计及界面损伤的纤维片材加固砼梁的弯曲破坏分析

对四点弯曲荷载作用下含微裂缝的纤维片材加固钢筋砼梁,建立一种计及梁中裂缝和纤雏片材与梁跨中界面发生损伤的分层剪滞模型,并采用复合材料力学中的细观统计破坏理论,研究了纤维片材断裂模式下的纤维应力重新分布和极限承载力,定量获得了纤维应力集中、纤维片材与砼梁之间的界面损伤区长度和极限承载力与界面剪切强度的关系.结果表明,应力集中随界面剪切强度的增加而增加;界面损伤区长度随界面剪切强度的增加而减小;极限承载力随界面剪切强度的增加是先增大后减小;适宜的界面黏结,极限承载力最高.     

Time-dependent behavior of adhesively bonded composite–composite beams under flexural loading

Abstract

Time-dependent behavior is characteristic of adhesively bonded structureswhen put under constant load (creep). In this study, adhesively bonded beam specimens prepared by adhesively bonding two unidirectional carbon fiber laminated beams were subjected to accelerated three-point bending creep tests. A three-point bending test was selected because of its simplicity and the fact that bending stresses tend to develop in structures under load even if not subjected to direct flexural load. The aim of this study is to predict the long-term behavior and to investigate the long-term creep response of the adhesively bonded composite system. The long-term creep behavior was predicted by time–temperature superposition principle (TTSP) and construction of the master curve at a reference temperature.     

Modelling of steel fiber-reinforced concrete under multi-axial loads

Fifty-four plain concrete and steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) plate specimens containing 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% of hooked fibers were tested under biaxial compression. The experimental results obtained were used to verify a failure surface developed earlier by the authors for SFRC under multi-axial loads. An equation has also been proposed in this study to predict the strain at failure for SFRC under multi-axial loads, ε_ci. The proposed failure criterion and equation to predict ε_ci were incorporated into a constitutive model in a well-established finite-element software, ABAQUS. Experiments of SFRC plate specimens under multi-axial loads and beams under two-point load were modeled to illustrate the application of the failure surface to SFRC under varying load conditions. Good agreement between analytical and experimental results is observed.     

Fracture mechanics approach to predict delamination lifetime in Mode II under constant loads

The service lifetime of a laminated structure is one of the major concerns in the design of multilayered material systems. It is limited by the time required for acceptable delamination to propagate, under certain loading conditions, to attain a size perceived to be critical to the stiffness and/or the strength of the structure. This service lifetime could be predicted if the constitutive equation for the delamination rate is known. This paper describes an approach to determine the constitutive equation for delamination under Mode-II creep loading conditions. The approach is based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics and uses an elevated temperature to accelerate the interlaminar fracture at constant loads. The experiments used double-cantilever beam test specimens fabricated as a model system of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) beams and epoxy adhesive. The effect of temperature on the experimental measurements has been considered. A form of Paris power law is suggested to forecast the service lifetime in terms of temperature, service load and the initial delamination size.     

Effect-of Processing Varcables on Interfacial Properties of an SiG-Fiber-Reinforced Reaction-Bonded Si3N4 Matrix Composite

Fiber/matrix interfacial debonding and frictional sliding stresses were evaluated by single-fiber pushout tests on unidirectional continuous silicon-carbide-fiber-reinforced, reaction-bonded silicon nitride matrix composites. The debonding and maximum pushout loads required to overcome interfacial friction were obtained from load–displacement plots of pushout tests. Interfacial debonding and frictional sliding stresses were evaluated for composites with various fiber contents and fiber surface conditions (coated and uncoated), and after matrix densification by hot isostatic pressing (HIPing). For as-fabricated composites, both debonding and frictional sliding stresses decreased with increasing fiber content. The HIPed composites, however, exhibited higher interfacial debonding and frictional sliding stresses than those of the as-fabricated composites. These results were related to variations in axial and transverse residual stresses on fibers in the composites. A shear-lag model developed for a partially debonded composite, including full residual stress field, was employed to analyze the nonlinear dependence of maximum pushout load on embedded fiber length for as-fabricated and HIPed composites. Interfacial friction coefficients of 0.1–0.16 fitted the experimental data well. The extremely high debonding stress observed in uncoated fibers is believed to be due to strong chemical bonding between fiber and matrix.     

Short‐beam and three‐point‐bending tests for the study of shear and flexural properties in unidirectional‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites

The bending properties of composite materials are often characterized with simply supported beams under concentrated loads. The results from such tests are commonly based on homogeneous beam equations. For laminated materials, however, these formulas must be modified to account for the stacking sequence of the individual plies. The horizontal shear test with a short‐beam specimen in three‐point bending appears suitable as a general method of evaluation for the shear properties in fiber‐reinforced composites because of its simplicity. In the experimental part of this work, the shear strength of unidirectional‐glass‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy resin composites was determined in different fiber directions with the short‐beam three‐point‐bending test. Also, the elastic constants and flexural properties of the same materials were determined from bending experiments carried out on specimens in the 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90° fiber directions with high span–thickness ratios. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 63–74, 2004     

Interface Stress Response of Laminated Plates Subjected to Static and Impact Loads

This paper deals with the stress analysis of laminated sandwich beams subjected to static loads and impact loads. When the laminated sandwich beams are subjected to static loads, stress distribution at the interfaces is analyzed, by using two-dimensional theory of elasticity, as a contact problem. When the laminated sandwich beams are subjected to impact loads, the interface stress response is analyzed using FEM (DYNA3D). Experiments were conducted. A fairly good agreement is seen between the analytical and the experimental results. The effects of the ratios of Young's moduli for each beam on the interface stress response are clarified.     

Cohesive fracture model for functionally graded fiber reinforced concrete

A simple, effective, and practical constitutive model for cohesive fracture of fiber reinforced concrete is proposed by differentiating the aggregate bridging zone and the fiber bridging zone. The aggregate bridging zone is related to the total fracture energy of plain concrete, while the fiber bridging zone is associated with the difference between the total fracture energy of fiber reinforced concrete and the total fracture energy of plain concrete. The cohesive fracture model is defined by experimental fracture parameters, which are obtained through three-point bending and split tensile tests. As expected, the model describes fracture behavior of plain concrete beams. In addition, it predicts the fracture behavior of either fiber reinforced concrete beams or a combination of plain and fiber reinforced concrete functionally layered in a single beam specimen. The validated model is also applied to investigate continuously, functionally graded fiber reinforced concrete composites.     

Strain‐rate and temperature effects on the deformation of polypropylene and its simulation under monotonic compression and bending

Monotonic compressive loading and bending tests are conducted for solid polypropylene (PP) under constant or time‐varying strain‐rates and temperatures of 10, 25, 40°C. The observed compressive stress‐strain responses under constant conditions have revealed that the inelastic deformation behavior is remarkably dependent on loading rates and temperatures of normal use. The examination of such inelastic behavior has indicated that the strain‐rate effects correspond with the temperature effects based on the concept of time‐temperature equivalence. The viscoplastic constitutive theory based on overstress (VBO) has successfully reproduced the experimental responses with stress‐jumping phenomena using the equivalent time. Four‐point bending tests are performed under monotonic loading and holding for PP beams at three different temperatures. The observed deformation behavior has shown that the Bernoulli‐Euler hypothesis is valid. The VBO model and beam bending theory has generated the basic equations for PP beams, showing an analogy with the uniaxial one. In the numerical analysis, the equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations with use of Gaussian quadrature for the spatial integrals. The comparison of numerical and experimental results has suggested some modifications for actually loaded moment taking the effect of deflection and friction into consideration. Finally, the numerical calculation has simulated the experimental time‐histories of curvatures fairly well.