两类层次分析法的转换及在应用中的比较

模糊层次分析法是层次分析法的一种,用于处理含有模糊性的决策问题。通过研究一致互反判断矩阵与模糊互补判断矩阵的转换关系,给出把一致互反矩阵转换成模糊互补矩阵且权向量排序不变的方法,基于这种转换的保序性,提出了一种介于层次分析法与模糊层次分析法之间的新的层次分析方法,这种方法简化了层次分析法的计算。作为这种新方法的应用,通过实例验证了该方法的合理性。     

基于多目标模糊决策的最佳路径分析

在进行最佳路径选取时,如何综合考虑多种模糊因素的影响和确定每个因素影响的大小是一个关键问题。该文建立了用于最佳路径分析的道路层次模型,给出了多目标模糊决策的数学模型,确定了各种影响因素的模糊隶属度函数,应用层次分析方法确定了各个影响因素的权重。在Dijkstra最短路径算法的基础上,提出了应用多目标模糊决策的方法来实现在多种模糊因素影响下的最佳路径选择,并通过实例分析和仿真实验验证r该方法的正确性。     

复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的SPA-FAHP评估

针对复杂体制雷达辐射源信号（ARES）特征评估缺乏有效手段和层次分析决策(AHP)过多依赖专家经验的问题,提出了复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的集对模糊层次评价模型(SPA-FAHP)。通过引入三角模糊数对传统层次分析法进行改进,并对复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征评价指标体系的指标权重作模糊层次分析,以解决对雷达信号大容量数据进行评估时评判者存在不确定或者模糊判断的问题;再引入集对分析(SPA)理论对传统层次分析的专家决策矩阵进行改进,并对特征评估决策矩阵作同一度分析,以解决传统层次分析决策时过多依赖专家经验的问题。最后联合指标权重矩阵和决策同一度矩阵实现对复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的综合评估。计算结果表明该模型有效可行,能够更客观地实现对复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的分析和评估。     

复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的FAHP评价

提取有效的雷达辐射源信号特征是复杂体制下雷达辐射源信号识别的重要基础。为实现对复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的评价,提出了复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征的模糊层次分析评价模型。该模型在构建复杂体制雷达辐射源信号特征评价指标体系的基础上,针对层次分析法在权重确定方面存在的不足,通过引入三角模糊数来刻画专家评判的模糊性,将该模型应用于雷达辐射源信号特征评价的算例分析,并将计算结果与标准层次分析法的分析计算结果进行了对比,结果表明该模型的计算结果与标准层次分析法的计算结果是一致的,从而证明了该模型的可行性和有效性。     

基于攻击树和模糊层次分析法的服务器固件威胁模型

针对服务器固件的脆弱性以及面临的安全威胁,提出一种基于攻击树和模糊层次分析法(Fuzzy Ana-lytic Hierarchy Process,FAHP)的威胁模型.为了最大化消除主观因素的影响,利用FAHP建立模糊一致判断矩阵计算叶节点的安全属性值,得出每条攻击路径概率.分析FAHP相对于传统层次分析法(AHP)的优点,基于每个叶节点制定威胁消减措施.分析结果表明,该模型能够降低人的主观因素的影响,从而有助于识别服务器固件的安全风险.     

层次分析法及其建模过程

层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process,简称AHP）是对一些较为模糊、较为复杂的问题作出决策的简易方法,它特别适用于那些难于完全定量分析的问题。本文主要介绍了层次分析法及其建模过程,详细介绍了如何使用层次分析法进行问题分析。     

基于灰色模糊理论的项目管理成熟度模型

层次分析方法是项目成熟度管理评价的常用模型,然而由于层次分析评价中涉及个人打分环节,因此评价结果中主观因素较强。为了克服这个问题,该文引入了灰色模糊评价方法评价项目管理成熟度模型。通过仿真实验表明,该评价方法能够克服主观因素的影响,获得较好的评价值。     

基于FAHP的电力变压器系统的脆性分析

由于复杂系统具有层次结构,本文采用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)对复杂系统进行了脆性分析。由模糊层次分析法得到了子系统(或元件)的相对重要度排序向量,通过定义脆性激发度及激发阈值,对复杂系统的脆性是否被激发进行了理论的分析。通过分析,可以找出复杂系统中的脆性元件或因素,对其进行重点监测,使得最大程度的避免了脆性的发生。最后本文以变压器故障的模糊层次分析为例,分析了变压器故障的因素的相对重要度,找出了易使变压器崩溃的脆性因素,说明进行复杂系统的脆性分析是必要的。     

基于FAHP的深水半潜式平台钻井设备选型

钻井设备选型的合理性关系着平台的总体性能。将模糊层次分析法(FAHP)应用于深水半潜式平台钻井设备的选型,以钻井泵为例,综合考虑技术性和经济性两方面建立钻井泵选型的评价模型。分别利用 FAHP 和AHP计算出各因素的权重,对备选方案进行综合评价。结果表明,模糊层次分析法能有效地解决钻井设备选型问题。通过对比分析两种方法的结果,总结出二者的适用范围,为决策者综合运用两种分析方法奠定了基础。     

Web质量模糊评测矩阵的一致性判定

利用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)评测Web资源质量时,模糊逻辑的引入使成对比较矩阵的一致性判别成为难点。为此,设计最大隶属度元素值替代法,分析并改进基于最小二乘法的一致性判定法。依据判别结果对不一致的模糊矩阵进行修正,直到所有模糊矩阵都满足一致性阈值。分析结果表明,2种方法均能保证Web资源质量评测过程的合理性和结果的可靠性,且后者适用性更高。     

A new type-2 fuzzy set of linguistic variables for the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) has been used to solve various multi-criteria decision-making problems where trapezoidal type-1 fuzzy sets are utilized in defining decision-makers’ linguistic judgment. Previous theories have suggested that interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FS) can offer an alternative that can handle vagueness and uncertainty. This paper proposes a new FAHP characterized by IT2 FS for linguistic variables. Differently from the typical FAHP, which directly utilizes trapezoidal type-1 fuzzy numbers, this method introduces IT2 FS to enhance judgment in the fuzzy decision-making environment. This new model includes linguistic variables in IT2 FS and a rank value method for normalizing upper and lower memberships of IT2 FS. The proposed model is illustrated by a numerical example of work safety evaluation. Comparable results are also presented to check the feasibility of the proposed method. It is shown that the ranking order of the proposed method is consistent with the other two methods despite difference in weight priorities.     

Applying fuzzy hierarchy multiple attributes to construct an expert decision making process

The main objective of this paper is to propose an approach within the AHP framework for tackling the uncertainty and imprecision of service evaluations during pre-negotiation stages, where the expert’s comparison judgments are represented as fuzzy triangular numbers. A fuzzy prioritization method, which derives crisp priorities from consistent and inconsistent fuzzy comparison matrices, is described. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)-based decision-making method can provide decision makers or buyer a valuable reference for evaluating software quality. A case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Importantly, the proposed scheme can assist decision makers in assessing the feasibility of digital video recorder system to management public space, making it highly applicable for academic and commercial purposes.     

Consistency control and expert consistency prioritization for FFTA by using extent analysis method of trapezoidal FAHP

The purpose of this study is to enable consistency control along with expert consistency prioritization for direct fuzzy inputs as basic events (BEs) assigned to the fault tree analysis (FTA) method. In the recent literature, fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) applications have no consistency check for the expert judgments. In this study, as a multi criteria decision making method, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is applied for checking the consistency by centric consistency index (CCI). Expert consistency prioritization is also implemented for FFTA by using extent analysis method of trapezoidal FAHP. An analytic comparison between with and without consistency control is obtained. The numerical results for collapse of an offshore platform are presented to illustrate the applicability of the approach.     

Modification of the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process via different ranking methods

The use of fuzzy set theory in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has gained popularity in recent years as part of the multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) process to more realistically reflect human judgment. However, due to the nature of fuzzy calculations, this situation imposes more computational load. The aim of this study is to propose methods for obtaining accurate weights from fuzzy pairwise comparison matrices with the least amount of computational load possible. In this context, two different fuzzy AHP (FAHP) methods based on fuzzy numbers ranking methods have been proposed and these proposed methods are compared with commonly accepted FAHP methods. Magnitude-based fuzzy AHP (MFAHP), which is one of the proposed methods, has outperformed all other methods according to accurate weight and computational load. Although the other proposed method, called the total difference-based fuzzy AHP (TDFAHP), gave better results than the frequently used Chang's fuzzy extent analysis method, it could not produce more accurate weight results than many other methods in general. But performance analysis shows that it is as good as the MFAHP in terms of computational load.     

模糊层次分析法在防空导弹武器系统效能分析中的应用

层次分析法由于能综合考虑系统各因素,因此在武器系统效能评定中有着重要的意义.但是传统的层次分析法要进行一致性的检验,计算量相对较大.简要地介绍了模糊层次分析法,并将其应用到防空导弹武器系统的效能评估中,由于模糊层次分析法可以不必进行一致性的检验,这样减小了计算量,而且通过实例分析了该方法的可行性.     

基于模糊层次分析法的WIA-PA健康评估方法

针对WIA-PA在长期运行过程中,由于能量消耗、节点故障等因素,网络整体性能下降的问题,提出了一种基于模糊层次分析法的WIA-PA健康评估方法。该方法通过选取对网络影响较大的6个指标,即失效节点数量、信号强度、节点能量、链路质量、丢包率及网络延时,建立模糊一致判定矩阵,然后计算出各个指标的评估分数,得出整个网络的平均分数,从而实现对WIA-PA健康状态等级的判定。实验结果表明,该方法可有效地判定网络状态。     

A method for the evaluation of risk in IT projects

Information technology projects are particularly prone to failure due to their specific characteristics, making risk management become one of the critical elements in IT projects management. That is why several authors have developed risk evaluation methods, some of them based on fuzzy logic. This article proposes a new risk assessment method based in a combination of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and fuzzy inference system (FIS). FIS is used for the integration of the groups of risk factors. These risk factors are the evaluation criteria of a modified FAHP which minimizes the disadvantages of the classic implementation of FAHP in order to obtain a more intuitive and easily adjustable model for multicriteria decision analysis with a lower computational need. The proposed model takes into consideration the different levels of uncertainty, the interrelationship among groups of risk factors, and the possibility of adding or suppressing options without losing the consistency with previous evaluations. The new method is especially suitable for the evaluation of development projects in the area of IT in which multiple interrelated risk factors can be particularly uncertain and imprecise. To implement the evaluation method, a hierarchy of risk factors was implemented. A numerical example is presented with data from three actual cases of IT projects, showing the applicability of the new method, the suitability of the selected taxonomy, and the significance of a few risk factors. Several future lines of work are proposed.     

A fuzzy AHP approach to personnel selection problem

Due to the increasing competition of globalization and fast technological improvements, world markets demand companies to have quality and professional human resources. This can only be achieved by employing potentially adequate personnel. In this paper, we proposed a personnel selection system based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). The FAHP is applied to evaluate the best adequate personnel dealing with the rating of both qualitative and quantitative criteria. The result obtained by FAHP is compared with results produced by Yager's weighted goals method. In addition to above-mentioned methods, a practical computer-based decision support system is introduced to provide more information and help manager make better decisions under fuzzy circumstances.     

A fuzzy AHP-DEA approach for multiple criteria ABC inventory classification

In order to efficiently control the inventory items and determine the suitable ordering policies for them, multi-criteria ABC inventory classification, which is one of the most common techniques of production and inventory control, is used. In this classification, other criteria in addition to annual dollar usage are taken into account and then the items are classified in three classes with different ordering policies, based on their priority. In this paper, we propose an integrated fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-data envelopment analysis (FAHP-DEA) for multiple criteria ABC inventory classification. The proposed FAHP–DEA methodology uses the FAHP to determine the weights of criteria, linguistic terms such as Very High, High, Medium, Low and Very Low to assess each item under each criterion, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to determine the values of the linguistic terms, and the simple additive weighting (SAW) method to aggregate item scores under different criteria into an overall score for each item. The integrated FAHP–DEA methodology is illustrated using a real case study.