Al2O3-C-ZrO2质复合滑板的研制与生产

针对普通铝碳质滑板强度低,耐侵蚀性能差,抗热震能力差等缺点,从材质、微粉加入物、生产工艺等方面进行了试验研究,在普通铝碳质滑板基础上研制了性能优良的铝碳锆质复合滑板,满足了攀钢连铸160t钢包连滑3次的使用要求.     

盛钢桶铝锆碳滑板的研究与生产

通过研究,在盛钢桶用铝锆碳滑板的生产过程中,调整了ZrO2的加入量,添加了复合抗氧化剂,使滑板具用较高的强度和抗氧化性能,提高了滑板的使用寿命.     

Al2O3—C—Zr02质复合滑板的研制与生产

针对普通铝碳质滑板强度低，耐侵蚀性能差，抗热震能力差等缺点，从材质、微粉加入物、生产工艺等方面进行了试验研究，在普通铝碳质滑板基础上研制了性能优良的铝碳锆质复合滑板，满足了攀钢连铸160t钢包连滑3次的使用要求。     

新型炭素材料对滑板性能的影响

通过对超细石墨、纳米炭黑等滑板用新型炭素材料的实验研究,发现不同粒度的石墨对铝锆碳滑板的热震稳定性影响不同;纳米级炭黑对滑板的成型性能、抗氧化性能、热处理后β-SiC的生成量等都能产生很大的影响。选择超细石墨和粒度为26~30 nm的炭黑按照一定比例添加制成的新型滑板使用效果很好。     

钢包滑板多炉连用工艺

研究了钢包铝锆碳滑板的损毁。分析了影响钢包滑板连续使用的各种因素，提出了提高滑板连用次数的措施。通过采取措施使滑板连续使用提高到2．5次／套左右（最高为4次／套）。     

铝锆碳滑板使用前后显微结构与损毁机理

研究了在武钢使用的2种铝锆碳滑板的显微结构及其损毁机理.结果证实两种滑板在使用过程中,内部形成了SiC晶须,而滑板正是利用在其基质部分形成SiC晶须的机理来改善其性能.奥镁滑板在基质中大量使用塑性相金属硅,并且在高温使用过程中生成了大量晶须状SiC,从而进一步提高了其热震稳定性.     

铝锆碳滑板材料在钙处理钢液中的侵蚀行为

 采用旋转抗渣法研究了试样转速、钙处理钢液温度对铝锆碳材料在钙处理钢液中平均溶解速率的影响,结果发现铝锆碳材料的平均溶解速率随转速的增大而增大,它在钙处理钢液中的溶解过程不与扩散控制过程类似;铝锆碳材料的平均溶解速率随钙处理钢液温度的提高而迅速增加。铝锆碳材料的侵蚀机理为钙处理钢液中CaO侵入铝锆碳试样内部,使得试样中Al2O3、SiO2与之发生反应,形成低熔物,低熔物进入钢液中导致溶损。     

开发长寿命滑板材料

一般用Al2O3-ZrO2-C材料来作为滑板材料.影响其寿命的因素有开浇时由于热应力而形成裂纹或孔边部磨蚀;钢水造成碳氧化或磨损;同钢水中有些元素如Mn、Ca等发生化学反应等.通过选择ZrO2材料以及优化碳含量以及加入特殊溶剂可以提高滑板寿命.     

炼钢用耐火材料的主攻方向

优质高效耐火制品应与钢铁新技术同步发展。本文简要分析了我国铁钢用耐火材料的现状,讨论了其主要发展方向。认为今后开发工作的重点应为1)氧气转炉用的碳结合碱性材料。根据我国资源情况,应采取镁碳砖和镁白云石砖并举的方针;2)炉外精炼用高效材料。当炉渣碱度高时,选用含碳的MgO-CaO系材料较适宜;当炉渣碱度低时,全合成或电熔再结合镁铬砖使用较果效好;(3)连续铸钢用功能材料。应开发用于钢包和中间包的铝碳和铝锆碳滑板以及用于板坯连铸的钼碳/锆碳复合浸入式水口。     

铝锆碳质滑板中SiC晶须形成机理

以铝锆碳滑板基质部分为研究对象,以金属硅粉、石墨和碳黑为原料,混合后在埋碳气氛下,于1 200～1 600℃范围内进行高温处理.通过透射电镜和能谱仪分析,研究发现碳化硅晶须为哑铃状,并且随着热处理温度升高,哑铃状小球慢慢减少,在这个过程中,SiC晶须的生长机理为气-固反应模型.     

Effect of side chain location in (2-aminoethyl)-aminomethyl-2-phenylquinolines as antitumor agents

New equipment facilitating the use of spontaneous ventilation with positive expiratory pressure (PEP) has become available in France since January 1996. This technique was applied in 38 patients with severe cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and persistent respiratory distress despite high flow classical oxygen therapy and standard treatment. After 1 hour of ventilation with a flow of 220 l/min of 100% oxygen with an average PEP of 7.7 cm H20, a significant improvement of clinical (heart and respiratory rate) and biological parameters (arterial gases) was observed. There were no side effects. Four patients died during the hospital period and only 1 was intubated. Spontaneous ventilation with PEP is a simple technique for coronary care units and, compared with conventional oxygen therapy, it rapidly improves arterial oxygenation, reduces respiratory work and improves conditions of cardiac load. Acute severe cardiogenic pulmonary oedema seems to be an indication of choice, especially in the elderly, where it may help avoid an often controversial intubation.     

Solution structure of the sodium channel inactivation gate

The sodium channel initiates action potentials by opening in response to membrane depolarization. Fast channel inactivation, which is required for proper physiological function, is mediated by a cytoplasmic loop proposed to occlude the ion pore via a hinged lid mechanism with the triad IFM serving as a hydrophobic "latch". The NMR solution structure of the isolated inactivation gate reveals a stably folded core comprised of an alpha-helix capped by an N-terminal turn, supporting a model in which the tightly folded core containing the latch motif pivots on a more flexible hinge region to occlude the pore during inactivation. The structure, in combination with substituted cysteine mutagenesis experiments, indicates that the IFM triad and adjacent Thr are essential components of the latch and suggests differing roles for the residues of the IFMT motif in fast inactivation.     

Perioperative pain management: a gate control perspective

The assessment and management of perioperative pain are critical skills for the surgical nurse, hence, the subjective nature of pain should be reflected in their approach to pain control. Unfortunately, many studies (Seers 1987, Kuhns et al 1990, Royal College of Surgeons and Royal College of Anaesthetists 1990, Closs 1992 and Field 1996) suggest that the nurse's knowledge of perioperative management is inadequate. However, as Carr (1997) reported, nurses are not the only group of health care professionals who demonstrate a lack of 'expertise' in providing analgesic relief. Carr reviewed the survey of 27 medical schools by Marcer and Deighton in 1988 which revealed that 4 schools undertook no formal teaching on pain control, and the remainder averaged only 3.5 hours during a four year course. Clearly, perioperative pain management remains a major problem! We have suggested that surgical nurses must have a sound knowledge of the neurophysiology associated with this subjective phenomenon (Clancy and McVicar 1998) since such an understanding is paramount in assisting the decision making process which underpins effective individualised perioperative pain management.