共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
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主要研究了羊毛织物在非离子表面活性剂反胶束体系中的同浴染色及酶处理。所用表面活性剂为聚氧乙烯山梨醇油酸酯(吐温-85)。酶在吐温-85反胶束体系中的溶解性通过小角X-射线散射分析法测定。测定结果表明,吐温-85反胶束体系可以将染料和酶同时置于该反胶束体系内部而不会改变染料和酶的结构。在该反胶束体系中,羊毛织物对酸性染料和活性染料可有效吸附。不同的酶在该体系中的反应活性不同,染料对酶有负面作用。 相似文献
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为研究反胶束体系中蛋白酶对羊毛的作用,制备了基于吐温-80/环己烷的蛋白酶反胶束体系,研究表面活性剂用量、n[H2O]/n[Tween-80]、处理温度和时间对羊毛蛋白酶减量效果的影响。实验结果表明,环己烷、正丁醇及吐温-80的体积比为5:1:1,n[H2O]/n[Tween-80]为18,55 ℃条件下反应4 h时羊毛织物减量率较高。与蛋白酶用量同为2%(o.w.f)条件下的水相处理相比,反胶束体系中处理的羊毛减量率略低,但上染速率较高,表明反胶束体系中酶解反应可能主要发生在纤维鳞片层。SEM照片显示反胶束体系中处理的羊毛与水相条件下相比,其试样鳞片去除效果相近,后者处理的羊毛纤维损伤略高。 相似文献
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超声波辅助不同反胶束体系前萃7S和11S球蛋白的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要研究了利用3种反胶束体系萃取7S、11S球蛋白,考查了缓冲溶液pH、WO、萃取温度、萃取时间等4因素对蛋白前萃率的影响规律,通过对3种反胶束体系提取7S、11S球蛋白的比较,筛选出最适于7S、11S蛋白的提取方法。在相同的条件下,AOT、CAB反胶束体系对大豆7S球蛋白的提取率一般高于对大豆11S球蛋白的提取率;而SDS反胶束体系对大豆7S球蛋白的提取率一般低于对11S球蛋白的提取率。为今后研究不同分子量大小的蛋白与反胶束"水池"微观结构相互关系的规律奠定基础。 相似文献
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采用非离子型表面活性剂Triton X-100、正辛醇、异辛烷和酸性染料水溶液,组成羊毛染色用非离子型反胶束体系.考察了酸性染料在TX-100反胶束和常规水浴中对羊毛纱线的染色性能,并研究了反胶束作为羊毛染色介质的重复使用性能.结果表明,以TX-100反胶束为染色介质,可降低pH值,有利于提高酸性染料对羊毛纱线的染色性能;酸性染料在反胶束中的电导率明显低于在常规水浴;酸性染料在反胶束中对羊毛纱线的上染百分率略低于常规水浴,但耐摩擦色牢度和耐洗色牢度变化不大.TX-100反胶束作为染色介质具有良好的环境友好性,其重复使用的各染样K/S曲线几乎重合,颜色特征值无明显变化,总色差在0.5左右. 相似文献
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研究黑曲霉脂肪酶在反胶束体系中的紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱特性,并优化黑曲霉脂肪酶在反胶束中催化合成己酸乙酯的反应条件,最后分离和鉴定产物。结果表明:在反胶束体系中黑曲霉脂肪酶的结构发生了变化,芳香族氨基酸暴露更多。黑曲霉脂肪酶催化合成己酸乙酯的反应条件为:在含有异辛烷-正己醇-水的体积比为60:4:1,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)添加量100mmol/L的反胶束体系中,脂肪酶质量浓度为0.003g/L,己酸浓度为0.3mol/L,酸醇物质的量比为1:0.9,反应温度为35℃,摇床转速为120r/min条件下16h时己酸乙酯的合成量达到最大,己酸的转化率达到(88.92±1.00)%。 相似文献
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Physicochemical properties of carbonated milk have been examined. Carbonated milk had higher viscosity and longer shelf-life than non-carbonated milk. The size of casein micelle particles in milk was reduced upon carbonation. Consequently, the amount of total casein in the smallest casein micellar fraction was greatly increased. This change in casein micelle distribution was not reversed after carbon dioxide was removed. These changes in micellar distribution were not simply due to pH decrease in the carbonated milk. 相似文献
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《International Dairy Journal》2014,34(1):135-141
The average casein micelle size varies widely between milk samples of individual cows. The factors that cause this variation in size are not known but could provide more insight into casein micelle structure and into the physiology of casein micelle formation. The objective of this research was therefore to determine factors that influence average casein micelle size in milk from individual cows. Average casein micelle size of milk samples was associated with the A and B genetic variants of κ-casein, and differences in concentration of glycosylated κ-casein as a fraction of total milk protein. Milk samples with a low average casein micelle size were associated with the B variant of κ-casein and a higher relative concentration of glycosylated κ-casein, compared with milk samples with a high average casein micelle size. Differences observed may be attributed to the effect of glycosylated κ-casein groups on casein micelle formation in the mammary gland. 相似文献
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An electrochemical approach to the studies of biological redox reactions and their applications to biosensors, bioreactors, and biofuel cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Enzymatic redox reactions for the oxidation (or reduction) of the substrates use organic dyes or metal complexes as electron acceptors (or donors), which can be regenerated by electrochemical reactions of the compounds at an electrode surface. This type of coupling of the enzymatic reactions with the electrochemical reactions is called bioelectrocatalysis and allows us to measure the enzymatic reactions by an electrochemical method. The enzyme-electrochemical method provides a new technique for investigating a variety of biological redox reactions and for applying the reactions to biosensors, bioreactors, and biofuel cells. The bioelectrocatalysis-based research works are described here. First, a new method of protein redox potential measurements and a novel electrochemical kinetic analysis of oxidoreductase reactions are described. Second, a new methodology of characterizing microbial catalytic activities is presented. In the last, applications to the constructions of biosensors, bioreactors, and biofuel cells are mentioned. 相似文献