MPS5300B生料立磨工序电耗升高的分析与处理

我公司5　000t/d生产线生料制备采用MPS5300B立磨,设计能力为450t/h,主传动电动机型号为YRKK900-6/3 700kW/10 000V,额定电流为280A。由于近年来原材料的不断劣化,加剧设备磨损,使磨况变差,产量降低明显,磨机及循环风机电流不断上升,磨机电流最高瞬时值达到230A,风机电流达到165A以上。特别是自2011年2月开始,在相同喂料量的情况下,磨机电流增加了40~50A左右,风机电流增加了5～10A左右。     

水泥输送系统输送机的改造

我公司制成车间成品水泥输送原采用空压机螺旋泵方式，但由于其电耗及故障率均较高，于１９９７年改为皮带输送系统，改造后电耗及故障率大幅下降。但由于设计不完善，一直存在皮带尾部冒料问题。期间又经过多次技改，至２０００年时，皮带输送能力达到了２５０t／h，基本能够满足生产要求。但随着水泥粉磨系统进一步技改，尤其是近２年水泥助磨剂的使用，使磨系统生产能力得到了大幅提升，输送系统中的２２m皮带尾部冒料问题重新又成为制约生产的主要因素，大大限制了水泥磨系统生产能力的正常发挥和提高。为此，我们于２００２年１月再次…     

FVB型袋除尘器改造及使用效果

我公司2000t/d熟料新型干法生产线自生产以来,包装车间的4台FVB型袋除尘器一直不能正常运行,大量的水泥粉尘给公司造成了极大的经济损失。为此,2002年5月对这4台除尘器进行了改造。1存在问题与解决办法1.1风机风量不足原除尘器风机型号为C4-73-№5.5离心风机,其风量为15100m3/h。由于除尘器管道垂直高度达30多米且收尘点多,收尘效果不明显。解决办法:风机更换为Y5-47-8C型,其中1、2号除尘器采用风量为18740m3/h的风机,用于斗式提升机、振动筛、螺旋输送机的收尘;3、4号除尘器采用风量为22200m3/h的风机,用于2台包装机的收尘。更换风机型…     

水泥气力输送系统的改造

我厂于1997年和2000年分别建设投产了2套水泥粉磨系统,其中1号为辊压机 球磨机半终粉磨系统,设计能力为125t/h;2号为Φ3.5m×12m管磨系统,设计能力为60t/h。2套系统均采用气力输送方式输送水泥。经过多年运行,2套系统暴露出诸多缺陷,2003年下半年对其进行了改造。1原水泥输送系     

φ2.2m×6.5m球磨机台产攻关

我公司生料车间有两台φ2.2m×6.5m球磨机,设计能力为16t／h,经过几次小型改造,台时产量最高仅18t／h,并且不够稳定。公司为了降低成本,决定对生料磨机进行台产攻关。1 问题分析 (1)入磨物料粒度过大 入磨物料粒度的大小直接影响磨机的产量,我公司原二级破碎机为PYBφ1200圆锥破碎机,其出料粒度>25mm 占50％。粒度≤10mm的占10％。出料间隙调小,则破碎机经常撞壁,潮湿物料又经常堵塞,因此粒度始终降不下来。     

莱歇磨启磨操作方法的优化

我厂2500t/d熟料生产线配套生料磨是LM41.4莱歇磨,设计能力200t/h。按设备生产厂家的要求,该磨开启运行的程序为:①开启输送系统;②开启循环风机并适当调整循环风挡板以及循环风机出入口挡板并烘磨;③待磨出口温度上升至正常值时,开启主电动机;④主电动机启动完毕后,开启喂料系     

辊压机生料终粉磨系统的操作和维护

我公司生料粉磨采用辊压机生料终粉磨系统,并设有高温风机、原料磨风机、废气处理风机(即三风机系统),设计能力230 t/h,于2009年3月一次性带料试车成功。经过近两年来的生产实践和探索,实际生产能力稳定在235～260 t/h左右,运行     

石灰石输送长皮带机制动轮不平衡的处理

我公司1条万吨水泥熟料生产线在2017年9月试机时,发现石灰石输送长皮带机传动系统振动速度值偏大,减速机输入端水平振动速度值达5.1 mm/s,而电动机前后端正常,皮带机型号为DTⅡ（A）槽型B1400×1 347.951 m,输送能力为正常1 800 t/h,最大2 000 t/h。通过分析和排查,判断主要原因是制动轮制造存在缺陷,经动平衡校正后恢复正常,保证了投产后设备的可靠运行。     

聚合物水力输送技术的工业应用

介绍了上海石化股份有限公司70万t/a乙烯配套装置之一的20万t/a聚丙烯装置中所采用的聚合物水力输送技术。该输送系统输送能力为35t/h,输送距离为600m,并解决了传统的聚合物气流输送产品磨损大、输送能耗高等问题。     

N-TGD400钢丝胶带斗式提升机传动轴断的处理

我厂1000t／d生产线入窑生料输送系统采用N—TGD400—64000钢丝胶带斗式提升机（以下简称提升机），输送能力112m^3／h，电动机型号Y225M-4，主减速器B3DH5—45。提升机于2003年6月投产后，生产运行稳定、能耗低，但是在2007年1月2日发生传动轴断裂事故。     

Male-specific conversion of the host plant compound,myrcene, to the pheromone, (+)-ipsdienol,in the bark beetle,Dendroctonus brevicomis

When both sexes of the bark beetle,Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, were exposed to vapors of myrcene from ponderosa pine, only the male produced (+)-ipsdienol. In the field, racemic ipsdienol significantly reduced the attraction of both sexes in flight to a mixture of myrcene and the aggregation pheromones,exo-brevicomin and frontalin. This suggests that ipsdienol may be involved in regulating colonization density ofD. brevicomis. The implications of the biosynthesis of various enantiomers of ipsdienol byD. brevicomis and the cohabitating bark beetles,Ips paraconfusus andI. pini, in relation to their behavioral responses are discussed in regard to reducing interspecific competition.Coleoptera: Scolytidae.     

热成型工艺的解决方案

成功的塑料热成型工艺解决方案,要求对加工工艺、模具设计、材料性能等因素进行全面综合分析。众多的热成型加工厂商往往只着眼于调整和改进工艺,以此来解决生产过程中所遇到的各种制品缺陷问题。其中采取的措施包括:试图延长加工循环周期、二次加工工序、或者通过改良设备装置     

Pheromone production by the bark beetle,Ips paraconfusus,in the nonhost,white fir

MaleI. paraconfusus confined to artificial entrance tunnels in white fir logs produced the pheromone compounds ipsenol and ipsdienol in their hindguts. The hindguts were attractive to females in a laboratory olfactometer and the male infested logs were attractive in field bioassay. The amount of pheromones produced and the amount of feeding and boring activity is much less in white fir than in ponderosa pine. There were no pheromones detected in the hindguts of recently emerged, unfed males.Coleoptera; Scolytidae.Research supported by the Rockefeller Foundation, an NIH training grant, USDA/SEA Regional Research Project W-110, and the USDA Forest Service.From a thesis submitted by J.S. Elkinton in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the PhD degree, University of California, Berkeley, California, 1979.     

Scent,sex, and the self-calibrating rat

We propose that one mechanism whereby male rats,Rattus norvegicus, might gauge the reproductive condition of a female is by calibrating a stable odor with an odor that fluctuates through her reproductive cycle. We provide behavioral and histological evidence in support of such a self-calibration model. Male rats sniffed frequently at various body zones of females, and the proportion of sniffs deployed to each zone varied with the females' reproductive condition and relatedness. The females' haunches received more sniffs than any other part of their bodies, irrespective of their relatedness or reproductive condition. Furthermore, males tended to sniff the haunch after sniffing the forequarters, as part of a sequence of sniffing along a female from forequarters to hindquarters. Histology of the skin sebaceous glands indicated that the secretory activity of glands in the haunch, but not those in the forequarters, changed during estrus. Therefore, male rats had the opportunity to judge a female's reproductive status by calibrating the odor of her haunch against that of her forequarters. Self-calibration could represent a means of accommodating differences in odor within individuals.     

Fate of the Dietary Terpene, P-Cymene, in the Male Koala

The fate of the dietary terpene, p-cymene, is reported in a specialist Eucalyptus leaf folivore, the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Six male koalas were given two single oral doses of p-cymene (0.37 mmol/kg and 1.49 mmol/kg). Urine and feces were collected for two 24-hr periods after each dose and analyzed for metabolites by extraction, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry. A total of six metabolites were detected in the urine. A novel, extensively oxidized metabolite, 4-(1,2-dihydroxy-1-methylethyl)-benzoic acid, was identified and its structure elucidated by high resolution and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Minor amounts of two glycine conjugated metabolites were also detected. Five metabolites were present in sufficient amounts to quantify, using isolated urinary metabolites as reference standards. The mean fractional recovery of administered p-cymene was 0.77 ± 0.09 and 0.84 ± 0.12 for the low and high dose, respectively. The major metabolite excreted was the novel carboxy diol compound. No fecal metabolites were found. Thus, the koala employs a strategy in the metabolism of p-cymene that promotes the production of extensively oxidized metabolites that consequently have increased polarity and enhanced renal excretion. This strategy is compared with that employed by other Eucalyptus leaf folivores.     

Sequence,Expression, and Anti-GCRV Function of the Ferritin from the Grass Carp,Ctenopharyngodon idellus

Ferritin possesses an immune function to defend against pathogen infection. To elucidate the immunity-protecting roles of ferritin from Ctenopharyngodon idellus (Ciferritin) against virus infection, the cDNA and promoter sequences of Ciferritin were determined, and the correlations between Ciferrtin expressions and promoter methylation levels were analyzed. In addition, the functional role of Ciferrtin on GCRV (grass carp reovirus) infection was assessed. The full-length cDNA of Ciferritin is 1053 bp, consists of a 531 bp open-reading frame, and encodes 176 amino acids. Ciferritin showed the highest sequence identity with the ferritin middle subunit of Mylopharyngodon piceus (93.56%), followed by the subunits of Megalobrama amblycephala and Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous. Ciferritin contains a conserved ferritin domain (interval: 10–94 aa), and the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and Rubrerythrin domain were also predicted. In the spleen and kidney, significantly higher Ciferritin expressions were observed at 6, 12, 24, or 168 h post GCRV infection than those in the PBS injection group (p < 0.05). The Ciferrtin expression level in the progeny of maternal-immunized grass carp was significantly higher than that in the progeny of common grass carp (p < 0.05). Ciferritin promoter methylation level in the progeny from common grass carp was 1.27 ± 0.15, and in the progeny of the maternal-immunized group was 1.00 ± 0.14. In addition, methylation levels of “CpG9” and “CpG10” loci were significantly lower in the progeny of maternal-immunized fish than those in the common group. Except for the “CpG5”, methylation levels of all other detected “CpG” loci negatively correlated with Ciferritin expression levels. Furthermore, the total methylation level of “CpG1–10” negatively correlated with the Ciferritin expressions. The Ciferritin expression level was significantly up-regulated, and the VP7 protein levels were significantly reduced, at 24 h post GCRV infection in the Ciferritin over-expression cells (p < 0.05). The results from the present study provide sequence, epigenetic modification and expression, and anti-GCRV functional information of Ciferritin, which provide a basis for achieving resistance to GCRV in grass carp breeding.     

Structural Chemistry,Fuzzy Logic,and the Law

Chemistry is generally considered to be one of the exact sciences, which implies that much of the thinking and reasoning can be governed by “always” and “never” laws and rules. However, in practice, much of chemistry involves concepts that invoke general rules with the exceptions to those rules arousing curiosity and generating new experiments and theories that facilitate the progress of chemical science. The lack of precision, in fact, requires a mode of thinking and operating that has been called “fuzzy logic”, not necessarily in a pejorative sense, but rather recognizing the fundamental nature of this experimental science and how it plays out in practice. We provide herein some examples of fuzzy logic in the practice of chemistry and demonstrate how these are manifested in the role and behavior of expert witnesses, particularly in pharmaceutical patent litigations that deal with the solid forms of active pharmaceutical ingredients.     

Identification, Synthesis, and Field Testing of the Sex Pheromone of the Citrus Leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella

The citrus leafminer is an important vector of citrus canker in many of the major citrus production areas of the world. (7Z,11Z)-Hexadecadienal was reported as a sex attractant for this insect in the 1980s, based on trap catches during pheromone screening trials in Japan. However, attempts to reproduce this work in other areas of the world have not been successful. We report here that (7Z,11Z)-hexadecadienal is only one component of the pheromone, with the other critical component being the analogous trienal, (7Z,11Z,13E)-hexadecatrienal. Both compounds were identified in the effluvia from live female moths by coupled gas chromatography (GC)-electroantennography using nonpolar and polar GC columns, and the identifications were confirmed by comparisons of mass spectra with those of authentic standards. Stereoisomers of the two compounds, and a number of analogs, were synthesized to confirm the identifications. In field trials, neither compound alone was attractive to male moths, but blends of the two were highly attractive, with thousands of insects being caught per trial. Addition of the isomeric (7Z,11Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienal inhibited attraction to the two-component blend. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and accessible for authorized users. This paper and the preceding paper (Leal et al.) were submitted within a few days of each other. The editors and the authors agreed that they should be published in tandem.     

Effect of concentration, temperature, moisture, liming and organic matter on the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitors benzotriazole, o-nitrophenol, m-nitroaniline and dicyandiamide

Laboratory experiments were carried out to study the effect of various factors that affect the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitors, benzotriazole, o-nitrophenol, m-nitroaniline and dicyandiamide. In a Paleustalf, increasing concentrations of the inhibitors from 0 to 15 mg/kg soil prolonged the nitrification up to 60 days. Increase in temperature from 10 to 30°C decreased the efficacy of all four nitrification inhibitors (by 6–62% at 30 days). Benzotriazole was equally effective in soil moisture conditions ranging from 40 to 80% of the maximum water holding capacity of the soil (WHC). o-Nitrophenol and m-nitroaniline were more effective at 60% WHC, while the efficacy of DCD was more at 40% WHC. Addition of 1000 mg/kg soil of fresh organic matter reduced the efficacies of o-nitrophenol, m-nitroaniline and benzotriazole by 55, 65 and 22%, respectively while the reduction in the efficacy of dicyandiamide was non-significant. Liming an acidic soil (Kandiustalf) to change the pH from 5.4 to 8.3 decreased the efficacies of the nitrification inhibitors and decreased the ammonium content in the soil at 30 days from 55 to 9 mg/kg in case of o-nitrophenol and m-nitroaniline and from 53 to 35 mg/kg in case of benzotriazole and dicyandiamide.