肉座菌Z28产纤维素酶工艺研究

采用液体发酵法,对肉座菌(Hypocrea sp.)Z28的最适产纤维素酶条件进行了研究.结果表明:在以稻草粉为碳源,硫酸铵为氮源,接种量2%,发酵时间6d,温度为30℃,pH值6.0,转速为180r/min的条件下,纤维素酶活力最高,其CMCase活力为66.35U/mL,FPA活力为13.75U/mL,β-葡萄糖苷酶活力为14.26U/mL.     

β-葡萄糖苷酶的异源表达及与纤维素酶协同酶解竹纤维

在毕赤酵母GS115中表达东方肉座菌EU7-22的β-葡萄糖苷酶基因（bgl?）,获得基因工程菌株BP17。优化BP17发酵产酶条件后,重组β-葡萄糖苷酶活力达121 IU/mL。酶学性质研究表明,该酶最适反应温度为70℃,在60℃以下有较好的热稳定性;最适催化pH为5.0,在pH 3.0 ~ 8.0之间有较好的稳定性。将异源表达的β-葡萄糖苷酶添加到东方肉座菌的纤维素酶液中协同降解经过预处理的竹纤维,当纤维素酶添加量为FPA 20 IU/g底物,β-葡萄糖苷酶添加量为BG 6 IU/g底物时,纤维二糖浓度显著下降,酶解得率达到83.03%,表明重组β-葡萄糖苷酶的加入更有利于纤维素的酶解糖化。     

秸秆制氢过程中纤维素酶酶活测定方法研究

秸秆类生物质进行本酶解糖化,而后进行光合细菌产氢过程中,确定其纤维素酶酶负荷是秸秆酶法预处理的关键步骤.确定其酶负荷首先要对纤维素酶酶活力进行测定,酶活力的测定有多种方法可以选用.将多种纤维素酶活测定方法进行融合,滤纸酶活力可以代表纤维素酶的总体酶活力,且分光光度计法大大缩短了酶活力测定所需要的时间,且具有较商的精确度...     

稻草秸秆多酶水解条件研究

研究了稻草秸秆经过稀酸预处理后的酶水解条件,得到用于生产燃料乙醇的还原糖。试验结果表明:稻草秸秆经1%(w/w)的稀硫酸浸润,液固比(v/w)为5∶1,在121℃条件下处理60min后,每克稻草秸秆的初始水解还原糖得率达到0.187g。预处理后,在45℃,pH4.8,120r/min,48h条件下,采用酶的添加量最优配比(每克秸秆添加木聚糖酶217IU,纤维素酶5.13FPU,果胶酶25μ,β-葡聚糖酶500μ,淀粉酶150μ)时,水解产生的还原糖浓度达到最大值84.22g/L,原料水解率为41.19%。在酶水解糖化过程中,当MgSO4,Tween80的添加量分别为0.0001,0.005g时对纤维素酶有激活作用。     

白腐菌预处理稻草秸秆对Z28产纤维素酶的影响

研究了白腐菌预处理稻草秸秆对Z28产纤维素酶的影响.结果表明:在稻草秸秆上接种黄孢原毛平革菌,经过28d处理后,Z28发酵产纤维索酶,CMCase活力提高了31.4%,FPA活力提高了51.2%,β-葡萄糖苷酶活力提高了60.8%,未灭菌处理组β-葡萄糖苷酶的活力提高率远远大于灭菌处理组.     

甘蔗渣高温同步糖化发酵制取燃料乙醇研究

研究添加不同量纤维素酶对甘蔗渣酶解效果的影响,结果表明葡萄糖浓度随加酶量增加而增加,最优的添加量为30FPU/(g原料)。利用克鲁维氏酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)NCYC 587,在42℃下进行甘蔗渣高温同步水解糖化发酵实验,发现额外添加β-葡萄糖苷酶能有效提高乙醇的质量浓度,经48h发酵,添加30IU/(g葡聚糖)的β-葡萄糖苷酶可提高乙醇浓度30%。通过分批补料方式提高固体浓度至20%,比较SSF和SHF两种工艺,发现前者经72h可产生36.2g/L乙醇,发酵效率为0.50g/(L·h),后者经120h可获得41.2g/L乙醇,发酵效率为0.34g/(L·h)。     

汽爆玉米秸秆产乙醇的补料同步糖化发酵优化

为提高反应系统中的底物浓度,减少酶用量,以蒸汽爆破预处理的玉米秸秆及高性能的酵母菌株Y5进行补料同步糖化发酵研究。通过同步糖化发酵策略的优化,经两次补料使反应体系底物浓度提高至25.7%,同步糖化发酵72h,即可获得41.7g/L的乙醇浓度,综合转化率64%。同时,纤维素酶及β-葡萄糖苷酶用量分别可降至7FPU/(g纤维素)及7IU/(g纤维素)。     

正交试验法研究肉座菌(Hypocrea sp.)Z28生长及产纤维素酶工艺

通过设计正交试验,分别对影响肉座菌(Hypocrea sp.)Z28生长与产纤维素酶的4个因子进行了研究.结果表明:在偏酸性,生长60h,高C/N的条件下,Z28长势最好;在优化条件下,CMCase活力为69.8 U/mL.FPA活力为22.0U/mL,β-葡萄糖苷酶活力为15.2 U/mL.     

基于响应面法对秸秆纤维素乙醇生产工艺参数的优化

文章在对里氏木霉T12菌株产纤维素酶的培养条件进行单因素优化的基础上,以滤纸酶活力(FPA)为响应值,通过Plackett-Burman设计法筛选出对产酶影响最显著的3个因素,依次为麦麸>温度>氯化钙。响应面优化结果为当麦麸、温度、氯化钙分别为6.27 g/L,31℃,0.709 g/L时,纤维素酶理论最大FPA酶活为62281.3 U/m L。在优化后的培养条件下纤维素酶粗酶液的实际FPA酶活为60 126.5±16.0 U/m L。将纤维素酶粗酶液以10%添加量加入秸秆一步转化乙醇的5 L发酵罐中,经过144 h的发酵,乙醇产量(v/v)可达到7.05%±0.18%。     

混合固态发酵降解甘蔗渣产糖产乙醇研究

以碱处理甘蔗渣为原料,比较里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei CICC40359)和斜卧青霉(Penicillium decumbens LSM-1)单菌和混菌固态发酵及转化乙醇效果,研究发酵过程菌体生长、产酶产糖和乙醇转化情况。结果表明:混菌发酵效果优于单菌,在接种量8%,发酵温度30℃,混菌固态发酵(SSF)72h后总糖和还原糖产量最大值为20.21 g/L和12.47 g/L;β-葡萄糖苷酶活力和菌体生物量在144 h后分别达到0.48 IU/m L和0.21 g/g DM;对发酵3 d后底物(包括生成糖、合成酶及未降解基质)接种酵母进行乙醇同步糖化发酵,乙醇浓度在发酵24 h时达到5.83 g/L,发酵效率达到理论值的40.84%。利用多菌混合固态发酵转化底物产乙醇能避免传统乙醇生产过程高成本纤维素酶的应用,为纤维乙醇生产提供一条经济有效的新途径。     

A TECHNIQUE TO CIRCUMVENT A SINGULARITY AT A RADIAL CENTER WITH APPLICATION FOR A THREE-DIMENSIONAL CYLINDRICAL SYSTEM

A technique was invented to circumvent computational singularity at a radial center of cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. The idea is as follows. The radial velocity at a center is given by the average of adjacent circumferential directional velocity components located at ± 0.5π rod. Sample computations are presented for natural convection in a vertical cylinder with two different thermal boundary conditions. Those velocity profiles through a cylinder center are smoothly represented.     

A NONLINEAR INDIRECT MEASUREMENT PROBLEM FOR A MULTITHERMOCOUPLE PROBE IMMERSED IN A LIQUID

The problem described herein concerns the processing of the time-dependent, internal temperatures within a multithermocouple probe. These are used to compute the temperature of the surrounding fluid, as part of an inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP). The novel achievement in this work is that the exchange coefficients do not have to be supplied a priori, but instead are an additional solution output. Consequently the IHCP is nonlinear and requires significant stabilization. Four methods are applied successively, until a satisfactory solution is found: the parameterization of spatial variations in fluid temperatures and exchange coefficients; a functional specification method (using future time data) to address the noncausal nature of the solution; a lower bound on the exchange coefficient; and a maximum number of iterations at each time step (in accordance with the discrepancy principle).     

A solar-assisted biogas system: A new approach

In order to increase the production of biogas, particularly in the winter months of northern India, a new design of a collection-cum-storage water heater integrated with the dome of conventional Indian (KVIC) biogas units has been proposed and studied theoretically. During sunshine hours, the biogas system is exposed to solar radiation to increase the slurry temperature, and is covered with movable insulation to avoid night heat losses from the top as well as the sides of the dome. Some interesting conclusions have been drawn.     

A THERMOMECHANICAL MODEL OF SOLIDIFICATION ON A PLANE WALL WITH A SINGLE ASPERITY OF ARBITRARY SHAPE

A thermomechanical model of solidification on a plane wall with a single asperity of arbitrary shape f(x), where x is measured along the wall, is presented. We shall assume that f(x     

A NUMERICAL STUDY OF JETS IN A REACTING CROSSFLOW

This article is concerned with computational modeling of the mixing of circumferentially placed round jets with a crossflow in a circular duct. This flow is relevant to many engineering applications including gas turbines and steel melting furnaces. Both nonreacting and reacting flows are considered. The fundamental characteristics that govern the mixing of the air and fuel streams are investigated. Further, the applicability of a laminar flamelet model for prediction of the combustion process is assessed through comparison of code predictions to experimental data.