城市生活污水剩余污泥深度脱水研究

通过污泥沉降比和泥饼含水率及脱水率的测定,分析絮凝剂和助凝剂对城市生活污水剩余污泥深度脱水性能的影响。对三氯化铝、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、壳聚糖以及壳聚糖-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺复合絮凝剂的絮凝效果进行比较。结果表明,30 mg/L壳聚糖-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺复合絮凝剂的污泥絮凝效果最好。同时,在壳聚糖-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺条件下,对石灰、粉煤灰、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和硅藻土的脱水效果进行比较研究,结果表明,30 mg/L壳聚糖-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺复合絮凝剂,15%石灰、10%粉煤灰、pH为3,污泥含水率降低至51.36%。     

紫外光敏引发合成的P(AM-DAC)污泥脱水絮凝应用研究

采用紫外光敏引发聚合方式合成的较高相对分子质量和阳离子度的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺[P(AM-DAC)]产品作絮凝剂,进行污水处理实验。与紫外光敏引发合成的非离子型PAM和市售阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺对污泥水的絮凝效果进行了比较,探讨了絮凝剂相对分子质量、阳离子度、用量以及种类对污泥水絮凝效果的影响,最终确立了1.1×107相对分子质量、30%阳离子度、4 mg/L絮凝剂、搅拌次数15次为最佳实验条件。     

ZnCl_2-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺类复合絮凝剂净水性能研究

以阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、ZnCl_2、醋酸为原料,制备了ZnCl_2-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺类复合絮凝剂。以除油率为主要考察指标,探讨了制备过程中,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺相对分子质量、氯化锌与阳离子聚丙烯酰胺质量比、复合絮凝剂加药浓度对除油效果和原油脱水效果的影响,实验结果表明,锌基复合絮凝剂的最佳制备条件:ZnCl_2质量分数为30%、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺质量分数为2%。与铝盐复合絮凝剂相比,ZnCl_2-阳离子聚丙烯酰胺类复合絮凝剂具有除油效率高、污泥体积小、不影响原油脱水等特点。     

阳离子型改性淀粉对稠油废水絮凝性能考察

合成了三种具有不同阳离子度的阳离子型改性淀粉接枝共聚物絮凝剂ZHYC-n,考察了这三种絮凝剂与PAC复配对稠油废水的絮凝性能,并与市售阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂CPAM进行了对比.絮凝实验结果表明,ZHYC-n与PAC复配具有优良的絮凝脱油脱硫效果,随阳离子度增加絮凝效果显著增加.阳离子型絮凝剂分子链上的阳离子电荷密度不是影响絮凝效果的惟一主要因素,阳离子型改性淀粉接枝共聚物具有的多支链型结构可以明显的提高絮凝剂的絮凝效果.     

壳聚糖絮凝剂的投加量对污泥脱水性能的影响

通过污泥比阻的测定,分析絮凝剂剂量对污泥脱水性能的影响。同时对三氯化铝、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、壳聚糖以及复合絮凝剂的絮凝效果进行比较。结果表明,无论是无机絮凝剂和有机絮凝剂都存在最佳剂量,小于或大于最佳投加量,絮凝效果都不好。阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)、壳聚糖、三氯化铝的最佳投加质量浓度分别为0．2g/L、10g/L、35g/L。与三氯化铝相比,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的药剂消耗量要低得多。壳聚糖与CPAM相比,在达到相同的絮凝效果时,壳聚糖的用量大于CPAM的用量。将壳聚糖与氯化铝复合,用两段法应用于污泥调理,研究这种复合絮凝剂的脱水性能,实验表明壳聚糖和三氯化铝复合,能大大提高污泥的脱水性能。     

新型阳离子乳液絮凝剂在离心脱水机上的应用与评价

阳离子聚丙烯酰胺乳液絮凝剂优异的絮凝效果是同等指标阳离子粉状絮凝剂产品无法比拟的,且越来越被业内专业人士认可.但是,目前市面上的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺乳液絮凝剂产品分子量太低,难以在高剪切离心脱水机上使用.针对阳离子乳液聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的局限性,结合卧螺离心脱水机工作原理及特点,上海恒力水处理材料有限公司创新性地研发生产了空...     

阳离子絮凝剂的进展

介绍了国内外有机高分子絮凝剂的发展概况,对非离子、阴离子和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂作了对比,得出阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂在水处理和污泥脱水方面具有独特效果.重点论述了几种阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的制备,介绍了阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂在水处理和污泥脱水方面的应用,并对阳离子聚丙烯酰胺聚合的前景作了展望.     

P（DMC-AM）高分子絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能

原文摘录：聚（甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化胺-丙烯酰胺）[P（DMC--AM）]是多功能,高活性的阳离子絮凝剂，也是高分离表面活性剂，具有缓蚀和杀菌功能。本文论述了高相对分子质量P（DMC—AM）絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能研究，讨论了多种因素对絮凝效果的影响。     

裂化催化剂生产废水中悬浮物的去除试验

用配制的分别以阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、氯化铝和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺为主剂的三种絮凝剂对裂化催化剂生产废水进行絮凝研究,考察了絮凝剂的加入量、废水pH值和絮凝沉降时间对絮凝沉降效果的影响。试验结果表明:在一定的操作参数下,以阴离子聚丙烯酰胺为主剂絮凝剂的用量较少,效果最好。     

阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的制备及其净化含油污水的研究

采用水溶液聚合方法研究制备了一系列阳离子度不同的聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂,对其结构进行了表征,并对其净化含油污水的絮凝特性及絮凝机理进行了研究.结果表明,较高阳离子度的絮凝剂絮凝效果好.     

Influence of flocculant molecular weight and anionic charge on flocculation behaviour and on the manufacture of fibre cement composites by the Hatschek process

Although in the industrial Hatschek process it is necessary to use flocculants to improve retention, dewatering and formation, the use of flocculants may also decrease the strength of the final product. This paper studies the influence of the molecular weight and the anionic charge of anionic polyacrylamides on the flocculation behaviour of fibre cement suspensions and on the bending strength of the final product. Flocculants influence the density of the final product and in-turn the lowering of the density results in strength reduction. Results showed that an increase in the flocculant molecular weight reduces the bending strength of the composites significantly due to its density reduction. However, an increase in flocculant anionic charge increases the bending strength of composites. Therefore, in order to optimise the fibre cement process, it is necessary to use flocculants with high anionic charge and medium molecular weight.     

阳离子絮凝剂PDA的合成与应用研究

报道了用PDA处理废纸再生造纸废水的处理过程,研究了无机絮凝剂聚合氯化铝、聚合硫酸铁或有机絮凝剂PDA单独处理废水和无机絮凝剂与有机絮凝剂配合使用处理废水的效果。结果表明：无机絮凝剂与有机絮凝剂配合使用有很好的处理效果;配合作用中有机絮凝剂相对分子质量较高者与阳离子度较高者相比,前者更有利于提高处理效果。对废纸再生造纸废水的处理使上清液COD去除率达74％～77％,透过率达92％～99％,均超过作对比用的进口产品的处理效果,且下层絮体较大、坚韧、易于脱水。     

微生物絮凝剂MBFA9的絮凝机理研究

筛选得到的硅酸盐芽孢杆菌产生的絮凝剂MPFA9具有用量少、絮凝效果好等特点。絮凝剂MBFA9为阴离子多糖类絮凝剂,其絮凝机理为吸附架桥。该絮凝剂絮凝效果好的主要原因是分子量较大,含有适宜的羧基,使絮凝剂 分子能够充分伸展,较好地发挥吸附架桥作用。     

阳离子絮凝剂PDA的合成和城市污水的污泥脱水研究

通过控制合成工艺条件得到不同相对分子质量，不同阳离子度的阳离子型高分子絮凝剂ＰＤＡ，以城市生活污水的污泥脱水过程中处理对象，考察了两组ＰＤＡ样品的絮凝脱水的应用性能，并与国内外几种絮凝剂作对比，结果表明在选用的３种阳离子度ＰＤＡ产物中，阳离子度３０％的样品具有最大的ＣＯＤ去除能力，达到７９．４％，相应上清液的透过率为９３．５％，并且形成的絮体大而韧，应用性能表明，阳度子絮凝剂ＰＤＡ的综合性能较好，具有一定的使用价值。     

P(DMC-AM)高分子絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能

论述了高相对分子质量阳离子聚(甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化胺-丙烯酰胺)〔P(DMC-AM)〕絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能研究,讨论了多种因素对絮凝效果的影响。当w(单体)=40%;m(DMC)∶m(AM)=3∶2;m(引发剂)∶m(AM)=0.09∶100时,得到的阳离子型P(DMC-AM)高分子絮凝剂对造纸污水及生活废水有明显的絮凝作用。P(DMC-AM)的最佳絮凝条件为:相对分子质量为430~460万,用量为1.1~1.3 mg/L,阳离子度为33%~38%,废水pH=3~7;在造纸污(废)水体系中,CODC r的去除率可达89%以上,透光率接近100%;采用电子扫描电镜观察絮凝物,结果发现,絮凝后的纤维间可形成多个物理吸附点,交叉网状结构明显,网络编织致密,说明桥联及电中和作用明显,絮凝效果优异。     

Flockung und Entwässerung von Klärschlamm mit Hilfe von Polyelektrolyten

An investigation was performed with the aim of ascertaining how a digested sewage sludge could be converted into mechanically stable flocs through the addition of a flocculating agent, while achieving the best possible dewatering efficiency with the lowest possible dosage of flocculation agent. In order to obtain conclusive results which can be transferred to large-scale plants, the effectiveness of the flocculating agents and the various flocculation procedures were tested in a patented, mobile, computer-assisted flocculation and dewatering apparatus. The sewage sludge was conditioned with flocculating agents which had previously been thoroughly characterized in terms of their chemical structure, charge density and molar mass. The cationic flocculating agents had charge densities ranging from 25–55 mol-% and molar masses from 1.5 · 10⁶–12.9 · 10⁶ g mol^?, whereas the anionic flocculating agent had a charge density of 36 mol-% and a molar mass of 7.6 · lo6 g mol^?. In contrast to other suspensions already investigated, for sewage sludge it was found that no improvement can be achieved in the already very high dewatering level when cationic monoflocculation is used (laboratory trial: 95% filtrate yield by mass after 4 s). Nor was it possible to reduce the optimum dosage by using the dual procedure. In addition, it was possible to show that the chemical structure, i.e. the nature of the polyelectrolyte, and the molar mass of the cationic polyelectrolytes investigated exert a by far larger influence on the dewatering efficiency than the charge density in a range between 25 and 55 mol-%. Furthermore, it has also been observed that the conditioning efficiency of the polyelectrolytes increases as the molar mass rises and the chemical structure influences the dewatering result primarily through the position of the charge-bearing group.     

Interaction mechanism of flocculants with coal waste slurry

Coal tailings are the inevitable by-product of coal mining and preparation plants, and often are problematic in terms of dewatering and solid-liquid separation. The interaction of multi-component fine coal tailings with various coagulants and flocculants are important in dewatering processes. Tunçbilek coal preparation plant wastes are composed of 81% inorganic solids with negative surface charges dominating at all pHs. The highest settling rate and turbidity values without flocculant are obtained at natural pH of 8.3 due to the presence of inorganic ions in the suspension particularly Mg²⁺and Ca²⁺that act as natural coagulants. Additon of medium and low charge density anionic flocculants with high molecular weight at natural pH produced higher settling rates at lower dosages than nonionic and cationic flocculants. It shown that the charge density of anionic flocculants has a significant effect on both settling rate and supernatant turbidity, also the settling rate increases with increasing the degree of anionicity. Anionic flocculants having high molecular weight and high anione charge density produced flocs at sufficient size necessary for settling conditions, yet anionic flocculants having low charge density were more effective in the clarification of suspensions containing clay minerals of high stability. The multivalent ions act as a bridge between negatively charged coal, quartz and clay minerals with anionic groups (-CH₂-(CH-CO)-COO groups) of the polymer. Non-ionic flocculants required higher dosages than other flocculants to achieve equivalent settling rates; though excellent turbidity values were obtained in most common pH values. Cationic flocculants of higher charge densities (%70) achieved good settling rates and low supernatant turbidities (9.9 NTU) at natural pH for a dosage of 119.7 g/t-solids flocculant. An interaction mechanism of each polymer type with different components of the tailings is proposed.     

天然改性淀粉絮凝剂的研制与应用

综述了淀粉-接枝共聚物、淀粉醚类化合物、淀粉黄原酸酯化合物等3类天然改性淀粉絮凝剂的研究进展及其在水处理中的应用.指出今后应加强药剂的作用机理、不同组分协同效应,特别是药剂相对分子质量大小对絮凝、缓蚀、阻垢杀菌性能影响的研究.     

活性微生物絮凝剂的应用研究

从活性污泥中筛选得到一株活性微生物絮凝剂产生菌(127#),培养得到微生物絮凝剂,与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)进行了絮凝效果对比试验。结果表明,该微生物絮凝剂处理面食废水、乳品废水、啤酒废水、石料废水及磨料废水,絮凝效果显著,对剩余活性污泥脱水性能有明显改善。