Gravity Separation of Particulate Solids in Turbulent Fluid Flow

The separation characteristics of particles' settling velocity, size, density, and shape are introduced, and the equivalent settling condition for laminar, transition, and turbulent flow are explained. A similarity model of particle transport in a turbulent flow field is briefly discussed. Typical operation principles in separation devices for counter current and cross-flow separation are presented. The separation function, cut point, sharpness, and separation stage utilization coefficient are determined to assess the efficiency for process sequences for multistage turbulent cross-flow separation. Satisfactory to very good results were achieved in the difficult separation of a partially liberated aggregate consisting of hardened cement paste rubble with sharpness from 0.66 to 0.94 at separation stage utilization coefficients of 7 to 87%. Specific mass flow rates of 3 to 16 t/(m² · h) and mass related energy consumption of 0.2 to 8 kWh/t were obtained.     

废弃氧化铟锡中铟的回收技术综述

废弃氧化铟锡(ITO)的回收利用对我国铟资源的可持续发展与环境保护具有重要意义。本文首先对废弃ITO的回收潜能进行了初步评估;进而系统概述了废弃ITO回收技术的研究进展,回收工艺主要包括湿法与火法,分析比较了现有回收技术的优缺点;在此基础上,指出了当前废弃ITO资源化处理过程中存在的主要问题及相应的解决对策;最后展望了废弃ITO资源化利用未来的研究趋势,开发高效、环境友好型回收工艺是今后重要的研究课题。     

聚酯循环利用新进展

介绍了国内外废旧聚酯循环利用的新工艺与新方法。物理循环新技术通过熔融、净化、固态缩聚等过程制得高质量的再生聚酯;化学循环技术可获得高纯度的聚酯单体,用作直接合成新聚酯,并构成闭路循环的绿色化工过程。     

创造性思维的应用实例及其启示作用

以矿物加工领域新出现的空气重介质流化床选矿方法提出的背景和实现途径为基础,运用发散—收敛模型讨论了解决工程技术问题时创造性成果的产生机制,分析了创造性思维的应用过程及其启示作用。     

聚合物材料再循环利用的研究与进展

当今世界上废弃的聚合物给环境带来了严重的污染问题，其处理研究成为世界环境保护研究的一大课题，文中概述了废旧聚合物的特点及其处理和利用的途径；介绍了废旧聚合物分离技术，并对聚合物材料的回收利用作了简述，并讨论了聚合物废物利用的发展趋势和前景。     

包装废弃物回收物流管理的探讨

包装废弃物的回收再利用是循环经济发展的要求,包装废弃物的回收具有多重效益,讨论包装废弃物回收的方式及我国包装废弃物回收物流存在的问题,就其问题提出了几点管理建议.有利于提高我国包装废弃物回收的效率.     

废旧塑料包装改性共混再生节能减碳新主张(上)

废旧包装再生塑料再生料改性技术的种类很多,常用的有共混改性、填充改性、增强改性、增韧改性、接枝改性、催化裂解和热裂解等方法。根据废旧塑料共混改性是大力发展的高新技术,研究了再生塑料共混改性的技术方法,介绍了废旧塑料物理改性利用的相容剂,同时指出了废旧塑料的共混增容改性回收再生利用技术研发。     

退役汽车有色金属涡电流分选的发展现状和展望

涡电流分选自20世纪70年代以来,共经历了5个发展阶段,目前已广泛应用于退役汽车破碎料等固体废弃物中有色金属的回收与再利用.目前,国内外对涡电流分选开展了深入研究,主要研究内容包括分选力模型、分选效率、细粒物料分选及计算机控制等4个方面.简述了报废汽车回收利用现状、破碎料分选流程及涡电流分选的重要作用,并对涡电流分选在上述4个方面的国内外研究进展及应用现状进行了总结;同时展望了涡电流分选的前景和未来发展的趋势.     

Insulin-loaded calcium pectinate nanoparticles: effects of pectin molecular weight and formulation pH

Insulin-loaded calcium pectinate nanoparticles were prepared as a potential colonic delivery system by ionotropic gelation with calcium ions. The effects of pectin molecular weight (M_v) and formulation pH on the characteristics of the nanoparticles were evaluated. Commercial pectins, LM101 and LM104, with respective degrees of esterification of 36% and 28%, were depolymerized by mechanical milling to give M_v ranging from 89 to 5.6 kDa. Milled pectins did not yield nanoparticles with significantly different mean diameter and insulin association efficiency (AE) compared to nanoparticles of unmilled pectins. LM104 nanoparticles had smaller variation in mean size than the LM101 nanoparticles. Formulation pH significantly influenced the AE and stability of the nanoparticles. Increasing the pH from 2 to 3 enhanced the AE by three-fold, from 32.76% to 93.31%, at an insulin loading concentration of 80 U/mL. This increase in AE was correlated to the charge density on the pectin molecules as a function of pH. Subsequent release of associated insulin from the nanoparticles was dependent on the extent of dilution of the nanoparticle dispersion and the pH of the dissolution medium. Cross-flow filtration could be used to separate the nanoparticles from unassociated ions and molecules, without compromising the characteristics of the nanoparticles.     

我国电子废弃物回收工艺研究进展

总结了处理电子废弃物的传统基本技术及其特点.针对传统工艺的缺陷综述了我国具有处理流程简单、成本低、资源利用率较高等优点的电子废弃物回收新工艺的研究进展,重点介绍了机械物理复合工艺处理废旧家电、废旧电池及废旧PCB板.同时提出了我国电子废弃物资源化方面的一些新动向和潜在的问题.     

用膜分离技术处理废水的研究

介绍了用膜分离技术处理药厂四环素，林可霉废水和含油率水的结果，膜材料不同废水对膜污染也不同。；对含油废水，取偏氟乙烯膜受污染最轻，醋酸纤维素膜次之，以聚砚为材料的膜受污染最严重。     

废旧塑料在复合材料领域中回用技术的研究进展

介绍了国内外废旧塑料现状以及废旧塑料在复合材料领域利用新进展,综述了废旧塑料在植物纤维/废旧塑料复合材料、废纸/废塑料复合材料、木塑复合发泡材料、可生物降解塑料复合材料及其他复合材料领域的再利用技术新进展,并分析了废旧塑料在复合材料领域回收再利用技术的发展趋势,提出应进一步探讨不同种类废旧塑料对复合材料力学性能及植物纤维/废旧塑料界面相容性的影响。     

Glastic Composite Prototypes: A Materials Alternative for Recycling Plastic and Glass Waste

Multiple plastic compositions containing polyethylene, polystyrene, PVC, ABS, Nylon, polypropylene, with various particle morphologies and a narrow range of sizes and size distributions were mixed with similar size brown glass into glastic composites having glass compositions of 15, 30, and 45 wt%. These prototypes were molded in a form similar to standard clay bricks at 235°C and were compression tested to more than double the fracture stress of clay bricks at temperatures ranging from 20 to 50°C. These prototypes illustrate the prospects for utilizing waste plastics and glass in simple commercial materials applications and the relief of land fill problems which are now world-wide.     

Evaluation and verification of the virgin–recycled mixing ratio of polypropylene plastic

This study has analyzed the properties of blended polypropylene (PP) specimens and employed statistical analysis to develop a method for determining the virgin–recycled mixing ratio of a specimen. Morphological observations and analyses of thermal and mechanical properties were conducted to examine specimen properties. The results were incorporated into regression analysis to create relationship equations. The results revealed that the melt temperature ranged between 167 and 169 °C, melt index (MI) ranged between 7.59 and 18.36 g/10 min, viscosity decreased when the amount of recycled PP and the rotation speed increased, the maximum decomposition temperature decreased with an increase in recycled PP content and increased with the heating rate, activation energy (E_a) ranged between 39.91 and 12.07 kcal/mol, Young’s modulus ranged between 1121.1 and 1910.2 MPa, and impact strength ranged between 37.94and 49.41 J/m (no significant trends). Scanning electron microscopy showed unbroken fibrils distributed on the fracture surface of Specimens 1–3. Additionally, the tensile strain of these specimens was comparatively high. The fracture surfaces of the specimens showed favorable compatibility after undergoing impact tests. The results of regression analysis indicated that the mixing ratio achieved significant correlations with E_a, MI, and Young’s modulus. Thus, regression and multiple regression analysis were performed to create relationship equations.     

铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)废弃靶材回收再利用的研究

将AZO原料粉末和AZO残靶研磨后的粉末混合,采用注浆成型和常压大气烧结工艺制备靶材,实验主要测试了相对密度、吸水率、线收缩率和电阻率等性能,并通过XRD和SEM表征AZO靶材的晶体形态和微观结构,与新靶材进行性能对比,研究残靶粉末回收利用对靶材性能的影响。残靶粉末的加入对AZO靶材有轻微影响,测试结果显示烧结温度1450℃、保温5h、AZO残靶加入量为10%时有较好的性能:相对密度高达99.24%,吸水率和收缩率分别为17.96%和15.70%,电阻率为2.12×10-3Ω·cm。含有残靶的AZO靶材稍差的性能可能归结于AZO粉末和残靶粉末的兼容性。     

废旧高分子材料回收利用的进展

概述了目前高分子材料的回收利用情况,在列举原有废旧聚合物回收途径的同时,详细说明了废旧聚合物回收利用的新进展,如生物侵蚀法回收废橡胶．回收橡胶与热塑性塑料的共混体,废胶粉粒子添加到水泥中,热解废塑料,塑料“再生木材”,废塑料和玻璃复合商用砖等等。     

废旧聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的回收再利用研究进展

聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)树脂具有优异的成膜性、光学透明度及较强的柔韧性、弹性、粘结性、抗冲击等性能,广泛应用于陶瓷花纸、涂料、粘合剂、汽车挡风玻璃夹层材料、太阳能电池封装材料等领域,但PVB呈现不可降解特性,大量的废旧PVB树脂的产出极易造成资源浪费和环境污染。如何实现废旧PVB树脂的回收和再利用是当前工程领域内的研究热点。本文简要介绍了PVB树脂的特性及废旧PVB树脂的来源,详细阐述了废旧PVB树脂的回收技术,列举了再生PVB树脂在过滤材料、吸附材料、增韧材料、发泡材料及电化学材料中的应用现状,综述内容为废旧PVB树脂的回收再利用提供了参考。     

基于核心能力理论的报废武器装备回收模式分析

通过借鉴地方企业对废旧产品的回收模式,结合我军实际,得到了由各战区销毁机构、装备制造厂家和第三方认证企业等3种回收机构所各自形成的3种回收模式。运用核心能力理论进行分析,得出了我军报废武器装备的回收处理,应以各战区销毁机构为主导,配以装备制造厂家和第三方认证企业的合作来共同进行。为我军报废武器的处理提供了参考依据。     

乡村废弃蛋壳资源设计再造应用研究

目的 废弃蛋壳属于典型乡村废弃物,而乡村废弃物的累积会导致生态环境问题。因此,对此类资源进行有效利用是乡村生态文化建设的重要内容。方法 本文通过对乡村废弃蛋壳资源设计的再造工艺进行研究,将废弃蛋壳转化为一种新型塑合物材料。同时,本研究对该材料的可加工性能、稳定性能,以及外观表现效果进行了初步的测试,以研究材料的产品设计应用方向。在此基础上开展设计应用,并以问卷的形式,调研用户对设计成果的使用满意度。结果 开展基于乡村场景的设计应用实践,将废弃蛋壳设计再造为装饰品和生活用品。结论 设计再造的工艺将废弃蛋壳制成易于加工的新材料,使其具有独特的外表肌理、透光性、一定的稳定性,且能够自然地降解。设计应用流程简单,不需要专业设备,成本低、能耗少、对环境友好,适合于乡村场景下的小批量手工艺产品,展现乡土美感,具有一定应用前景。     

电子设备回收网络决策模型研究

为了便于电子企业在开展电子设备回收业务前定量决策回收网络的规模,在分析现有回收过程特点和决策模型的基础上,提出了四阶段电子设备回收过程模型,并以此为基础,构建了相应的回收网络决策模型.该模型以最低费用为目标构建目标函数,重点考虑物料平衡以及废弃率和翻新率.该模型包含了网络的五项运输费用,七项新建回收中心或外协费用,以及三项政府资助费用,二十二项限制条件.最后通过一个实际算例验证了其有效性.