Summary of the `Guide for abnormal frequency protection for powergenerating plants' ANSI/IEEE C37.106-198X

The hazards of operating generation equipment at abnormal frequencies are described and acceptable protective schemes are summarized. The discussion covers: generator and turbine over- and underlying capability; underfrequency protection methods for steam turbines; generator-transformer overexcitation considerations; nuclear generating plants; and combustion-turbine underfrequency operation     

Summary of `Withstand capability of relay systems to radiatedelectromagnetic interference from transceivers' (ANSI/IEEEC37.90.2-1987)

An introduction is presented to the trial use standard ANSI/IEEE C37.90.2, Withstand Capability of Relay System to Radiated Electromagnetic Interference from Transceivers. This introduction provides background information on the need for the standard, a summary of the withstand test parameters and procedures, and some of the comments which have been made on the standard. Misoperations experienced, effects of RFI (radio-frequency interference) on static relay circuitry, failure modes, and test parameters are discussed     

Summary of the `Guide for AC generator protection' ANSI/IEEEC37.102-1987

The material contained in ANSI/IEEE Std C37 102-1987 is briefly described, and some examples are presented. The Guide reviews the generally accepted forms of protection for synchronous generators and their excitation systems. It describes the proper application of relays and other devices and serves as a guide for the selection of equipment to obtain adequate protection. The Guide is primarily concerned with protection against faults and abnormal operating conditions for large hydraulic, steam, and combustion-turbine generators     

Comparison of ANSI/IEEE and IEC requirements for low-voltage switchgear

As economies become more global in scope, the ability to satisfy different markets with a single or basic product is attaining an increased focus. For electrical distribution and control products, this is made somewhat difficult due to the difference in standards and market expectations in different parts of the world. This paper discusses and compares some of the major conformance testing and constructional differences between metal-enclosed switchgear designed in accordance with American National Standards Institute/IEEE standards with similar switchgear and controlgear equipment designed in accordance with International Electrotechnical Commission standards. With the comparison of the constructional and conformance test procedures between the two standards, it becomes evident that the application of the products in an environment foreign to the standard to which it was designed requires careful consideration.     

ANSI／IEEE Std 446-1995 IEEE推荐实施规程用于工商业的应急和备用电源设备（连载一）

该实施规程提出应急和备用电源设备的使用、电源类型、设计和维护。其中第三章概述了社会对应急和备用电源设备的需求以及应急和备用电源设备的配置。第九章罗列了特殊产业对这些电源的不同需求。第四章和第五章论述了这些电源的选用问题。第六章就电源设备和开关装置在系统发生故障时的保护,提出了推荐的应对措施。第七章对设备的接地提出了推荐的设计要求。第十章对满足可靠性目标提出了推荐的设计要求。第八章提出了推荐的维护实施规程。     

Introduction to ANSI/IEEE standard 668-1987: IEEE recommendedpractice for electrical heating applications to melting furnaces andforehearths in the glass industry

This recommended practice, which has been in force since 1976, was adopted in 1987 as an ANSI/IEEE standard to be applied in the glass industry. Its purpose is to present procedures and positions preferred by the IEEE for the use of electric heating in glass furnaces and forehearths, to provide agreed definitions of equipment and operations, and to provide criteria for the safe operation of these electrical heating applications. The standard was prepared under the sponsorship of the Glass Industry Committee of the IAS. A brief outline of topics covered by the standard is given     

变压器差动回路电流平衡的检验方法

通过对模拟变压器各侧的各种短路故障进行测试,验证差动回路电流平衡的正确性,有助于全面系统地理解变压器差动微机保护的原理和特性,掌握调试、维护和使用的方法。     

Automation of the ANSI C119.4-1991 connector test

Automation of the ANSI C119.4-1991 connector test has been expensive. The ANSI test requires accelerated aging using AC current. The resistance of each connector must be measured periodically using DC current. These requirements generate the need for two power sources switched in and out by a computer-controlled relay. This relay must have contact current carrying capabilities equal to that of the cable on test. For large conductor sizes this expense becomes formidable. A method of making accurate ohm measurements of the connectors without connecting or disconnecting the conductor is given in this paper. Automation of the test can be established for a minimal investment with the information given. Automation will allow more information to be gathered, which will lead to the connector aging process being better understood and controlled     

Progress in step and touch voltage equations of ANSI/IEEE Std80-historical perspective

This paper describes the evolution of safety criteria and the development of basic formulae for evaluation of the step and touch potentials in AC substations, from 1961 to the present time. Refinements proposed for the 1996 edition of ANSI/IEEE Std 80 are presented in a broader context of the continuing development of this popular IEEE Guide. Examples of a typical grounding design illustrate the difference in evaluation procedures given in the 1961, 1986 and 1996 (proposed) editions, and their practical impact on making the design safe     

Bibliography of relay literature, 1986-7: IEEE Committee Report

The latest of a series of classified lists of power-system relay references, begun in 1927, is presented. The papers listed include references to the subjects of service restoration, testing, and methods of calculation, as well as to the field of relaying. Only the more readily available foreign publications are included     

数字变电站继电保护调试验收探讨

110kV中华变是由智能化一次设备、网络化二次设备按IEC61850标准分层构建的数字化站,用光纤网络取代了包括了保护交流采样、跳合闸回路的几乎所有传统二次回路。原来保护和二次回路调试方法、检验规程已不完全适用,给二次系统的调试验收工作了提出新的要求。本文针对110kV中华变继电保护调试验收的现场工作,着重介绍了保护装置交流量的输入、GOOSE报文监测、整组试验等调试方法及验收过程中需注意的各方面事项,以期对今后数字化变电站二次系统的调试验收工作有所帮助。     

Transients computation for relay testing in real-time

This paper discusses characteristics of a new digital simulator for protection relay testing. The most demanding design requirement is computation of fault transients under the condition of real-time change of power system configuration due to relay operation. This problem is solved using EMTP computational techniques enhanced with novel numerical solutions for dynamic power system configuration change and nonlinear element modeling. An advanced computer architecture is utilized to achieve further optimization of the execution time for the transients computation code. The main advantage of this design is the use of conventional single processor computer architecture in combination with advanced digital signal processors (DSPs). This makes this simulator an off-the-shelf product with all the benefits of commercially available computers priced at a relatively low cost     

大功率磁保持继电器起动电路的设计

为了从硬件上增加起动电路的自我保护,减少继电器起动时对控制电路中智能芯片的干扰,对双极性大功率磁保持继电器起动电路的常见方案进行了改进.     

大功率磁保持继电器起动电路的设计

为了从硬件上增加起动电路的自我保护,减少继电器起动时对控制电路中智能芯片的干扰,对双极性大功率磁保持继电器起动电路的常见方案进行了改进。     

An advanced method for testing of distance relay operatingcharacteristic

This paper describes a test method for distance relays using an advanced open-loop digital simulator. Derivation of test signals during prefault and fault, and test procedure are introduced. It is demonstrated that the method of generating test signals and the procedure of applying them to a relay under test directly affect test results. Prefault voltage and current are also a very important factor. The decaying DC offset is considered as well. Test results for five different relays using this new method are presented in this paper. The results demonstrate practical benefits of the test method     

Bibliography of relay literature, 1998 IEEE Committee Report

The latest of a series of classified lists of power system relaying references, begun in 1927, is presented. This bibliography is in continuation to the bibliographies of relay literature, which were published previously and are contained in the following volumes of the IEEE Transactions     

Bibliography of relay literature, 2001 IEEE committee report

The latest of a series of classified lists of power system relaying references, begun in 1927, is presented. This bibliography is in continuation to the bibliographies of relay literature, which were published previously and are contained in the following volumes of the IEEE Transactions.     

Bibliography of relay literature, 1996 IEEE Committee Report

The latest of a series of classified lists of power system relaying references, begun in 1927, is presented. This bibliography is in continuation to the bibliographies of relay literature which were published previously and are contained in previous volumes of the IEEE Transactions. The papers listed include references to the subjects of service restoration, testing and methods of calculation, as well as to the field of relaying. Only the more readily available foreign bibliographies of relay literature which were published publications are included. Each reference includes the title, author, publication information, and a very brief summary of the subject matter. The listing of the titles is subdivided into ten sections, depending upon the general substance of each article: relaying algorithms; distribution and network protection; transmission line protection; relay input sources; rotating machinery protection; other protection; fault and system calculations; maintenance, testing, analysis, and modeling; stability, out of step, restoration; and surge phenomena     

Bibliography of relay literature,2004 IEEE committee report

The latest of a series of classified lists of power system relaying references, begun in 1927, is presented. This bibliography is in continuation to the bibliographies of relay literature, which were published previously and are contained in the following volumes of the IEEE Transactions.     

Bibliography of relay Literature, 2003 IEEE committee report

The latest of a series of classified lists of power system relaying references, begun in 1927, is presented. This bibliography is in continuation to the bibliographies of relay literature, which were published previously and are contained in the following volumes of the IEEE Transactions.