Fe／AC脱硫剂的还原再生

研究了Fe／AC脱硫剂在不同气氛中的再生行为,并对再生后Fe／AC二次脱硫活性差异的原因进行了探讨,结果表明：脱硫剂经H2再生后二次脱硫活性与初活性相比明显下降,经NH3在350C再生后二次脱硫活性与初活性相比未见下降,以NH3再生后Fe／AC脱硫活性的改善并非是脱硫剂对NH3吸附所造成的表面碱性的提高,而应归因于还原性较弱的NH3仅将Fe2(SO4)3中的SO4^2-选择性还原为SO2 而未与Fe^3 发生反应,从而保证了活性组分在AC表面的高分散性．     

立方相纳米氧化锆基催化剂脱硝机理研究

以纳米c-ZrO2为载体,用浸渍法制备出MnOx-CeO2/c-ZrO2催化剂,考察了组分负载量、反应温度对催化剂NH3-SCR脱硝活性影响,探讨了催化剂表面织构特征,分析了催化剂脱硝活性机理.结果显示,增加活性组分负载量和反应温度,催化剂脱硝效率增加,100℃时,2.5％ MnOx-CeO2/c-ZrO2脱硝效率为65.3％,15％ MnOx-CeO2/c-ZrO2脱硝效率达97.9％.XRD、BET、XPS、H2-TPR表征结果表明,负载后催化剂表面织构对脱硝反应有利.NH3-TPD测试显示,MnOx-CeO2/c-ZrO2催化剂表面Lewis酸位为强酸性位,NH3吸附在Lewis酸性位形成配位态NH3,经生成NH2 NO最后分解为N2和H2O.     

吸附NH3的活性焦脱除SO2的实验研究

对新鲜活性焦和吸附有NH3的活性焦脱除不同气氛中的SO2进行了实验研究。结果表明,当烟气中不含有H2O和O2时,SO2在新鲜活性焦表面的脱除主要是物理吸附。活性焦吸附NH3后,增加了焦表面的碱性,提高了活性焦对SO2的吸附能力。当烟气中含有H2O和O2时,SO2在新鲜活性焦表面的脱除包括吸附和表面反应。NH3吸附在焦表面,不仅与硫酸反应,而且焦表面碱性的增加对SO2的脱除有很大的促进作用。对活性焦样品X射线光电子能谱分析发现,NH3吸附在焦表面产生了含N官能团,此官能团增加了活性焦表面的碱性,对SO2的吸附及氧化具有促进作用。     

V2O5/AC催化剂吸附NH3及其选择性还原脱硝活性

在不同活性焦(Activated Coke, AC)载体上以等体积浸渍法负载V2O5,制备出一系列V2O5/AC催化剂. 通过NH3暂态响应实验和NH3穿透时间实验考察了在200℃下V2O5/AC的表面积、灰分、表面官能团和V2O5对NH3的吸附量及NO的选择性催化还原活性的影响. 结果表明,对于载体未经硝酸处理的催化剂,NH3的吸附位主要是V2O5(参与脱硝反应的NH3的吸附量与催化剂上V2O5负载量的比值为1:5),活性焦及其中的灰分对NH3的吸附量很小;硝酸处理在活性焦表面引入的含氧和含氮酸性官能团对参与脱硝反应的NH3的吸附量是V2O5上吸附量的1.3倍,这些官能团不影响V2O5对NH3的吸附;活性焦上吸附的NH3的脱硝活性很低,但可迁移至V2O5上参与脱硝.     

Fe／AC脱硫剂的还原再生

研究了Fe/AC脱硫剂在不同气氛中的再生行为，并对再生后Fe/AC二次脱硫活性差异的原因进行了探讨。结果表明：脱硫剂经H2再生后二次脱硫活性与初活性相比明显下降，经NH3在350℃再生后二次脱硫活性与初活性相比未见下降，以NH3再生后Fe/AC脱硫活性的改善并非是脱硫剂对NH3吸附所造成的表面碱性的提高，而应归因子还原性较弱的NH3仅将Fe（SO4）3中的SO4^2-选择性还原为SO2，而未与Fe^3 发生反应，从而保证了活性组分在AC表面的高分散性。     

氨基修饰聚醚醚酮表面及其成骨细胞相容性

首先采用硼氢化钠将聚醚醚酮(PEEK)表面的羰基还原为羟基,获得羟基化预处理的PEEK,再用3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷与其进行反应,将氨基(—NH2)引入至PEEK表面以改善其细胞相容性。用X射线光电子能谱和力学性能测试对表面化学处理的PEEK进行表征,同时,用MC3T3–E1成骨细胞评价表面氨基修饰的PEEK的细胞相容性。结果表明,硼氢化钠成功地将PEEK表面的羰基还原为羟基,—NH2成功地引入至PEEK表面;表面化学处理前后PEEK的拉伸及弯曲强度未发生明显变化;和未修饰的PEEK表面相比,—NH2修饰的PEEK表面能显著促进成骨细胞的粘附、铺展及增殖。     

V2O5-WO3/TiO2-SiO2制备及其选择性催化还原脱硝活性

以硫酸氧钛和硅溶胶为原料,通过共沉淀法制备得到高比表面积的TiO2-SiO2复合氧化物(Ti/Si=1:1atom),并以此复合氧化物为载体用浸渍法制备了V2O5-WO3/TiO2-SiO2脱硝催化剂,考察了催化剂脱硝性能。结果表明,TiO2-SiO2复合氧化物载体出现较多的隧道孔,提高了载体的比表面积,同时Ti元素更易分布在复合氧化物的表面。相比较于纯TiO2,以复合氧化物为载体的V2O5-WO3催化剂表现出更好的活性温度窗口,催化剂表面酸性更强,催化剂对NH3的吸附性能更好,在低的NH3/NO摩尔比情况下(0.8～1.0mol?mol?1),仍然具有较好的脱硝活性,反应温度280～350℃时,脱硝率可达到98%。     

表面等离子共振技术快速测定牛血清白蛋白含量

目的采用表面等离子共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)技术快速检测痕量牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)含量。方法将兔抗BSA抗体标记到表面等离子共振芯片表面,监测BSA与抗体结合后SPR芯片表面的变化,利用SPR技术建立快速检测痕量BSA的新方法,对建立的方法进行检出限、定量限和最佳线性范围的确定,并进行重复性验证及初步应用。结果抗体的标记水平为10 000 RU,对BSA具有良好的亲和能力;基于信噪比为3时,BSA的检出限为0.003 ng/ml,基于信噪比为10时,BSA的定量限为0.01 ng/ml,BSA浓度在0.01~100 ng/ml范围内,与SPR仪响应值的变化量呈良好的线性关系,R2=0.997 9;用建立的SPR方法检测不同浓度BSA的日内RSD为3.3%~4.6%,日间RSD为3.4%~4.8%,均小于5%;SPR方法和间接竞争酶联免疫测定法(indirect competitive ELISA,icELISA)检测不同浓度BSA含量的结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论已建立了采用SPR技术检测BSA的新方法,可用于痕量BSA的快速检测。     

铁铈复合选择性催化还原脱硝催化剂的碱金属(钾)中毒机理

采用湿法浸渍法将碱金属(钾和钠)负载到柠檬酸法制备的铁铈复合催化剂(FeCeO_x)表面模拟中毒,考察碱金属对此催化剂低温选择性催化还原(SCR)脱硝活性的影响;通过N2吸附、程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD、NO-TPD)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)及原位漫反射红外傅里叶变换光谱(in situ DRIFTS)等表征技术分析了催化剂的失活原因和机理。结果表明,碱金属钾比钠对铁铈复合催化剂的脱硝活性影响更大;碱金属钾中毒后,催化剂的比表面积和氧化还原性能下降;钾降低了催化剂的低温NOx吸附能力,尤其是减少了活性硝酸盐物种而生成更多的惰性硝酸盐物种;催化剂表面酸性的显著下降是此催化剂失活的主要因素,且Br?nsted酸位和Lewis酸位两种酸性位均受到钾的影响,抑制着NH3在催化剂表面的吸附。     

双金属交换的Cu-Mn/SSZ-39催化剂的NH3-SCR脱硝性能

以SSZ-39为载体,采用离子交换法制备不同铜锰物质的量比的Cu-Mn/SSZ-39分子筛催化剂,并考察其在以NH3为还原剂的选择性催化还原NO反应(NH3-SCR)中的脱硝活性.通过XRD、SEM、N2吸脱附、NH3-TPD、H2-TPR、XPS、ICP等对催化剂的结构、形貌、表面酸性等进行表征.结果表明,Cu2+提供主要的反应活性位,使催化剂具有良好的脱硝活性和N2选择性;Mn2+/3+交换提高了催化剂的表面酸性,特别是增加了弱Lewis酸的含量;Cu2+、Mn2+/3+双金属交换的Cu-Mn/SSZ-39催化剂具有良好的低温脱硝活性和水热稳定性.当Cu与Mn的物质的量比为1:0.6时,Cu-Mn(0.6)/SSZ-39具有最低的起燃温度(T50为125℃),在184～433℃的宽温度范围内NO转化率达到90％以上,并在450℃内保持90％以上的N2选择性.水热老化后的Cu-Mn/SSZ-39-A基本保持了原有的晶型、形貌和脱硝活性,体现了良好的水热稳定性.     

Fabrication and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticle coated magnetic iron oxide: Effect of S-layers adsorption on surface of oxide

Mixed zinc oxide nanoparticle coated magnetic iron oxide has been prepared by a sol–gel and co-precipitation routes. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation of ferric and ferrous ions with ammonia, and then zinc oxide was coated onto the surface of magnetic iron oxide by hydrolysis of zinc precursors. As a result, zinc oxide coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with an average size of 68 nm were obtained. The crystalline bacterial cell surface layer)S-layer (used in this study was isolated from Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC 12046. The S-layer was adsorbed onto the surface of zinc oxide nanoparticle coated magnetic iron oxide. The nanoparticles were analyzed by X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the structural and the chemical features of the nanocomposites. The infrared spectra indicate that the S-layer-nanoparticle interaction occurs. This novel nanoparticle showed admirable potential in adsorption of S-layers on the surface of oxides for drug delivery.     

Synthesis of Organic Dye-Impregnated Silica Shell-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by a New Method

A new method for preparing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated by organic dye-doped silica shell was developed in this article. Iron oxide nanoparticles were first coated with dye-impregnated silica shell by the hydrolysis of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HTMOS) which produced a hydrophobic core for the entrapment of organic dye molecules. Then, the particles were coated with a hydrophilic shell by the hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), which enabled water dispersal of the resulting nanoparticles. The final product was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and vibration sample magnetometer. All the characterization results proved the final samples possessed magnetic and fluorescent properties simultaneously. And this new multifunctional nanomaterial possessed high photostability and minimal dye leakage.     

Sustained Release of Prindopril Erbumine from Its Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

The preparation of magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan-prindopril erbumine was accomplished and confirmed by X-ray diffraction, TEM, magnetic measurements, thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopic studies. X-ray diffraction and TEM results demonstrated that the magnetic nanoparticles were pure iron oxide phase, having a spherical shape with a mean diameter of 6 nm, compared to 15 nm after coating with chitosan-prindopril erbumine (FCPE). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study shows that the coating of iron oxide nanoparticles takes place due to the presence of some bands that were emerging after the coating process, which belong to the prindopril erbumine (PE). The thermal stability of the PE in an FCPE nanocomposite was remarkably enhanced. The release study showed that around 89% of PE could be released within about 93 hours by a phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4, which was found to be of sustained manner governed by first order kinetic. Compared to the control (untreated), cell viability study in 3T3 cells at 72 h post exposure to both the nanoparticles and the pure drug was found to be sustained above 80% using different doses.     

Carbon-coated iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging

Coprecipitated ferrite nanoparticles were coated with carbon using a hydrothermal method. From transmission electron microscope pictures, we could see that the coated iron oxide nanoparticles were spherical in shape with an average diameter of 90 nm. The strong bonding of carbon on the nanoparticle surfaces was checked by noting the C = O and C = C vibrations in Fourier transform infrared spectra. The spin-lattice relaxation process [T ₁] and spin-spin relaxation process [T ₂] relaxivities of hydrogen protons in the aqueous solution of coated nanoparticles were determined to be 1.139 (mM·s)^-1 and 1.115 (mM·s)^-1, respectively. These results showed that the carbon-coated iron oxide nanoparticles are applicable as both T ₁ and T ₂ contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging.     

Preparation and characterization of magnetic nanofibers with iron oxide nanoparticles and poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Iron oxide nanoparticle/Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanowebs were obtained by electrospinning. To achieve superparamagnetic properties, iron oxide nanoparticles with diameters below 25 nm were used. Diameter distribution of iron oxide nanoparticles was measured by a particle size analyzer. Iron oxide nanoparticles were added into 16 wt % PET solution in the ratio of 5, 10, and 15 wt % to PET. The morphology of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanowebs was observed using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanofiber diameter increased as increasing iron oxide nanoparticle concentration. The superparamagnetic behavior of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanofiber was confirmed using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The degree of crystallinity of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanowebs was calculated from a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) results. The change of flexural rigidity and tensile properties of electrospun iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanowebs with the external magnetic field were examined ISO 9073-7 testing method, universal testing machine and an appropriate magnet. Also, the elastic modulus of iron oxide nanoparticle/PET nanofiber was measured using nanoindentation. With applying magnetic field, the improvement in mechanical properties of field-responsive magnetic nanofibers and nanowebs was confirmed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

分散聚合法合成含有环氧基的无孔超顺磁性微球及其表征

Non-porous superparamagnetic polymer microspheres with epoxy groups were prepared by dispersion polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in the presence of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles coated with oleic acid. The polymerization was carried out in the ethanol/water medium using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as stabilizer and initiator, respectively. The magnetic microspheres obtained were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the magnetic microspheres had an average size of 1μm with superparamagnetic characteristics. The saturation magnetization was found to be 4.5emu·g-1. There was abundance of epoxy groups with density of 0.028 mmol·g-1 in microspheres. The magnetic PGMA microspheres have extensive potential uses in magnetic bioseparation and biotechnology.     

The synthesis and characterization of monodispersed chitosan-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a facile one-step solvothermal process for adsorption of bovine serum albumin

Preparation of magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan (CS-coated Fe₃O₄ NPs) in one step by the solvothermal method in the presence of different amounts of added chitosan is reported here. The magnetic property of the obtained magnetic composite nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magnetic measurements (VSM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed the identification of spherical nanoparticles with about 150 nm in average diameter. Characterization of the products by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) demonstrated that CS-coated Fe₃O₄ NPs were obtained. Chitosan content in the obtained nanocomposites was estimated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption properties of the CS-coated Fe₃O₄ NPs for bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated under different concentrations of BSA. Compared with naked Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, the CS-coated Fe₃O₄ NPs showed a higher BSA adsorption capacity (96.5 mg/g) and a fast adsorption rate (45 min) in aqueous solutions. This work demonstrates that the prepared magnetic nanoparticles have promising applications in enzyme and protein immobilization.     

Preparation of Janus-type superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modified with functionalized PCL/PHEMA via photopolymerization for dual drug delivery

In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized by the coprecipitation of FeCl₂˙4H₂O and FeCl₃˙6H₂O and applied as a core for preparation of Janus nanoparticles. Accordingly, freshly modified methacrylated iron oxide nanoparticles were reacted with two functionalized polymers. Acrylated poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and acrylated poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) were synthesized via ring-opening and free-radical polymerization, respectively, and subsequent modification with acryloyl chloride. Acrylated PCL as the hydrophobic part and acrylated PHEMA as the hydrophilic domain were grafted on the surface of methacrylated iron oxide nanoparticles with two morphologies. Pickering emulsion and solution photopolymerization reactions were used to prepare nanoparticles with “Janus” and “mixed” morphologies, respectively. The products were characterized in each step using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scaterring (DLS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Quercetin and 5-FU (as two anticancer drugs) were loaded in the mentioned nanoparticles, and the drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of these nanoparticles were calculated. in vitro release behavior at two pH values (5.8 and 7.4) and at 37°C demonstrated that morphology can affect the release profile. Finally, rat C6 cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay for drug-free and drug-loaded nanoparticles.     

Fabrication and magnetic properties of boron nitride nanocapsules encaging iron oxide nanoparticles

Boron nitride (BN) nanocapsules with iron oxide nanoparticles were fabricated by an arc discharge method, and the magnetic properties of these nanocapsules were investigated. High resolution electron microscopy showed that iron oxide nanoparticles of size 20 nm were encapsulated by boron nitride sheets of width 4 nm. Magnetization of the BN nanocapsules showed paramagnetism and the initial iron oxides showed ferromagnetism, which suggests the transformation into superparamagnetism by separating the iron oxide nanoparticles with BN sheets. The present work showed that the BN nanocapsules with magnetic nanoparticles can be produced and the effectiveness of the arc melting method was confirmed.     

Magnetically Recoverable Nanoparticles: Highly Efficient Catalysts for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones in Aqueous Medium

Two magnetic chiral iridium and rhodium catalysts were prepared via directly postgrafting 1,2‐diphenylethylenediamine‐derived organic silica or 1,2‐cyclohexanediamine‐derived organic silica onto the silica‐coated iron oxide nanoparticles followed by complexation with iridium(III) or rhodium(III) complexes. During the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous medium, the magnetic chiral catalysts exhibited high catalytic activities (up to 99% conversion) and enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee). Both catalysts could be recovered easily by magnetic separation and be reused ten times without significantly affecting their catalytic activities and enantioselectivities.