液压厚调系统上,下位机数据通讯接口设计

本文针对液压厚调系统上、下位机串行数据通讯问题，介绍了将ＲＳ２３２信号转换成２０ｍＡ电流环信号进行数据传送的通用串行接口电路装置，从而提高了串行数据传送的可靠性和计算机控制系统的抗扰性，并介绍了液压厚调系统上、下位机间的通讯软件设计及从软件上保证数据传送可靠的措施。     

冶金新技术20行

冶金新技术２０行高炉人工智能监控系统的应用高炉计算机人工智能监控系统最近在石钢２号高炉投入使用，它是一套实时数据采集和数据处理的系统．该系统在进行总体设计时，采用上下使分层的计算机系统结构方式，下位机用于参量信号采集，上位机用于对采集的信号进行数据处...     

位置控制系统中自整角机和相敏放大器的组合作用分析

在控制系统中,自整角机常用于信号的检测。这类信号量多数是直线位移或角位移量,由自整角机将它们转换成一定形式的电量。因此,由自整角机组成的控制系统,大多是位置或位置随动系统,这类系统有着它自己的特点。     

基于Delphi的热镀锌钢板模拟试验装置控制系统

论述了热镀锌钢板模拟试验装置控制系统的开发.该系统为单回路控制系统,主要是依靠上位机和可编程调节器的通信,不断检测试样温度等信号并传送给上位机,并通过利用Delphi开发的上位机监控界面,实现对钢板热镀锌的一系列控制.通过实际运行,达到了宝钢对热镀锌钢板的研究目的.     

连铸机漏钢预报系统优化改造

连铸机漏钢预报系统由检测和控制两部分组成,检测部分负责采集现场结晶器内的温度变化,通过控制部分在上位机显示发出漏钢预报信号,并通过PLC自动降低拉速。为提高漏钢预报准确率,对检测系统及应用软件进行二次开发和优化,增设了热电偶连接缓冲器、大容量中继补偿导线,优化了检测部位的密封性,重点对信号进行防水、防振动、防高温处理,并增加了离线仿真功能,使得漏钢预报系统长期稳定运行,综合漏钢次数从10次/a降到低于4次/a。     

链篦机回转窑计算机自动控制系统的开发

莱芜钢铁集团矿建公司球团厂链篦机回转窑年产100万t合格的氧化球团矿，生产工艺十分复杂，整条生产线由原料库系统、烘干系统、润磨系统、造球系统、链篦机系统、回转窑系统、环冷机等10大子系统构成。本项目对链篦机回转窑实现了计算机自动控制，满足了生产工艺在信号检测及控制方面的要求，在此基础上为生产人员提供了完善实用的操作界面并进行全线监控。为了便于管理与维护，电控系统和仪控系统设置为三电一体化（EIC）控制，统一由PLC完成其控制功能。网络系统采用两级控制：基础级采用MB＋网连接，监控级采用光纤以太环网，Client／Server结构，实现监控终端的集中显示、操作和故障自诊断。     

选厂设备运行状态检测及过载保护微机系统

本系统由两级微机组成，为集状感检测、统计、报表打印及电机过载保护于一体的微计算机系统．前置机选用MCS－48单片机，分6个检测控制点；上位机采用STD总线工业控制机，完成数据处理、打印报表等工作．本系统能实时反映生产现场各设备的运行情况，准确可靠地实现电机的过载保护，为实现生产设备的科学管理创造了条件．     

智能化热膨胀检测应用系统的开发

应用智能检测技术开发了智能化热膨胀检测应用系统。系统由上位机、数据采集系统、温度控制器等部分组成，可用于金属材料膨胀系数以及钢铁材料临界点的测定，具有检测精度高、功能完善、性能稳定等特点。     

连铸机塞棒自动开浇与液位控制系统的设计

弧形连铸机塞棒自动开浇与液位自动控制系统采用Siemens S7-400PLC作为基础自动化设备，模仿人工开浇过程，设定自动开浇的5步动作，并通过生产试验优化了开浇参数。液位调节时，PLC将检测到的液位信号与设定值比较，通过变增益控制器利用差值来控制塞棒运动，以实现全自动浇钢。从而提高了铸坯质量，并为改造中国现有连铸机和设计现代化新铸机提供依据。     

加热炉电气控制中的信号检测与处理

论述了步进梁加热炉的三个主要电气机械设备控制中信号检测和处理的重要性及方法,包括四个方面:数字信号的时间滤波处理,装钢机、出钢机的平移行程检测信号处理和测量故障判断,步进梁的平移行程检测,板坯流出量的检测方法。     

Automated Quality Assessment of Stone Aggregates Based on Laser Imaging and a Neural Network

An automated quality assessment technique is proposed for rapidly detecting excessive size variations during the production of stone aggregates. The system uses a laser profiler to scan collections of aggregate particles and obtain three-dimensional data points on the particle surfaces. For computational efficiency, the resulting data are converted into digital images. Wavelet transforms are then applied to the images to extract features indicative of the material gradation. These wavelet-based features are used as inputs to an artificial neural network, which is trained to classify the aggregate sample. Taken together, these components form a neural network-based classification system that can determine whether or not an aggregate product is in compliance with a given specification. Verification tests show that this approach could potentially help to determine, in an accurate and fast (real-time) manner, when adjustments or repairs to the production equipment are needed.     

水煤浆棒磨机防堵料检测控制系统的设计及应用

介绍防堵料检测控制系统在水煤浆棒磨机上的设计及应用,此防堵料检测装置灵敏度高、安全性高、可远程控制,并且在检测到堵料信号后,能够自动实施一系列解决措施.     

Can Labor Inputs be Measured and Controlled Automatically?

Real-time control of on-site construction is a growing field still in its infancy. Labor inputs is an important project performance indicator to be controlled because it is a leading input in construction projects. A model for automated control was developed and verified in the field, to demonstrate that labor inputs can be automatically measured and controlled. The concept behind this development is that indirect data—workers’ locations measured automatically at regular time intervals—can be collected automatically and converted into labor inputs using computerized algorithms. The model was implemented in a concept-proving prototype, which was applied in three construction projects to verify the concept and test the feasibility of developing a full-scale prototype. The encouraging results of the field experiments showed that it is possible to convert worker’s locations automatically measured at regular time intervals into labor inputs, and thus automatically control them. The expected accuracy of such a system is ±10–20%. Additional work is currently underway to develop a location measurement system and other components of the full-scale prototype.     

Investigations of the influence of titanium addition to the base material on toughness properties of the HAZ

Without taking precautions on the material side the application of fully mechanized welding techniques with high heat inputs into the base metal can lead to undesirable grain growth and unfavourable toughness values in the HAZ. The aim of the investigations of four fine grained steels (FeE 355) with varied contents of titanium and nitrogen and one steel without titanium addition was to study different states of precipitation in the steels, the change after a welding simulation treatment and the comparison with real weldments. The results have shown that in titanium microalloyed steels the increase of the austenitic grain size is clearly lower than in steels without titanium addition. They keep their favourable toughness properties even after welding processes with high heat inputs. The toughness values of the SA weldings are higher than the values of the simulated specimens.     

Signal attenuation as a function of integrator time constant and signal duration

In some laboratories, eyeblink electromyogram is rectified and smoothed before the analog signal is digitized. The relationship among the integrator time constant, the duration of the response, and the attenuation of the data was investigated by passing a number of signals at durations of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 ms into a contour-following integrator (Coulbourn model S76-01), which first rectifies and then smooths (integrates) the signal. Integrator time constants of 10, 42, 70, 144, and 300 ms were used. The output of the integrator was sampled (1,000 Hz) and stored on a Macintosh SE computer. The integrator attenuated the signal, and the amount of attenuation increased as the duration of the signal decreased and as the time constant of the integrator increased. For brief inputs, the integrator does not charge fully, so only the early portion of the charge limb is present, and this early portion is the steepest part of the charge limb. Therefore, the longer the time constant, the less likely that small or brief responses will be detected.     

Temporal dynamics of chromatic tuning in macaque primary visual cortex

The ability to distinguish colour from intensity variations is a difficult computational problem for the visual system because each of the three cone photoreceptor types absorb all wavelengths of light, although their peak sensitivities are at relatively short (S cones), medium (M cones), or long (L cones) wavelengths. The first stage in colour processing is the comparison of the outputs of different cone types by spectrally opponent neurons in the retina and upstream in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Some neurons receive opponent inputs from L and M cones, whereas others receive input from S cones opposed by combined signals from L and M cones. Here we report how the outputs of the L/M- and S-opponent geniculate cell types are combined in time at the next stage of colour processing, in the macaque primary visual cortex (V1). Some V1 neurons respond to a single chromatic region, with either a short (68-95 ms) or a longer (96-135 ms) latency, whereas others respond to two chromatic regions with a difference in latency of 20-30 ms. Across all types, short latency responses are mostly evoked by L/M-opponent inputs whereas longer latency responses are evoked mostly by S-opponent inputs. Furthermore, neurons with late S-cone inputs exhibit dynamic changes in the sharpness of their chromatic tuning over time. We propose that the sparse, S-opponent signal in the lateral geniculate nucleus is amplified in area V1, possibly through recurrent excitatory networks. This results in a delayed, sluggish cortical S-cone signal which is then integrated with L/M-opponent signals to rotate the lateral geniculate nucleus chromatic axes.     

Processing the head direction cell signal: a review and commentary

Animals require information about their location and directional heading in order to navigate. Directional information is provided by a population of cells in the postsubiculum and the anterior thalamic nuclei that encode a very accurate, continual representation of the animal's directional heading in the horizontal plane, which is independent of the animal's location. Recent studies indicate that this signal 1) arises either in the anterior thalamic nuclei or in structures upstream from it; 2) is not dependent on an intact hippocampus; 3) receives sensory inputs from both idiothetic and landmark systems; and 4) correlates well with the animal's behavior in a spatial reference memory task. Furthermore, HD cells in the anterior thalamic nuclei appear to encode what the animal's directional heading will be about 40 ms in the future, while HD cells in the postsubiculum encode the animal's current directional heading. Both the electrophysiological and anatomical data suggest that the anterior thalamic nuclei and/or the lateral mammillary nuclei may be the sites of convergence for spatial information derived from landmarks and internally-generated cues. Current evidence also indicates that the vestibular system plays a crucial role in the generation of the HD cell signal. However, the notion that the vestibular system is the sole contributor to the signal generator is difficult to reconcile with several findings; these latter findings are better accounted for with a motor efference copy signal.     

铜电解整流器谐波的抑制

电解整流器等非线性电力设备接在企业配电系统和电网上运行时,将向配电系统及电网注入谐波电流,并产生不良影响及危害。从自身运行的安全和对电网限制谐波要求两方面考虑,都必须对整流设备及其它非线性用电负荷设备产生的过量谐波进行有效的抑制。     

Bacterial expression and immunological detection of human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein

We have expressed an unfused E7 protein from human papillomavirus 16 into Escherichia coli by using a T7-RNA polymerase system. E7 mRNA was detected one hour after promoter induction. Western blot analysis using either a murine monoclonal antibody elicited against E7 or sera from cervical carcinoma patients demonstrated that recombinant E7 expressed in E. coli reacted to both of them, and a 21 kD band is observed as a positive signal. This protein provides a suitable material for further protein structure and immunological studies and offers a screening tool for identification of circulating antibodies in human sera.