基于渗透测试的通信光缆寻障定位仿真研究

针对传统通信光缆寻障定位方法信号去噪性能较差的问题,提出一种基于渗透测试的通信光缆寻障定位方法,基于渗透测试对通信光缆实施OTDR测试,设定仪表上的物理参数,获取其OTDR曲线,从而获取通信光缆活动接头、断裂、弯曲等各种故障信息,完成OTDR测试后,计算故障前与故障后的具体光功率差值,获取通信光缆的故障点发生位置,确定故障点发生位置后,利用溶接点定位方法分析OTDR曲线,获取测试端与故障点之间的光纤长度、测试端距各个机房的光纤长度,对该故障点进行准确定位,实现了基于渗透测试的通信光缆寻障定位。实验结果表明,基于渗透测试的通信光缆寻障定位方法的去噪信号高频部分波形更加密集且平稳,即该方法的信号去噪性能较好,更适用于通信光缆的寻障定位。     

基于光功率值监测的光纤故障诊断方法

针对传统光纤故障诊断技术模型复杂,故障数据采集方法繁琐,模糊规则难以确定等问题,提出了基于光功率值监测的光纤故障诊断方法,首先针对光纤故障的特点,利用光功率的变化值描述光纤中不确定性故障信息,运用光功率的异常特征相关系数对故障的可能性进行规约;最后把规约后优化数据输入到BP故障识别网络中,采用最小二乘法与梯度搜索方法使网络的实际故障输出值与期望的输出值的误差均方值最小,完成对光纤不同故障状态的识别和诊断,实现远程数据采集与故障诊断.分析表明,改进方法能够实现光纤不同故障的诊断,有效地提高了光纤故障模式的识别能力.     

基于OTDR和光功率测试的光纤故障监测应用方法

为了降低光纤光缆故障率和缩短光缆网络故障诊断时间,提出了一种基于光功率测试和光时域反射仪的光纤故障监测方法;利用光功率测试技术对光缆性能进行实时监控并预警光缆故障;分析光纤功率衰减的原因,计算得到光缆修理增加的长度,设计了修正故障地点的算法;当光缆网络发生故障时,利用光时域反射仪测试故障位置,并利用误差检测算法对电缆衰减进行分析排除,对故障地点进行故障位置修正以便快速抢修;结果表明,该方法可以降低光缆网络故障率,在故障定位中可以提高光缆故障定位的精度,计算的故障位置与实际故障位置的误差不超过10m,可以进行实时快速的维修,对于运营时间较长的光缆网络的效果更明显,具有较好的应用价值。     

小波分析在通讯光纤故障诊断系统中的应用研究

小波分析理论在信号去噪、信号奇异值分析等方面有显著的优势。通过Matlab小渡变换工具箱仿真实现曲线信号的降噪、OTDR曲线分析,并通过实验确定光纤故障诊断系统中OTDR事件点。     

小波分析在光时域反射计中的应用

光时域反射计(OTDR)主要用于测试整个光纤链路的衰减,并提供与长度有关的衰减细节,但有时测量曲线会有较大误差。根据小波分析在奇异性检测及对信号进行消噪处理的理论,提出用小波分析对OTDR测量曲线进行奇异性检测和消噪的方法。利用OTDR对光纤进行了测试,实验结果显示:光纤实际接口位置与基于小波分解算法用计算机监测的位置实际偏差在4 m以内,并对正常光纤接口位置没有误监现象,表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于OptiSystem的WDM系统的设计与仿真

利用光波分复用（WDM）系统,将五组不同波长的光信号组合复用并耦合到光缆信号的同一根光纤中进行传输,采用光学仿真软件OptiSystem进行光发送机,光传输链路,光接收机模块的搭建和分析。本文通过改变输出光功率,光纤传输长度和光纤的损耗系数的参数,验证系统可行性,探究其对于光纤通信系统性能的影响,得出本系统最佳输出光功率,最远传输距离,和最佳光纤损耗系数参数,建立了一个可靠性良好的光纤通信系统。该系统相对于传统的光纤通信,具有更高的灵敏度和更低的误码率,对未来光纤通信技术的发展具有深远的影响。     

基于GIS和OTDR的光纤智能监控系统研究

为了提高光纤故障处置效率,设计了一种基于GIS和OTDR的光纤智能监控系统;介绍了系统的总体技术架构和软件功能框架;采用小波分析技术,提取OTDR曲线中的事件信息,找出故障点位置;将故障点的光纤长度数据转换为经纬度数据,并结合光缆拓扑结构和GIS系统,将故障点在电子地图上实时显示并告警;经过系统测试,结果表明:系统的OTDR损耗分辨率达到0.01 dB,动态范围为34~45 dB,监测响应时间为5 ms;故障定位误差小于10 m,告警时间为2 ms,完全满足光缆应急处置要求。     

一种开关磁阻电动机功率变换器故障诊断方法

针对现有开关磁阻电动机功率变换器故障诊断方法存在可靠性不高等问题,提出了一种新型的功率管故障诊断方法。该方法以不对称半桥型功率变换器主电路为研究对象,以常见的功率管开路和短路2种故障情况为诊断对象,通过比较母线电流估算值和实测值来判断故障,结合故障相绕组电流实现故障相的识别,必要时通过中断测试来确定故障点。选取电动机空载、低速度和高速度运行等较难实现故障诊断的工况进行了试验分析,结果表明,该方法均能完成故障类型的定性及故障点的准确定位。     

一种电力光纤实时监测系统设计

提出了一种电力光纤实时监测系统。根据电力光纤环网的特点进行设计,结合OTDR技术和GPRS技术,实现对光纤的实时监测。当光纤有故障发生时,第一时间向工作人员发送报警短信,同时在网站地图上显示故障点位置。实验证明,该系统能在20秒内完成对光纤故障点定位,发送报警短信,以及在地图上显示故障点位置等操作,具有较强的实用性。     

光纤放大器及其应用

1　前言自单模光纤投入使用以来 ,限制高速光纤通信系统进行长距离传输的因素主要有两个 ,其一是光纤的衰耗 ,其二是光纤的色散。光纤的衰耗使信号在传输过程中不断衰减 ,使光信号的传输距离受到限制。光纤的色散使具有一定光谱线宽的光脉冲在传输过程中不断展宽 ,最终产生码间     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.