全面建成小康社会目标对福建电力发展之思考

分析全面建成小康社会福建省的电力需求情况和发展要求,并探讨福建电力的发展目标及实施方案。     

我国电力能源需求响应发展现状与展望

介绍了需求响应在保障电网稳定运行、促进电力供需平衡、新能源消纳等方面的重要作用和意义.重点介绍了电力能源需求响应在我国的发展历程,梳理了我国政府部门针对需求响应颁布的重要支持政策.对我国需求响应发展现状和典型案例进行了分析和梳理,并对我国需求响应发展前景进行了展望.     

我国电力能源需求响应发展现状与展望

介绍了需求响应在保障电网稳定运行、促进电力供需平衡、新能源消纳等方面的重要作用和意义。重点介绍了电力能源需求响应在我国的发展历程,梳理了我国政府部门针对需求响应颁布的重要支持政策。对我国需求响应发展现状和典型案例进行了分析和梳理,并对我国需求响应发展前景进行了展望。     

全面建设小康社会的能源保障问题

到2020年我国将建成小康社会,按照保守的估计人均能源消费量将达到2toe,全国将达到近30亿toe。综观国内能源资源条件,国内能源供应将面临潜在的总量短缺,尤其是石油、天然气供应将面临结构性短缺。为应对挑战需要采取以下对策:调整和优化能源结构,建立可持续能源保障体系;发展洁净煤技术,减少能源利用对环境的影响;优先发展水电,提高水电在能源消费结构中的比例;大力促进新能源和可再生能源的发展;给核能发电应有的地位,达到能源消费总量的1/10;坚持节能和提高能源利用效率;多元化利用国际油气资源,规避能源风险;建立以石油储备为主的能源战略储备体系,保障能源安全。     

试论农村能源建设与全面建设小康社会

党的十六大提出了全面建设小康社会的战略目标。本文通过对农村能源建设的发展历程和新能源和可再生能源发展状况的介绍,指出了农村能源建设对全面建设小康社会的重要意义,并分析了农村能源建设中存在的主要问题,最后提出了有关建议。     

实现全面建设小康社会必须强化节能

2003年11月3～8日,国家发展改革委、科技部、广电总局、全国总工会、共青团中央联合举办新世纪第三个全国节能宣传周活动。节能宣传周活动是1990年国务院第六次节能办公会议确定的,旨在通过一系列的宣传活动,提高全民的节能意识、资源意识和环境意识。2003年节能宣传周的主     

强化节能是实现全面建设小康社会目标的必然选择

(一)能源开发成就巨大。建国以来，特别是改革开放以来，我国能源发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。2002年，我国一次能源产量达到13．87亿吨标准煤，其中煤炭13．8亿吨，原油1．67亿吨，分别居世界第一和第五位；发电量达16540亿度，居世界第二位。     

面向2050年的中国电力发展展望

电力转型是我国能源转型的重要环节。本文基于自主开发的适合我国中长期电力发展的源网荷储协调规划模型,将各类电源、骨干电网、需求侧资源与储能等统筹考虑,在计及相关发展目标与约束条件的情况下进行系统整体优化,求解了我国当前至2050年电力系统发展优化方案,可为研判我国电力系统发展路径、制定合理转型政策提供量化参考。     

上海市应对电力短缺策略研究报告

近年来，上海的电力需求持续快速增长，电力供需矛盾日趋突出。2003年夏季，在采取了错峰、避峰等措施后，最高用电负荷仍达1362万kW，电力缺口高达200万kW。根据预测，2004年夏季最高用电负荷将超过1600万kw，缺口将增大到400万kw。2004～2007年电力供应短缺形势仍然较为严峻。电力供应短缺已经给上海市的国民经济发展、社会生活造成了较大的影响。     

核动力舰船发展前景展望

对以核动力航空母舰及核潜艇为代表的核动力舰船的技术特点及其技术发展进行介绍,重点对其未来应用前景进行了展望。核动力装置可有效提升舰船的续航能力及自持力,同时节省了燃料空间,从而可携带更多武器弹药并提升作战能力,一定程度上也可改善全舰的隐蔽性。尽管目前依然存在成本高昂及核安全等诸多技术难题,但随着相关技术的不断发展与完善,核动力舰船必将在海防领域起到重要作用。     

Design optimization for the hybrid power system of a green building

This paper proposes an optimal design procedure for a green building equipped with renewable energy, energy storages, and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). First, we introduce the hybrid power system of the green building and construct a simulation model using Matlab/SimPowerSystem?. The model parameters are tuned so that the system responses can be estimated without extensive experiments in the optimization processes. Second, we define the cost and reliability indexes to optimize the system design using three steps: component selection, component sizing, and power management (PM) adjustment. We further define the safety index to evaluate the system's sustainability under extreme conditions when no renewable energy is available. Last, we apply the proposed procedures to the green building and demonstrate the benefits of the optimal design. The proposed method can be directly applied to develop customized hybrid power systems in the future.     

The value of photovoltaic electricity for society

This paper addresses several issues to be considered when assessing the value of PV electricity. The value of PV has been examined from various perspectives—consumer, utility, and environmental—and for central and decentralized PV systems. Aggregating these benefits leads to the value of PV for society. In this context, economic and ecological aspects have been considered. furthermore, feedback from consumers drawing electricity directly from the sun have been taken into account. This is expressed mainly as energy conservation and load-shift effects triggered by changes in consumer behaviour due to decentralized PV systems. Finally, it is proposed that, collectively, the benefits of PV systems will ensure its continued promotion and development as an energy resource, resulting in a presumably slow but steady increase in market penetration.     

Prospects for secure and sustainable electricity supply for Pakistan

Fossil fuel reserves are diminishing rapidly across the world, intensifying the stress on existing reserves day-by-day due to increased demand. Not only that, fossil fuels, presently contributing to 80% of world primary energy, are inflicting enormous impacts on environment. Energy sector has a key role in this regard since energy during its production, distribution and consumption is responsible for producing environmentally harmful substances. There is an urgent need for a quicker switch over of energy systems from conventional to renewables that are sustainable and can meet the present and projected world energy demand. Hydrogen, in the capacity of energy vector and storage medium is expected to be the optimum solution for intermittency and storage of energy produced by renewables. Within the context of Pakistan solar and wind power are two of the most promising renewables.In this article, the current energy consumption for Pakistan is presented and the issue of security of electrical energy supply is discussed. Furthermore, the prospects for a large-scale switch over to renewables are also addressed and the relevant economies and underpinning rationale provided. It has been found that solar energy is a much more economical choice for Pakistan as compared to wind energy-respective costs for solar and wind energy are (US cents/kWh) 20 and 77. This is due to the fact barring the four monsoon months, the average wind speed for the remaining 8 months does not cross an economic threshold. On the contrary, it was found that solar energy has a fairly stable and consistent availability.     

浅析我国能源产业发展与和谐社会建设

本文阐述了能源产业在建设和谐社会中的作用与地位,以及能源资源开发、配置的利益格局与社会和谐问题。指出当前我国能源产业垄断性与社会和谐性之间的主要矛盾,从而需要进一步拓展能源经济社会学的研究。     

Optimal electricity market for wind power

This paper is about electricity market operation when looking from the wind power producers’ point of view. The focus in on market time horizons: how many hours there is between the closing and delivering the bids. The case is for the Nordic countries, the Nordpool electricity market and the Danish wind power production. Real data from year 2001 was used to study the benefits of a more flexible market to wind power producer. As a result of reduced regulating market costs from better hourly predictions to the market, wind power producer would gain up to 8% more if the time between market bids and delivery was shortened from the day ahead Elspot market (hourly bids by noon for 12–36 h ahead). An after sales market where surplus or deficit production could be traded 2 h before delivery could benefit the producer almost as much, gaining 7%.     

Simulating price patterns for tradable green certificates to promote electricity generation from wind

This article uses computer simulation to anticipate the price dynamics in a market for Tradable Green Certificates (TGCs). These markets have been used in Europe to promote generation of electricity from renewable resources like wind. Similar markets have been proposed in the United States of America (USA) where the certificates are called Renewable Energy Credits (RECs). The certificates are issued to the generating companies for each megawatt-hour of renewable electricity generation. The companies may sell the certificates in a market, and the revenues from certificate sales provide an extra incentive to invest in new generating capacity. Proponents argue that this market-based incentive can be designed to support government mandates for a growing fraction of electricity generation from renewable sources. In the USA, these mandates are set by the states and are known as Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS).     

光伏发电系统在某三星级绿色建筑中的应用分析

可再生能源利用是绿色建筑的重要内容之一,对于办公类建筑,光伏发电是主要的可再生能源利用形式。对某绿色建筑项目的光伏发电系统的设计及运营1年的实际发电量进行介绍,为光伏发电系统在类似项目中的应用提供了依据。     

Policy considerations for a sprouting UK green electricity market

Green electricity (GE) is a generic term for electricity generated from clean, environmentally preferable energy sources. Because of its low-to-zero carbon content, the use of GE is seen as a desirable and important option for the UK's carbon emission reduction strategy. Since 1999 GE has been available to all customers in the UK. The market has had positive beginnings with almost all electricity suppliers offering a green electricity product. Marketing has been launched and consumers are beginning to make the switch to green electricity despite the premium charged. An accreditation scheme guarantees that the green purchases match power entering the grid. While the groundwork has been set for a progressive market to emerge, recent energy policy proposals may undermine the progress made. The Utilities Bill and Climate Change Levy, despite aiming to support renewables, are introducing a number of uncertainties to the market, while the New Electricity Trading Arrangement undermines the growth of some renewables altogether. These uncertainties mean there is some question about where the potential for this market lies. Research carried out by the Environmental Change Institute examines the developments of the UK's GE market; it traces past and present policies and identifies policy options for the promotion of this sector in future.     

Prospects of renewable energy utilisation for electricity generation in Bangladesh

Bangladesh has been facing a power crisis for about a decade, mainly because of inadequate power generation capacity compared with demand and the ageing infrastructure of many existing power generation facilities. Only 20% of the total population are connected to grid electricity—25% in urban areas and a mere 10% in rural areas where 80% of the total population resides. Currently, most power plants in Bangladesh (representing 84.5% of the total installed capacity) use natural gas—the main commercial primary energy source, with limited national reserves—as a fuel. Electricity supply to low-load rural and remote areas is characterised by high transmission and distribution costs and transmission losses, and heavily subsidised pricing.Renewable energy sources in Bangladesh, particularly biomass, can play a major role to meet electricity demands in the rural and remote areas of the country. The current study indicates that in 2003, the national total generation and recovery rates of biomass in Bangladesh were 148.983 and 86.276 Mtonne, respectively. In energy term, the national annual amount of the recoverable biomass is equivalent to 312.613 TWh. Considering the present national consumption of biomass, total available biomass resources potential for electricity generation vary from 183.865 to 223.794 TWh. Biomass energy potential in the individual districts of the country has been estimated for the planning small- to medium-scale biomass-to-electricity plants.