尿素尾吸塔改为氨精洗器运行总结

对采用尿素尾吸塔改为氨精洗器带压吸收中压放空气效果进行总结,对比分析了改造前、后放空气中的氨含量变化以及改造后存在的问题。尿素系统将常压吸收的尾吸塔改为带压吸收的氨精洗器吸收中压放空气后,系统运行稳定,中压放空气中氨含量下降,从放空气管中取中压放空气样品,几乎闻不到氨味,达到了预期的改造效果。     

惰气精洗器在尿素生产中的应用

分析了尿素装置增设惰气精洗器的必要性和可行性,简述了其工作原理、工艺流程、技术特点和应用实效。结果表明,增设惰气精洗器可将惰洗器尾气中的氨含量由10%降至0.3%,吨尿素回收氨6~10 kg;30万t/a尿素装置可节省生产成本360万元/a,增设惰气精洗器的投资回收期为2个月。     

惰气精洗器的运用小结

1工艺流程 自惰洗器出来的气体先进入惰气精洗器上部的内防爆空间，以缓冲和吸收爆源能量，再进入惰气精洗器的底部换热段，由精洗液进行鼓泡吸收，精洗后的尾气由压力调节阀减压后送至尾吸塔。由精洗泵送来的二表液从惰气精洗器底部换热段进入，由下而上吸收氨后，从惰气精洗器的中部出来，经过液位调节阀减压后送至水解槽。     

合成氨系统弛放气铜液净氨装置运行小结

我公司铜洗工段现有的2套铜洗装置,各有1台西φ1 000 mm和1台φ1 200 mm铜洗塔,2套铜洗系统自用氨量较大,每班6～8 m<'3>(3.75～5 t).由于合成弛放气中氨含量较高(测定25%左右,理论30%～40%),需去等压吸氨净氨后再提氢.等压吸氨每班产氨水折氨约3 t,去尿素或深度水解回收入系统,班耗蒸汽4～5 t,且气温上涨后,导致尿素吸收系统负荷增加,系统不稳,尾吸放空气氨含量上升,氨耗上涨.     

合成氨放空气和弛放气的回收利用

合成放空气中含氨约8—9％左右,而弛放气中氨的百分含量更大。合成放空气的气量约为合成补充新鲜气量的8％左右,如遇气体成份不好,放空气的气量还要大。因此,回收合成放空气和弛放气是增产节约的一项重要措施。根据合成放空气和弛放气中的氨极易溶于水而氢和甲烷等可燃气体不易溶于水的性     

高压水洗法回收放空气中氨

一、概述每生产一吨合成氨,放空气量一般是150～250标米~3/吨氨(对于采用劣质煤为原料时,可能达到200～300标米~3/吨氨)。放空气中含有8～12％(体积,以下同)的氨,则每生产一吨合成氨,随着放空气排出的氨量是15～20公斤,占合成氨产量的1.5～2.0％,有的甚至达3％。以往,许多合成氮厂回收放空气中的氨,一般是将高压的放空气减压至几公斤的低压或常压后,用软水吸收其中的氨,制得稀氨水回收利用。但这种方法氨的回收效率都比较低,一般为30～50％,加上有些单位选用的设备结构     

合成氨尾气综合回收副产液化天然气研究与实践

<正>0前言氨合成过程中,需要通过合成塔塔后放空及氨贮槽放空来排出合成系统中的CH4和Ar,但也会造成氢气和氮气损失。该2股气体属于合成系统尾气,传统处理方式是将塔后放空气进行氨洗和提氢处理和将氨贮槽弛放气回收氨处理后,一并送入余热回收锅炉燃烧,产生蒸汽,此种处理方法经济附加值低。为此,湖北宜化化工股份有限     

回收氨水生产尿素技术总结

0 前言。山东肥城化肥厂宁安分厂合成放空气、氨贮槽弛放气和铜洗再生气中的氨经氨回收系统回收后送碳化工段生产碳铵，存在母液排放量大、氨回收利用率低、环境污染严重等问题，加上碳铵销售价格低，效益不理想。针对此情况，对氨回收系统进行了改造，即采用逐级提浓回收氨，氨水送尿素低压系统吸收解吸气和二段分解气中的氨、二氧化碳后用于生产尿素，取得了较好的经济效益和环保效益。     

合成氨尾气综合利用新途径

介绍了利用合成氨生产中的弛放气和放空气经压缩、洗氨、脱水、液化等生产过程获得液化天然气产品的回收工艺。通过实例验证,该工艺不仅可提高资源的利用效率,而且投资小、收益高、投资回报期短,也符合国家节能减排的政策方向。     

优化操作降低尿素装置中压氨吸收器的氨损失

分析中压氨吸收器因列管泄漏其循环水被迫切除后系统运行模式,提出相应的优化措施,降低中压放空气中的氨含量,达到降低氨耗,稳定生产的作用.     

烧结烟气脱硫制酸净化工序的设计与生产实践

介绍了太原钢铁（集团）有限公司炼铁厂烧结机烟气活性炭干法脱硫富集SO_2烟气的组分和工况。该富集SO_2烟气流量小、温度高、高含硫、高含尘并含有氨、氟、氯、汞等有害杂质,设计采用喷淋塔一一级泡沫柱洗涤器—气体冷却塔—二级泡沫柱洗涤器—两级电除雾器稀酸洗工艺加以处理,并对净化设备进行了设计选型。炼铁厂450m~烧结机烟气脱硫制酸装置已稳定运行1年多时间,净化工序各项指标均达到或超过设计值,较好地解决了恶劣工况烧结烟气净化除杂问题,净化收率达到99.01%,净化工序出口烟气尘（ρ）1.4mg/m~3,硫酸雾、HF、HCl、NH_3等微量。     

低压醇分离器闪蒸气甲醇含量高的对策措施

针对甲醇装置开车后合成回路低压醇分离器闪蒸气甲醇含量高的问题,新增水洗塔,将闪蒸气引入水洗塔洗涤,降低闪蒸气中的甲醇含量,同时回收闪蒸气中的甲醇。水洗塔投用后,效果十分明显,闪蒸气中的甲醇含量得到有效控制。     

卧式错流填料层洗涤器的开发

介绍一种新的磷肥厂除氟除氨洗涤器－卧式错流填料层洗涤器。该洗涤器气液呈错流接触。传质效果好,压力降低,采用卧式结构和可卸式聚丙烯丝填料,便于安装,清洗和维护。     

Mercury Speciation in Flue Gases after an Oxidative Acid Wet Scrubber

Flue gases from a hazardous waste incinerator have been sampled in three campaigns, before and after, an oxidative acid wet scrubber working with the MercOx‐process. A continuous emission monitor for mercury speciation was used before the scrubber in the first campaign. In all campaigns, impingers with KCl and KMnO₄ were used. A solid adsorption method was used in the last campaign. The mercury leaving the scrubber is oxidized at > 90 % efficiency (independent of the inlet speciation). A substantial decrease in the redox potential of the scrubber liquid caused an increased fraction of elemental gaseous mercury to be present in the clean gas. The measurements also show that the scrubber has the ability to readily absorb mercury peaks. During one extreme peak of 3,600 μg/m³ (dry gas) in the raw gas, the removal efficiency was above 99.9 %.     

磷酸铵类肥料技术讲座第九讲磷铵类肥料生产的辅助设备

这一讲介绍了磷铵类肥料生产的辅助设备 ,包括干燥机、振动筛、破碎机、冷却机、包裹机 ,以及气体净化设备 ,如文丘里洗涤器、错流喷淋填料洗涤器、旋风喷淋洗涤器和浮球填料塔等。     

浅析尿素装置高压洗涤器的本质安全

对CO2汽提法尿素装置高压洗涤器防爆筒爆裂事故进行探讨,提出提高尿素装置高压洗涤器本质安全管理理念。采用CO2原料气脱氢技术后,扩大了尿素装置主要参数的调节范围,彻底消除了安全隐患,而且吨尿素一般可降低氨耗2kg左右。     

Optimization of Gas Scrubbing in the Calcination of Struvite

During the calcination of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) in the process of recycling to obtain phosphoric acid, ammonia is released in addition to water and carbon dioxide. With a gas scrubber, e.g., in the form of a bubble column reactor, ammonia can be recovered as a usable valuable material. With water as an inexpensive and effective absorbent, almost complete absorption (92 %) of the ammonia from the exhaust air can be achieved.     

泡沫柱洗涤技术在净化改造中的应用

介绍了泡沫柱洗涤技术在净化改造中的应用，泡沫柱洗涤装置的设计、施工、调试几运行。运行情况表明，泡沫柱洗涤装置降温除尘效果明显优于冲击洗涤器，且具有适应烟气波动能力强的优点。     

荒煤气/焦炉气压缩机深度除焦方法对比

结合国内工厂实际调研情况,针对荒煤气/焦炉气中焦油在离心压缩机设备中沉积堵塞的问题,对比分析了包括二次电捕焦油、段间喷水(油)、吸附脱除、段间油洗等深度除焦方法,结果表明,当TSA、油洗塔单独应用在深度除焦过程中时,都能取得较好的效果。当上游预处理后的焦油含量未达到预期指标或波动较大时,TSA+油洗塔、段间喷水(油)+油洗塔组合使用,可以确保达到更好的除焦效果。     

Impact of calcium chloride addition on mercury transformations and control in coal flue gas

Pilot-scale experiments were conducted to investigate mercury transformations in coal flue gas when firing subbituminous coal with a CaCl₂ additive. Cofiring the CaCl₂ additive with the subbituminous coal resulted in approximately 50% oxidized mercury, as a result of reactive chlorine species formed in coal flue gas, compared to the dominance of elemental mercury in the baseline flue gas. The mercury data indicate that mercury-flue gas chemistry reactions may occur at fairly high temperatures (>400 °C) in chlorine-enriched flue gas. Field tests were conducted to further demonstrate the impact of cofiring CaCl₂ on the eventual fate of mercury. These tests were completed on a 650-MW subbituminous coal-fired power plant equipped with selective catalytic reduction (SCR), a fabric filter (FF), and a wet scrubber. Overall mercury removals across the SCR-FF-wet scrubber system ranged from 75% to 96% with 200-800 ppm (coal basis) chlorine addition compared to 18-32% during baseline operations. Field data indicate that the SCR enhanced mercury oxidation, possibly as a result of the supplemental formation of reactive chlorine species and the aid of the SCR catalyst. As a result, most of the mercury in the flue gas was in an oxidized state and was removed in the downstream wet scrubber, indicating that cofiring CaCl₂ is an effective mercury control approach for a subbituminous coal-fired plant equipped with an SCR and wet scrubber.