乙醇/水复合溶剂中纳米CaF2的沉淀制备及表征

用纯水溶剂和水/乙醇复合溶剂沉淀制备了不同粒径的CaF2纳米粉体.用FSEM和XRD对沉淀粉体的粒径和形貌进行了观测.研究发现,使用复合溶剂减小了产物纳米CaF2的粒径,从纯水溶液制备的51nm减小到1:4复合溶剂的20nm,并且沉淀粒径随复合溶剂中乙醇含量升高而减小.结果表明,复合溶剂是沉淀制备纳米粉体中控制粒径的有效手段.     

混合溶剂沉淀法制备纳米NiO及其表征

采用NiCl2·6H2O和Na2C2O4为原料,在混合溶剂乙醇 水溶液中,通过化学沉淀法制备出一种浅绿色前驱物,以前驱物的热分析结果为依据,在400℃分解3h可得产物NiO粉体。经XRD、比表面积测定和TEM分析表明,产物为平均粒径23nm且粒径分布均匀、无团聚的球形纳米NiO粉体。     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of YVO4:Eu cobblestone - like microcrystalline phosphors obtained from the mixed solvent - thermal method

The mixed solvent-thermal method has been developed for the synthesis of YVO₄:Eu³⁺ luminescent materials in the N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF)/ de-ionized water (DIW) solution. The samples have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscope (TEM), UV/vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The results demonstrate that we have obtained the uniform YVO₄:Eu³⁺ cobblestone - like microcrystalline phosphors in the mixed solution of DMF and DIW, which are different to the as-obtained YVO₄:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles in pure DIW. And the as - prepared YVO₄:Eu³⁺ microcrystalline particles are composed of numerous nanoparticles. The assembling phenomenon of the nanoparticles is strongly affected by the pH value of the solution and the volume ratio of DMF/DIW. Under UV excitation, the samples can emit the bright red light. While, the photoluminescence (PL) intensities of YVO₄:Eu³⁺ show some difference for samples obtained under the different reaction conditions. This is because that different microstructures of samples result in different combinative abilities between the surface and the adsorbed species so as to produce the different quenching abilities to the emission from Eu³⁺ ions.     

聚4—甲基戊烯—1对有机液／水混合体系的渗透汽化分离

以结晶性聚合物聚4－甲基戊烯－1（PMP）为膜材质,制备了PMP均质膜,研究了其分子结构与其对二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和1,2－二氯乙烯等氯代烃有机液／水混合体系的渗透汽化（PV）特性间的关系,并进行了理论解释。     

黑色水性笔、中性笔墨迹中溶剂成分的GC分析

各种水性笔、中性笔墨水中,常常加入了能够起到分散、润滑、保湿作用的溶剂成分,如乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、二苷醇、丙三醇等。这些溶剂成分的沸点低,易汽化,可以采用气相色谱法对其进行分离分析。本论文利用气相色谱法,分别对100种不同牌号、不同型号的黑色水性笔、中性笔墨水墨迹中的溶剂成分进行了分析,按所含溶剂成分的不同及主溶剂成分的差异进行了种类的鉴别。     

Photocatalytic degradation of mixed pollutants in aqueous wastewater using mesoporous 2D/2D TiO2(B)-BiOBr heterojunction

There are multiple contaminants in practical wastewater;and the photodegradation of mixed pollutants is a challenge in the field of photocatalysis.Herein,we design a mesoporous 2D/2D TiO2(B)-BiOBr hetero-junction photocatalyst for the photodegradation of mixed pollutants.Such a coupling structure results in an enhancement in the disconnection of photoexcited carriers,and the increase of absorption and reaction sites.The 2D/2D TiO2(B)-BiOBr demonstrates outstanding photocatalytic activity for photode-grading rhodamine B(RhB),methyl orange(MO),tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH),and bisphenol A(BPA)simultaneously under visible light,which is 4.7.1.4,23 and 16.4 times as high as that of original BiOBr,respectively.Our work represents a possible solution to devise promising and efficient photocatalysts for the treatment of practical wastewater in the near future.     

Preparation,optimization, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study of asiatic acid tromethamine salt-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles

Purpose: To enhance the oral bioavailability of asiatic acid tromethamine salt (AAS) by encapsulation in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN).

Methods: The AAS-loaded SLN (AASLN) was prepared by the modified solvent injection method with glycerin monostearate (GMS) as lipid and poloxamer 188 as surfactant. A Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the formulations. Physicochemical characterization was carried out by using dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Stabilities at 4?°C and pH 1.2 were investigated by particle size or/and entrapment efficiency (EE%). The in vivo pharmacokinetics was evaluated by HPLC-MS/MS.

Results: The optimal formulation of AASLN had an average size of 237?nm with zeta potential of ?35.9?mV, and EE% of 64.4%. SEM showed that the AASLN had spherical shape with smooth surface. Furthermore, DSC and X-ray analyses indicated that AAS was amorphous state and the crystal degree of GMS was significantly decreased in the formulation. AASLN showed excellent stability at 4?°C for 1 month and no coacervation at pH 1.2. The bioavailability of AAS in SLN was found to be 2.5-fold higher than that of AAS alone after a single oral administration in rats.

Conclusions: This study reveals that SLN is developed as a promising oral delivery system of AAS with significantly enhanced bioavailability and good storage stability.     

SPE-HPLC-MS/MS检测地表水中的萘啶酸、吡哌酸、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星和加替沙星残留

该实验建立全自动固相萃取-HPLC-MS/MS法检测地表水中的萘啶酸、吡哌酸、培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星和加替沙星残留的分析方法。随机采集地表水样并过滤,将pH调节至中性。将预处理好的地表水样品,以流量为8~10 mL/min的速度过已活化的固相萃取柱,再用10 mL 5%甲醇溶液淋洗、净化,弃去淋洗液,抽干小柱,最后用20 mL甲醇洗脱,收集洗脱液;洗脱液氮吹至近干,用乙腈定容至1 mL,涡旋混合1 min,上HPLC-MS/MS仪定量检测。结果表明吡哌酸、氧氟沙星、培氟沙星、司帕沙星、加替沙星和萘啶酸在质量浓度0.01~8.00μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.995;检出限分别为1.82,1.39,2.41,1.49,1.93,1.12μg/L;方法加标回收率在84.2%~92.2%之间;重复性相对标准偏差(n=6)在5.0%以内。此方法具有处理速度快、检测结果可靠等特点,可以用于地表水等水系统中微量喹诺酮类抗生素残留的监测。     

DEM study on the mixed feeding process of coal and cylindroid biomass particles in a screw feeder

The complex mixed feeding process for the binary mixture of coal and cylindroid biomass particles in a screw feeder was numerically studied by the discrete element method (DEM). The effects of biomass feeding ratio, feeding rate, and screw rotational speed on the feeding performance were investigated with the continuity, uniformity, and stability of the mixed feeding process being emphatically discussed. The results reveal that the stability of real-time mass flow rate and biomass blending ratio performs better at higher biomass feeding ratios. A larger variability of real-time biomass blending ratio is found at low feeding rate, while increasing the feeding rate reduces the stability of real-time mass flow rate and the too high feeding rate would cause some cylindroid biomass particles being hindered by the front wall surface of the hopper. Moreover, increasing the screw rotational speed significantly increases the stability of the mixed feeding process.