried fish compared well with control rats in weight gain and hepatosomatic index. There was a decrease in the total lipid and cholesterol content of the liver of rats fed with fried fish in comparison with the control rats. The total lipid and cholesterol in heart and serum cholesterol levels increased significantly from control rats through group 4. The C22:6/C20:5 ratio in the heart lipid showed a very high value compared to the dietary lipids. Histopathological examination showed initial stages of cell damage in the liver and kidney of rats fed with fish fried on the 4th day. In-vitro digestibility of proteins of fried fish were lower than that of steamed fish, but the difference in this respect between proteins of fish fried on different days was not significant.     

普洱茶茶褐素对高糖饮食大鼠糖脂代谢关键酶及组织切片的影响

目的:以普洱茶茶褐素为研究对象,研究普洱茶茶褐素对高糖饮食大鼠糖脂代谢关键指标以及肝脏、胰腺组织病理切片的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠60只,按体重、血清总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖无显著性差异分为6组(n=10):正常对照组、高糖模型组、阳性(罗格列酮)对照组、茶褐素低、中、高剂量组(即给药量分别为0.281、0.562、1.124 g/kg·bw)。实验动物每天定时给药,自由摄食和饮水,正常对照组喂以基础饲料和饮用蒸馏水,其他各组都以高糖饲料喂养和饮用15%果糖水,共喂养9周。测定大鼠血清糖脂代谢指标,通过电子显微镜观察大鼠肝脏、胰腺病理变化的影响。结果:干预期结束后,与高糖模型组相比,茶褐素能抑制高糖饮食大鼠血清中FINS、HOMA-IR、LPL、SCD-1、FAS、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6(p<0.05)水平的升高,降低HOMA-β、HSL、FFA、LEP水平;能有效增加高糖饮食大鼠GK、HMG-COA、HOMA-IS(p<0.05)水平,增加PK、FACL水平;大鼠肝脏和胰腺HE染色后,在显微镜下观察高糖模型组都有一定程度的病变,灌胃茶褐素后得到改善,说明普洱茶茶褐素可以降低高糖饮食大鼠肝脏脂质沉积和胰岛损害的程度,预防高血糖症的发生。结论:茶褐素能够调节高糖饮食大鼠糖脂代谢关键酶活性,加速高糖饮食大鼠脂质代谢,降低高糖饮食大鼠胰岛损害的程度。     

半胱胺对大鼠生长及安全性的影响

为了研究半胱胺对动物生长和安全性的长期影响，分别对大鼠以0，20，35，50mg／kg注射半胱胺，以及以0，15，30，60mg／kg饲喂添加半胱胺．试验发现：每天注射20mg／kg半胱胺（以体重计）1周能明显提高大鼠的增重（P〈0．05），而其他组与对照组差异不显著（P〉0．05），而1周后的增重与对照组差异不显著；注射半胱胺11天，大鼠血液生长激素水平没有提高．在饲料中添加30mg／kg半胱胺，第1周显著提高大鼠增重（P〈0．05），而其他组与对照组差异不显著（P〉0．05）；1周后添加半胱胺的各组大鼠增重均没有提高；各组大鼠的肝脏、脾脏和肾脏指数差异不显著；血液中谷丙转氨酶有所降低，而谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶没有影响．实验结果表明：腹腔注射和饲料添加半胱胺对大鼠的促生长作用均是短期的，即在1周之内有促进生长作用，长期添加或注射半胱胺不能显著提高大鼠增重．在本试验的时间和剂量范围内，半胱胺对大鼠的器官形态和功能没有表现出异常影响．     

大豆磷脂软胶囊辅助降血脂功能研究

目的探讨大豆磷脂软胶囊辅助降低血脂功能。方法将50只大鼠随机分成5组,空白对照组大鼠给予基础饲料,其余各组给予高脂饲料喂养,各剂量组给予不同剂量的大豆磷脂软胶囊,模型对照组和空白对照组大鼠给予等体积的植物油, 30 d后观察大鼠体重及血脂水平的变化。结果模型对照组大鼠血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、甘油三酯(trilaurin, TG)、体重显著高于空白对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);各个剂量组大鼠血清TG、体重均低于高脂对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论大豆磷脂软胶囊通过降低血清甘油三酯达到辅助降血脂功能。     

Effects of diet supplementation with cactus pear seeds and oil on serum and liver lipid parameters in rats

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of diets enriched with cactus pear oil (CPO) or seeds (CPS) on serum and liver lipid parameters compared to those of adult rats submitted to a standard diet. Male rats were divided into three groups, the first group represented control group, fed with standard diet, the second group was fed with control diet supplemented with CPO (2.5%, wt/wt) and the third group fed control diet supplemented with CPS (33%, wt/wt), for nine weeks. Feed intake and body weight of rats were measured every two days. Organ weights were determined at the end of treatment; cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides levels were determined by enzymatic methods. Liver and serum lipid extracts were analysed for their fatty acid composition for the three groups of rats. No differences in pancreas, kidney or liver weights were observed in the CPS diet whereas the CPO diet induced a significant increase in liver and pancreas weights. The tested diets significantly decreased the atherogenic index compared to the control diet, whereas serum cholesterol level was only reduced by the supplementation with CPO diet. No variations in serum lipids were observed among the groups, whereas liver lipids showed slight variations. Accordingly, these results indicated that the supplementation with CPO or CPS could be effective in decreasing the atherogenic risk factors in rats.     

Effect of interesterified fat mixtures on certain lipid indices in experimental fat metabolism disturbance

Groups of adult Wistar male and female rats were fed isoenergetically for a three and a six weeks period either with synthetic lipogenic diet containing 5% and 20% fat mixtures (in which sunflower oil and lard were blended according to the ratio of 35:65) or with the same synthetic diet containing the mixture of sunflower oil and interesterified lard in a similar ratio. A control group received a normal diet for 6 weeks, whereas one of the experimental groups (fed with the 20% fat mixture in the lipogenic diet for 6 weeks) was given the normal diet for an additional two weeks period. After the feeding periods had been completed serum HDL-C levels and the total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, free fatty acid levels were determined in serum and liver. The distribution of fatty acids in liver and heart muscle was also evaluated. In comparison to the control values it has been found: 1. Consumption of the lipogenic diet which is known to increase the serum total lipid and total cholesterol content induced in male rats a smaller augmentation in these indices when consuming the 20% fat mixture with a P/S ratio approaching the ideal 1 values, than in case of a 5% fat mixture consumption. In case of female rats, considerable increases of the serum values, could be observed at both fat consumption levels. The serum triglyceride and HDL-C contents decreased for all experimental groups. 2. The total lipid and triglyceride content of the liver increased in a high degree, the fatty liver syndrome was developed--more rapidly in males than in females. The total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol contents of the liver of male rats exceeded those of females by 15-30%. 3. The interesterification of the lard component of fat mixture resulted in lipid indices similar to those without interesterification, or in certain cases, they were found to be even slightly more favourable, i.e. the biological effect of the technological change proved to be adequate. 4. After a two weeks regeneration period the serum values of the male rats approached closer the normal control values than those of the females which were decreasing from a very high level but the degree of decrease was greater for them than for the male rats. The lipid content of the liver showed similar values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

香蕉皮总黄酮对糖尿病及其并发症的影响

目的:研究香蕉皮总黄酮粗提物降血糖作用。方法:将实验大鼠分成正常对照组、模型对照组、药物组和低、中、高香蕉皮总黄酮剂量组,喂养4周。检测大鼠体质量、血糖、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）的水平。结果:中、高剂量的香蕉皮总黄酮粗提物可显著降低四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病大鼠血糖、TC、TG和LDL-C含量（p<0.05）,升高大鼠体质量和HDL-C（p<0.05）。结论:一定剂量的香蕉皮总黄酮提取物具有降血糖作用,并且能改善由糖尿病引起脂代谢紊乱状况。      

Effects of xyloglucan with the partial removal of galactose on plasma lipid concentration

Xyloglucan is a component of the cell walls of higher plants that has been used as a thickener or stabilizer in the food industry in Japan and other Asian countries. Xyloglucan from which side-chain galactose has been partially removed or ‘trimmed’ by β-galactosidase (GXG-TG) shows heat-induced reversible gelation, and reverts to sol upon cooling. Xyloglucan is not digested by human digestive enzymes and acts as a dietary fiber. The effects of xyloglucan from which galactose has been partially removed on plasma lipid concentration in rats was investigated. Male Wistar rats (4 weeks old) were fed a high-fat diet (corn oil or lard) for 28 days (control) and other groups were given a high-fat diet (corn oil or lard) containing GXG-TG (5%, replacing cellulose). GXG-TG significantly reduced total cholesterol, β-lipoprotein, total lipid and phospholipid compared to a high-fat diet with corn oil. GXG-TG significantly reduced total cholesterol, β-lipoprotein, total lipid, phospholipid and adipose tissue weight compared to a high-fat diet with lard. These results indicated that the intake of GXG-TG improves lipid metabolism in rats, similar to that of the intact xyloglucan.