基于生长模型的温室虚拟黄瓜构建研究*

在温室内对黄瓜植株生长进行实验观测,以生育期内累积生长度日为参数分别建立黄瓜的形态发生与生理功能模型.采用类封装技术对植株生长单元及器官类进行定义,建立植株拓扑结构与器官形态变化的规则化描述模型,通过信息融合与重构处理构建植株生长的虚拟模型.实验表明该方法在虚拟植株生长方面具有一定的可行性和有效性,为动态掌握和预测适宜...     

基于视频特征提取的虚拟植物动态仿真研究*

植物生长信息的提取与重构是在计算机上实现植物生长动态仿真的基础和关键。以树的生长为对象,将包含植物生长信息的视频图像转换为若干关键帧数据,提取反映植株拓扑结构与器官形态变化的特征信息,采用枝条拼接算法对植株拓扑变化过程进行重构。通过3DMAX开发平台对植株生长过程进行重建,结果表明该方法既能有效构建植株生长的数字化模型,又能较好地虚拟植物生长和形态演变过程。     

蠕虫智能扩散形式化分析及权策略算法实现

抽象蠕虫扩散的一般过程,采用确定的有限自动机理论,对蠕虫扩散行为进行形式化描述。建立智能扩散自动机模型,为研究蠕虫扩散过程提供了一种直观的形式化手段。提出加权树策略,基于该策略设计智能扩散模型并详细阐述权策略的核心算法,描述蠕虫智能扩散的本质特征和执行过程。形式论证结果表明,该模型能够有效地刻画智能扩散的特征,实现基于堆遍历加权策略的扩散仿真。     

一种基于环境变化的树木动态生长仿真模型

研究虚拟植物生长的仿真应用较广.针对数字娱乐领域中用于虚拟场景的植物形态-功能仿真的有限需求,为了提高真实性,提出了一种通用的基于环境变化的虚拟树木动态生长的仿真模型,来仿真各种树木的生长过程.采用L系统描述树木的拓扑结构,结合植物学相关知识,引入了环境因素对树木生长的影响,将树木的生物学特性进行抽象与加权处理,建立了树木生长与光照信息交换的简洁算法.仿真实验结果表明,该模型能较好地反映了环境因素变化对植物生长的影响,较真实地仿真再现了树木的动态生长过程.     

化工过程仿真培训系统的单元过程多模型集成

该文提出经工过程仿真训练系统的单元过程多模型集成方法，用有限状态自动机控制的集成多模型描述方法，描述了经工过程仿真系统的单元过程模型，进而讨论了对集成的多模型进行仿真的方法，提出了状态转换的监测与协调算法。把引发状态转换的事件分析为四类：数据通讯，教师台操作高等系统事件，外部操作，发生时间可预先确定的显式事件；由工艺参数和／或控制信号的变化引发的，发生时间不能预先定的隐式事件，分别讨论了多各事件在     

基于生长动力学的芦苇属植株虚拟生长模型

针对植株形态建模过程中由于缺乏生理生态特性而导致模型无法真实再现植株生长发育规律的问题,提出了一种基于生长动力学的植株形态变化模型构建方法。以芦苇属植株为例,首先研究了植株生长动力学特性,并以有效积温、生长速率变化等为驱动力构造了植株形态建成模型;其次,应用开放式L系统(Open-L)方法描述了植株冠层拓扑演变过程;最后,通过耦合植株拓扑与器官形体的几何模型及显示模型,给出了植株虚拟生长模型构建算法。实验结果表明,该方法实现了植株形态的可视化,并反映了植物生长机理,有利于动态掌握和预测植物生长发育状况。     

基于送达率约束的无线传感器网络低时延拓扑控制算法研究

基于数据紧迫采集应用场景(如地震、火灾预警),分析了其拓扑控制的目标和需求,建立了网络模型并且进行了形式化描述和数学分析,提出了一种基于送达率约束的低时延拓扑控制算法(LDBDC)。该算法可以根据给定的送达率约束计算给定区域的近似最优平均跳数,从而得到虚拟网格的边长。仿真实验表明,LDBDC能够获得近似最优的拓扑结构,在满足送达率约束的前提下使得网络的平均时延最小。     

网格调度仿真测试环境中自动机模型的研究

网格调度仿真测试环境通过模拟广域范围内的异构资源以及网格中间件的部分功能,为网格调度算法提供了测试环境.自动机模型来源于形式语言与自动机领域,在GridSim的基础上应用自动机模型,设计了仿真处理自动机实现了模拟过程的状态化,使得仿真测试环境具有了层次清晰、可配置和可扩展等优点.     

面向描述语言的蠕虫扩散过程形式化研究

建立典型的蠕虫扩散自动机模型,运用确定的有限状态自动机理论对蠕虫扩敞行为进行形式化描述,并且论证其正确性.本文提出一种扩敞描述语言,解决扩散自动机的形式描述、本质特征和执行过程问题.为研究蠕虫扩散行为提供一种更为直观的形式化手段.     

面向对象软件体系结构的形式化模型

软件体系结构设计中的形式化方法，一直是软件工程领域中的研究热点。而在面向对象环境中如何对体系结构进行形式化，以精确描述其静态结构与动态交互行为，则一直未有好的解决办法。本文使用符号逻辑方法描述面向对象系统中的基本组成单元，并使用有限自动机建立面向对象体系结构的形式化模型。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.