Nd含量对快淬纳米晶和非晶（Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx（x=0~20）合金电化学性能的影响

采用快淬技术制备Mg2Ni型纳米晶和非晶（Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx （x=0,5,10,15,20）合金,研究快淬速度对合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,快淬态无 Nd 合金为纳米晶结构,而添加 Nd 元素的快淬态合金为纳米晶和非晶结构,表明添加Nd元素可促进Mg2Ni型合金的非晶形成能力。当快淬速度从0增加至40 m/s时, x=0合金的放电容量从42.5增加至100.6 mA·h/g;x=10合金的放电容量从86.4增加至452.8 mA·h/g。与此同时, x=0合金的循环稳定性（S20）也由40.2%增加到41.1%,而x=10合金的S20值由53.2%增加到89.7%。     

添加Cu-Nd的Mg2Ni型纳米晶和非晶合金的吸氢动力学性能（英文）

采用快淬方法制备添加Cu及Nd元素的具有纳米晶和非晶结构的(Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x(x=0,5,10,15,20)合金。用X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨率投射电镜(HRTEM)分析铸态及快淬态合金的相组成及结构,并研究Nd含量和快淬速率对合金相结构及吸氢性能的影响。结果表明,快淬态无Nd合金为纳米晶结构,而含Nd的快淬态合金则为纳米晶和非晶结构,表明添加Nd促进了合金的非晶形成能力。添加Nd及快淬处理均显著地促进了合金的气态及电化学动力学性能。添加Nd及快淬处理加快了氢原子在合金体内的扩散速率,但是均降低了合金电极表面的电荷传递性能,从而使得合金的高倍率放电性能(HRD)随着Nd含量和快淬速率的增加先上升而后下降。     

添加Cu-Nd的Mg_2Ni型纳米晶和非晶合金的吸氢动力学性能(英文)

采用快淬方法制备添加Cu及Nd元素的具有纳米晶和非晶结构的(Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x(x=0,5,10,15,20)合金。用X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨率投射电镜(HRTEM)分析铸态及快淬态合金的相组成及结构,并研究Nd含量和快淬速率对合金相结构及吸氢性能的影响。结果表明,快淬态无Nd合金为纳米晶结构,而含Nd的快淬态合金则为纳米晶和非晶结构,表明添加Nd促进了合金的非晶形成能力。添加Nd及快淬处理均显著地促进了合金的气态及电化学动力学性能。添加Nd及快淬处理加快了氢原子在合金体内的扩散速率,但是均降低了合金电极表面的电荷传递性能,从而使得合金的高倍率放电性能(HRD)随着Nd含量和快淬速率的增加先上升而后下降。     

Nd对Zr基非晶合金形成能力、热稳定性及耐腐蚀性的影响

利用铜模吸铸法在水冷坩埚中制备了4种(Zr0.55Al0.1Ni0.05Cu0.3)100-xNdx(x=0,1,2,3)块体非晶合金。采用XRD和DSC检测了所获合金相组成、非晶形成能力及热稳定性,并采用盐酸溶液浸泡腐蚀试验评价了不同合金的腐蚀速率。结果表明,适量添加Nd可提高Zr0.55Al0.1Ni0.05Cu0.3非晶合金的形成能力和热稳定性,但非晶合金在2mol/L HCl溶液中的耐蚀性随Nd含量的增加而降低。该结果对进一步改善和提高非晶合金的性能具有重要的参考价值。     

非晶合金Zr52．5Cu27Ni5．5Al12Nb3中纳米晶的形成及其对压缩力学性能的影响

采用射流铸造法在水冷铜模中制备出成分为Zr52．5Cu30-xNi5．5Al12Nbx（x=0，3）的块体非晶合金。x=0时，样品为完全非晶结构；x=3时，试样的组织为非晶基体上均匀分布着尺度为20nm的富含Zr和Nb的成分偏聚区，同时富集区内镶嵌着尺寸为5nm左右bcc结构的Zr-Nb固溶体纳米颗粒。Zr52．5Cu27Ni55Al12Nb3合金的强度较具有完全非晶结构的Zr52.5Cu3027Ni55Al12合金有明显的提高：断裂强度由1600MPa增加到1964MPa。非晶基体上析出的纳米颗粒和成分偏聚增加了剪切变形的阻力。同时，基体变形由单滑移（x=0）转变为多滑移（x=3），并且滑移相互交错，避免了由于不均匀形夺诰成的据前脆断。提高了基体的强度。     

纳米晶和非晶Mg20-xLaxNi10(x=0-6)贮氢合金的贮氢行为

用快淬技术制备了Mg2Ni型贮氢合金,合金的名义成分为Mg20-xLaxNi10 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6)。用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析了合金的微观结构。发现不含La的快淬合金中没有非晶相,但含La快淬合金中显示以非晶相为主。当La含量x≤2时,铸态合金的主相为Mg2Ni相,但随着La含量的进一步增加,铸态合金的主相改变为(La,Mg)Ni3+LaMg3相。应用Sieverts设备研究了铸态及快淬态合金的吸放氢量及动力学,结果表明,x=2的合金吸放氢量及动力学随淬速的增加而增加,但对于x=6的合金,结果是相反的。电化学测试结果表明,x=2合金的放电容量随淬速的增加而增加,而对于x=6合金,结果也是相反的。快淬显著地提高了x=2, 6合金的循环稳定性     

半固态等温处理Ti_(48)Zr_(18)V_(12)Cu_5Be_(17)非晶合金的显微组织演变

采用水冷铜模吸铸法制备内生β-Ti晶体相增塑Ti_(48)Zr_(18)V_(12)Cu_5Be_(17)块体非晶复合材料,研究该材料在半固态温度区间的显微组织演变及其动力学。结果表明:水冷铜模吸铸的铸态组织和半固态等温处理后的水淬组织均由β-Ti晶体相和基体非晶相组成。半固态等温处理温度和保温时间决定着β-Ti相的最终形态,提高等温处理温度将提高β-Ti相的演变速度。β-Ti相晶粒尺寸D~3和保温时间t存在线性关系,生长动力学因子K=3.6μm~3/s,β-Ti相的球化过程是由溶质元素扩散控制的粗化行为。     

快淬纳米晶/非晶Mg2-xLaxNi (x=0~0.6)合金的电化学贮氢性能

用铸造及快淬工艺制备Mg2Ni型Mg2-xLaxNi(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金。用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构。结果发现,在快淬无La合金中没有出现非晶相,但快淬含La合金显示了以非晶相为主的结构。用DSC研究快淬合金的热稳定性,表明La的含量及快淬对非晶相的晶化温度影响很小。电化学测试结果表明,铸态合金的放电容量随La含量的增加而增加,快淬态合金的放电容量随La含量的变化有极大值。La替代Mg显著地提高了铸态及快淬态合金的循环稳定性。     

Cu对Mg-Zn-Ca合金非晶形成能力与力学性能的影响

采用铜模造制备直径为3 mm的Mg70-xZn25Ca5Cux(x=1,2,3.5,5)系列合金.分别采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRO)、力学性能试验装置研究合金的显微组织、相组成和铸态样品的压缩性能,并对断日形貌进行分析.结果表明:Mg69Zn25Ca5Cu1可以形成直径为3 mm的非晶合金,其强度和塑性应变分别为690 MPa和1.7%.与Mg-Zn-Ca合金相比,其非晶形成能力和塑性应变均有提高.同时这也是目前在直径大于2 mm的Mg基非晶合金中所发现的最大塑性应变量.     

快淬工艺对Mg2Ni型合金气态及电化学贮氢动力学的影响

用铸造及快淬工艺制备Mg2Ni型Mg2-xLaxNi(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金。用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构,合金的气态贮氢动力学性能用自动控制的Sieverts设备测试,并用程控电池测试仪测试合金的电化学贮氢动力学。结果发现,La替代Mg明显地改变Mg2Ni型合金的相组成。当x≤0.2时,La替代Mg不改变合金的主相Mg2Ni,但出现少量的LaMg3及La2Mg17相。当La替代量x≥0.4时,合金的主相改变为(La,Mg)Ni3+LaMg3。快淬含La合金显示了以非晶相为主的结构,表明La替代Mg提高了Mg2Ni型合金的非晶形成能力。合金的气态及电化学吸放氢动力学对La含量及快淬工艺敏感,适当的快淬处理可以提高合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学,但获得最佳贮氢动力学的快淬工艺与合金的成分密切相关。     

冷却速度对快冷Ti合金组织与力学性能的影响

通过铜模铸造法制备出了阶梯形的Ti66.7Ni20Cu13.3合金圆柱棒,直径分别为φ2mm、φ3mm、φ4mm和φ6mm。利用x射线衍射（XRD）仪和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等研究了不同冷却速度对Ti66.7Ni20Cu13.3（原子百分比）合金组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明：合金形成Ti基非晶复合材料,直径为西3mm时塑性应变量最大为4．8％,直径为西4mm时最大强度达到1774MPa;随着直径的增大析出较多脆性相,导致试样破坏性脆断。     

熔体过热处理对Cu基块状非晶形成能力的影响及块状非晶的DSC研究

在水冷铜坩埚中采用铜模吸铸法制备出直径为3.0mm的Cu50Zr42Al8合金圆棒,研究了熔体过热处理对铜模吸铸法制备块状非晶合金的影响,表明通过熔体过热处理可以提高块状非晶的形成能力,并且存在一个最佳的过热温度。采用DSC技术对铜基成分为Cu50Zr42Al8块状非晶合金进行变温晶化动力学研究,结果表明,随着升温速率的增大,该合金的热稳定性参数和约化玻璃转变温度(Trg)均增大。     

不同元素掺杂对Zr基非晶形成能力及力学性能的影响

在水冷铜坩埚中采用铜模吸铸法制备成直径为3 mm的Zr63Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5TM2(TM=Y,Fe,Ti)合金圆棒.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、差热分析(DSC)、力学性能及断口扫描(SEM)检测,结果表明Y、Fe、Ti元素微量掺杂可以得到完全非晶,Fe、Ti元素掺杂的试样具有较高的非晶形成能力和热稳定性(△...     

Ni对Mg-Cu-Tb非晶合金形成及力学性能的影响

利用熔体铜模喷铸法制备出直径为3 mm的Mg65Cu25-xNixTb10(x=0,5,10)非晶合金。利用X射线衍射、差热分析、压缩实验分析和扫描电镜分析了添加Ni元素对Mg-Cu-Tb非晶合金形成能力及力学性能的影响。研究表明:随着Ni含量的增加,合金的玻璃转变温度Tg增大;开始结晶温度Tx降低;过冷液相区宽度ΔTx减小,约化玻璃转变温度Trg从0.562降至0.530,非晶形成能力逐渐降低。压缩实验结果表明:当Ni含量增加到5%时可以明显提高Mg-Cu-Tb-Ni非晶合金的断裂强度。     

铁元素添加对Cu基非晶合金结构及力学性能的影响

利用铜模吸铸法制备了(Cu_(0.46)Zr_(0.44)Al_(0.08)Dy_(0.02))_(100-x)Fe_x(x=0,1,3,5,7)非晶合金,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、同步热分析仪(DSC)、透射电镜(TEM)、万能试验机和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了Fe元素添加对Cu基非晶合金结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:Fe元素的适量添加有利于改善Cu_(46)Zr_(44)Al_8Dy_2块体非晶合金的结构,当添加原子分数为1%和3%Fe时,合金为完全非晶结构,并且出现富Fe相和富Cu相两相分离。Fe元素的适量添加有利于提高Cu_(46)Zr_(44)Al_8Dy_2合金的强度和塑性,当添加3%Fe时,块体非晶合金的抗压强度σ_f和塑性ε_p分别达到1835 MPa和0.5%。     

Phase selection and performance of Mg–Cu–Y amorphous composite with different Mg/Cu ratios

In this article, Mg–Cu–Y alloys with two different Mg/Cu ratios(in at%) were prepared using a watercooled copper mold. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were applied to analyze the microstructure and phase composition. Moreover, corrosion resistance and wear resistance were studied systematically. The results show that both Mg65 Cu25 Y10 and Mg60 Cu30 Y10 alloys could form a composition of crystalline and amorphous phases. Although the microstructure of Mg65 Cu25 Y10 consists of an amorphous phase and a-Mg, Mg2 Cu, and Cu2 Y crystalline phases, the microstructure of Mg60 Cu30 Y10 alloy mainly consists of the amorphous phase and a-Mg, Mg2 Cu. With reducing Mg/Cu ratio, the alloys have better corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The mechanism has also been discussed in detail.     

Structure and magnetic characterization of amorphous and crystalline Nd–Fe–Al alloys

Glass formation has been studied in Nd₆₀Fe₃₀Al₁₀ alloy produced by melt-spinning, water quenching and copper mold chill casting. Partially amorphous alloys were obtained by melt-spinning at low wheel speeds of 5 to 15 m/s and by water quenching of a 1-mm diameter rod, while fully amorphous alloys were obtained by melt-spinning at higher wheel speeds of 20 and 30 m/s and chill casting of a 1-mm diameter rod. A high coercivity was observed in the partially amorphous ribbon melt-spun at 5 m/s and water quenched rod, and in the fully amorphous chill cast rod, while low values of coercivity were obtained in fully amorphous ribbons melt-spun at high speeds of 20 and 30 m/s. Crystallization of water quenched and chill cast samples after heat treatment at high temperature resulted in a substantial reduction of the high coercivity. Results of X-ray diffraction indicate that formation of Nd and a ternary Fe–Nd–Al phase with an unknown crystal structure were present after crystallization. TEM results and a magnetic study of the heat treated samples indicate that as long as there is an amorphous phase produced by low cooling rate, the high coercivity remains. The high coercivity of bulk amorphous samples is discussed. The unknown ternary Fe–Nd–Al phase is antiferromagnetic with a Neel temperature at about 260 K.     

Effects of substituting Ni with M (M=Cu, Al and Mn) on microstructures and electrochemical characteristics of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) electrode alloys

In order to improve the electrochemical cycle stability of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) hydrogen storage alloy, Ni in the alloys was partially substituted by M (M=Cu, Al, Mn). A new La-Mg-Ni system electrode alloys La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Mx (M=Cu, Al, Mn;x =0,0.1) were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The effects of element substitution and rapid quenching on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the alloys were investigated. The results by XRD, SEM and TEM show that the alloys havea multiphase structure, including the (La, Mg)Ni3 phase, the LaNi5 phase and the LaNi2 phase. The rapid quenching and element substitution have an imperceptible influence on the phase compositions of the alloys, but both change the phase abundance of the alloys. The rapid quenching significantly improves the composition homogeneity of the alloys and markedly decreases the grain size of the alloys. The Cu substitution promotes the formation of an amorphous phase in the as-quenched alloy, and a reversal result by the Al substitution. The electrochemical measurement indicates that the element substitution decreases the discharge capacity of the alloys, whereas it obviously improves the cycle stability of the alloys. The positive influence of element substitution on the cycle life of the alloys is in sequence Al＞Cu＞Mn, and negative influence on the discharge capacity is in sequence Al＞Mn＞Cu. The rapid quenching significantly enhances the cycle stability of the alloys, but it leads to a different extent decrease of thedischarge capacity of the alloys.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Cu-Y-Zn bulk metallic glass matrix composites prepared in low vacuum

Mg-Cu-Y-Zn bulk metallic glasses(BMG) and in situ bulk metallic glass matrix composites were prepared by copper mold casting under the low vacuum with the argon atmosphere,and the raw materials used in preparing the Mg-Cu-Y-Zn alloys were commercially pure materials.The microstructures of the bulk samples were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and the thermal stability of samples was investigated by using a differential scanning calorimeter(DSC).The thermal stability of sample prepared with commercia...