Experimental investigations of the effect of new passive safety systems on the temperature state of fuel elements

Results of experiments conducted on a large-scale integral PSB-VVéR bench and directed toward investigation of the performance of new passive safety systems for nuclear plants with a water-cooled power reactor, an additional system for passive flooding of the active zone, and a system for the passive removal of heat from steam generators are presented. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 9, September 2007, pp. 7–10.     

水淹厂房风险分析

以大亚湾、岭澳核电厂水淹厂房概率风险分析为例,介绍了在压水堆核电厂水淹厂房概率风险分析的方法.该方法的优势在于,通过建立发电厂数学模型,定量计算发电可能存在的风险,找到发电厂的关键敏感设备,以及其设计上的薄弱环节.     

Development and introduction of new designs for gas-dust flow mixing distribution systems at thermal power plants

The successful introduction and setup of new designs for dust separators in Russian and foreign 200–800 MW coal-fired power production units is described. Results from mathematical and physical modelling of these designs, as well as data on their operation in test stands, are presented. Recommendations are given for the most suitable equipment and configurations of new dust distribution systems in dust preparation systems. Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 7, July 2008, pp. 10–23.     

The Problem of Coordination of Levels of Short-Circuit Currents in Power Systems

The problem of coordination of short-circuit (fault) currents is considered. Data on the dynamics of variation of the levels of single-phase and three-phase short-circuit currents (their highest values) in networks rated for different voltage are presented for a long-term period. The main factors (integral parameters of the networks) affecting the values of short-circuit currents are listed. Statistics of variation of rated parameters of electrical equipment in past years and in the recent period is presented and predictions for the future are made. Basic methods and means for limiting short-circuit currents are discussed. A method of automatic and stationary network separation and a method of circuit design are described in detail. The efficiencies of different methods are compared. The effect of integral parameters of the network on the maximum level of short-circuit currents is shown. The aspects of the switching life of breakers and of allowance for probabilistic characteristics of faults and for the risk factor of decision-making are considered. It is shown that coordination of the levels of short-circuit currents is a possible means for raising the reliability of power installations and systems.__________Translated from Elektricheskie Stantsii, No. 4, April 2005, pp. 19 – 32.     

Efficiency of production of additional condensation power at dual-purpose turbine plants

Results of detailed computations (performed with the use of mathematical models of dual-purpose turbine plants) of the effect of the main operating factors on the energy and economic efficiency of the production of additional condensation power in the periods of power generation (at partially loaded heating extractions and flow of live steam below the rated value) are presented as applied to actual conditions of operation of turbines of different types. The results obtained show that the additional power can be quite competitive in the power market (at least in peak demand periods of the day) and that it is expedient to use dual-purpose turbines for managing electric demand. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 10, October 2006, pp. 26–32.     

Remote assessment of the condition of the metal and determination of causes of damage in elements of thermal power plant equipment

A branch system for on-line inspection of the condition of the metal of thermal power plant equipment with the use of modern telecommunications is described.Translated from Élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 9, September 2004, pp. 11 – 14.     

大埔水电站厂用电设计

论述了大埔水电站厂用电设计的特点,详细介绍厂用电源的引接方式、接线方案、主要电气设备选择的设计过程、方法选择和实际运行及其特点。     

用于潮流能双向发电的导流装置性能研究

为解决受叶片翼型的影响而导致发电设备在一个潮流周期内平均效率下降的问题,提高发电设备总的输出功率,对一种可将潮流双向流动转换为单向流动的双向导流装置进行了研究分析。首先,建立了发电装置输出功率的数学模型,采用数值分析的方法研究了圆角半径对双向导流装置内部流场、阻力系数k、流速比以及水轮机输出功率的影响,随后进行水下拖拽试验,测试双向导流装置的实际效果。研究结果表明:当R<1.4 l时,增大过渡圆角半径有利于降低流动阻力损耗,改善流速分布不均的情况,提高双向导流装置的性能。在相同负载条件下,潮流流速为1 m/s时,加装双向导流装置后,负载上的平均电功率比裸叶片提高了79%。双向导流装置能够避免潮流反向带来的负面影响,显著提高发电设备在一个潮流周期内的平均输出功率。     

基于遗传算法的电力系统无功优化

电力系统无功优化问题可归结为求解离散型控制变量和连续型控制变量共存的非线性规划的数学问题。本文将连续型控制变量按一定精度离散化,使问题转化为只含离散型控制变量,从而建立一种新的无功优化的数学模型,并利用遗传算法对该模型进行求解。以IEEE六节点系统为例,介绍了其数学模型的建立和遗传算法求解的方法,并给出了求解过程的程序框图。     

Use of GTÉ-65 gas turbine power units in the thermal configuration of steam-gas systems for the refitting of operating thermal electric power plants

Thermal configurations for condensation, district heating, and discharge steam-gas systems (PGU) based on the GTé-65 gas turbine power unit are described. A comparative multivariant analysis of their thermodynamic efficiency is made. Based on some representative examples, it is shown that steam-gas systems with the GTé-65 and boiler-utilizer units can be effectively used and installed in existing main buildings during technical refitting of operating thermal electric power plants. Translated from élektricheskie stantsii, No. 6, June 2008, pp. 15–25.     

核电厂核岛场址非均质特征与抗震分析模型研究

核电厂核岛地基的抗震适应性是核电厂选址的重要制约因素。针对我国近年来核电建设中,各厂址地质条件差异大的特点,尤其是非均质的地基条件,结合动力相互作用分析领域的最新研究成果,将场地不均匀性质划分为3种典型类别,即破碎带或夹层分布、近场夹杂、地基成层分布。针对上述3种地基类型,建议了相适应的地基数值分析方法,即比例边界有限元法、阻尼溶剂抽取法、混合变量法,并论证了其适用性。可为核电工程抗震设计与安全评价的数值模型选择提供技术依据。     

Development of shaft lines with a small number of bearings for high power steam turbines

A comparative analysis is made of designs for high power steam turbines with a small number of bearings and those with multiple bearings. Experimental data on the finishing of bearings are presented. The eigenmodes and forced oscillations of a shaft line are calculated and recommendations are made for improving the balancing quality. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 12, December 2007, pp. 52–58.     

长尾水洞抽水蓄能电站调节稳定性及参数优化

佛子岭抽水蓄能电站采用水泵水轮机,尾水调压室的断面尺寸不满足托马稳定断面要求,尾水隧洞长达1 500 m以上,水流惯性大,在空载工况可能诱导引起频率调节的低频脉动,导致机组不能正常并网运行。文中提出了描述抽水蓄能电站调节动态特性的非线性数学模型,提出了衡量水轮机调节性能质量的附加指标———调速器参数的选择应促使调压室水位波动的快速衰减。最后通过数值仿真的方法研究调速器参数bt、Td、Tn的优化选择,不仅使水轮机孤立运行的频率调节具有较好的质量,而且使调压室水位波动快速衰减。     

电厂温排水影响数学模型研究及应用

 为了研究电厂温排水对其受纳水体环境温升影响,在已有工作的基础上,建立了基于河势贴体计算网格形式的平面二维水动力及热扩散数学模型。热扩散模型中各主要参数敏感性分析数值试验结果表明,从定性分析上看,所建立的数学模型模拟结果符合一般温升影响客观规律。应用实例也表明,数模计算与物模试验成果温升影响分布规律基本一致,统计1℃温升影响包络线面积、数模与物模计算误差均在8％以内。这说明所建立的数学模型在一定程度上可以反映河道内温排水所带来的温升影响,且具有一定的精度。     

Increasing the efficiency of the power stations of JSC “Mosénergo”

The work of the JSC“All-Russian Institute of Thermal Technology (JSC “VTI”) on electrical power stations of the “Mosénergo” power system is described. Two vital questions have arisen in the course of this work: ensuring the functionality and reliable operation of equipment which has outlived its design lifetime and refitting the power stations to enhance their performance, reduce their environmental impact, and improve their operational characteristics in accord with the demands of the 21^st century. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 11, November 2007, pp. 73–78.     

百色水利枢纽厂用电设计特点

介绍百色水利枢纽厂用电设计的一些特点,对厂用电源的引接方式、电压等级的选择、接线方案、主要电气设备选择及其特点作了详细介绍.     

百色水利枢纽水电站技术供水系统

介绍了百色水利枢纽水电站技术供水系统的组成、配置、工作原理,以及部分关键设备的设计、选型.论述了该电站技术供水系统的供水方案和方式,通过机组试运行数据分析,证明了系统设计是成功的.     

Information Structure and Software for Processing and Storing Data on Operating Environment and Parameters

A structure and software for processing data on operating environment and parameters of power objects and pools are presented. A information model employing object and temporal approaches is suggested. The model permits classification of equipment and objects and storage of operating states of equipment with binding the measured parameters to them. The model is used as a base for developing Energostat software for processing data at some power enterprises in Russia.