台州某医化园区周边挥发性有机物健康风险评价

为研究医化园区产生的挥发性有机物(VOCs)对环境和人群健康的影响,在台州某一典型医化园区周边设置了7个点位,采集了196个样品进行主要污染因子浓度测定,并利用健康风险评价模型对各挥发性有机物进行评价。结果表明,在现状平均浓度水平下,主要的7种污染物质不会对当地人群产生明显的非致癌健康危害;当二氯甲烷浓度达到最大监测浓度值时,其致癌风险值超过可接受水平。     

室内空气中挥发性有机物测定的研究进展

本文对室内空气中挥发性有机物测定的研究进展包括室内空气中挥发性有机物的定义、来源、危害、限量标准、采样方法、分析方法、存在的问题及发展方向等作了较全面的介绍，重点介绍了国内外室内空气中挥发性有机物的分析测试技术，特别是光离子化检测器（PID）及其应用前景。     

污染源废气挥发性有机物在线监测技术探讨

挥发性有机物(Volatile Organic Compounds,下称VOCs)严重威胁着人类的健康,已引起全社会对其排放问题的高度关注.研究结果表明工业固定污染源排放占人为源排放总量的30％～60％,治理工业固定源的VOCs排放迫在眉睫,对工业污染源VOCs排放废气在线监测是治理VOCs排放第一步.本文对现阶段常见...     

挥发性有机物光催化分解技术发展现状及展望

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是形成城市臭氧(O3)、PM2.5的重要前驱体,对环境和人体健康产生巨大的影响,光催化分解技术因其操作简单、无二次污染成为处理挥发性有机气体的有效手段之一.文章介绍了不同原理的挥发性有机物光催化分解技术的应用及发展现状,并在此基础上对挥发性有机物光催化分解技术未来发展趋势进行了展望,以期为不同领...     

果蔬用泡沫箱中挥发性有机物的迁移特性

目的 研究果蔬用聚苯乙烯泡沫箱中挥发性有机物的迁移情况,对食物接触泡沫箱后的安全性进行评估.方法 采集不同来源的泡沫箱,先用乙酸(体积分数为4％)和乙醇(体积分数为10％)对其进行模拟液迁移实验,然后选取迁移量较高的挥发性有机物进行实物迁移实验,检测挥发性有机物的迁移量.结果 模拟液的迁移实验中检出间二甲苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯、苯乙烯、乙苯和1,3-丁二烯均有不同程度的迁移,并且体积分数为10％的乙醇作为迁移液时迁移值较高,苯乙烯在体积分数为10％的乙醇中迁移量最高;实物迁移实验中邻二甲苯在橙子中未检出,苯乙烯在橙子中的迁移量随着温度的升高,贮藏时间越长,迁移量越高.菜心检出了邻二甲苯,并且迁移量同样随着温度和时间的增加而呈现上升趋势,樱桃番茄中未检出挥发性有机物的迁移.结论 泡沫箱中苯乙烯、邻二甲苯在模拟液中的迁移量较高,并且在较高温度、较长时间接触橙子和菜心后可能会大量迁移,对人体健康产生风险.     

浅析土壤中挥发性有机物的检测及难点解决

随着我国土壤污染程度及相关检测技术逐渐创新,挥发性有机物检测技术也逐渐向国际化接轨,提升其检测效率与质量一直备受诸多学者关注.同时,通过近年来大多研究发现,当下我国土壤中挥发性有机物检测依然存在诸多难点有待解决.主要体现在技术形式单一检测精度不准、理论专业知识匮乏导致检测滞后等方面.因此,本次研究将对土壤中挥发性有机物...     

安徽省工业源挥发性有机物现状调查研究

本文利用排放因子模型对2014年安徽省工业源中VOCs的年排放量进行测算。以期对我省工业源VOCs污染防治提供依据和参考。结果表明:2014年安徽省工业源VOCs排放量为37.77万t,其中工艺过程源为20.74万t,占总量的54.91%;溶剂使用源为17.03万t,占总量的45.09%。     

GC-MS法同时测定水中60种挥发性有机物

GC-MS法同时测定水中60种挥发性有机物的方法。方法:采用GC-MS法富集水中的挥发性有机物,解吸后用色谱-质谱联用法测定,选择特征离子定量。结果:能简便、快速、有效地分离检测水中的60种挥发性有机物。方法的相关系数大于0.9978,响应因子的相对标准偏差小于4.28%,样品加标回收率样品在88.7%~112.4%。结论:本法干扰小、分离度好、灵敏度高、结果准确、操作简便,对多种水样适应性好,适合水中60种挥发性有机物的同时检测分析。     

挥发性有机物气体标准物质的研制

讨论了挥发性有机物(VOCs)的分析方法和分析手段,并介绍了研制的VOCs注射重量法气体配气装置.针对目前社会上急需的氮中苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、苯乙烯、正己烷、乙酸丁酯、十一烷等氮中十个组分钢瓶气体标准物质进行了研制,对提高室内外空气质量检测水平起到积极作用.     

挥发性有机物监测技术的研究现状及应用进展

挥发性有机物(VOCs)对生态环境以及人们的健康具有危害,控制VOCs的含量是目前环保工作的重中之重,因此对其进行高效准确的监测十分重要。与其他污染物相比,VOCs具有较高的活性,可以和其他污染物发生反应,还更易挥发,其物理化学性质的复杂性对VOCs的监测方法要求较高。首先对VOCs的定义进行了概述,分析了VOCs的来源及危害,然后从离线和在线两个方向分别对监测方法进行了分析,最后总结了研究现状并得到了VOCs监测技术的发展趋势：研究和开发操作方便、监测范围广、成本低廉的VOCs监测技术。     

Scale-up analysis and development of gliding arc discharge facility for volatile organic compounds decomposition

The influences of inlet gas flow rate and reactor configuration on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) decomposition efficiency in a traditional gliding arc (T-GA) facility are studied based on laboratory experiments and numerical simulation. The ratio of the nozzle diameter and the shortest distance of two electrodes should be maintained in a suitable value range to guarantee the decomposition efficiency, which indicates simply enlarging the nozzle inner diameter is not a proper way to raise the T-GA treatment capacity in a fixed supply voltage condition. A developed gliding arc gas discharge (D-GA) reactor based on a modified gas feed system is proposed: small flow rate air goes through the bottom nozzle to process the GA evolution, and high flow rate contaminated gas goes frontal through the plasma region and decomposes. The performances of D-GA reactor in the decomposition of VOCs with relative high gas flow rate, including decomposition efficiency and specific energy consumption, are better than T-GA reactor. D-GA reactor also avoids the drawbacks of the increases of power system amount and electric power consumption in multi-electrode GA system.     

空气中挥发性有机物的热脱附-气相色谱分析

采用热脱附-气相色谱联用方法分析空气中挥发性有机物总量,对吸附剂、脱附方法、气相色谱柱、柱温、检测器温度等进行了试验研究。结果表明:通过选择Tenax-TA吸附管,以及对气相色谱条件的优化,可使总挥发性有机物的单项检出限大大降低,取得灵敏度高、操作简便、重现性好、准确可靠的效果。     

有机蒸气分离膜的应用

介绍了有机蒸气分离膜的分离原理，并分别介绍了有机蒸气分离膜在石油化工和聚氯乙烯行业中的应用．     

一款休闲鞋的VOC来源途径分析

用整鞋VOC挥发装置对休闲鞋的挥发性有机物(VOC)进行挥发并检测分析,对制鞋工艺过程用到的胶粘剂、处理剂及鞋材用顶空-气质联用法分析VOC成分,判断休闲鞋VOC的主要贡献来源。     

Multipass membrane air-stripping (MAS) for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from surfactant micellar solutions

Air-stripping is one of the most effective technologies for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from surfactant solutions, although the presence of surfactant poses some unique challenges. This study evaluated the effect of a mixed surfactant system on the apparent Henry's law constant of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and the efficiency of PCE removal from surfactant solutions using a lab-scale hollow fiber membrane contactor. Results show that the presence of surfactant significantly reduced the apparent Henry's law constant of PCE, and the reduction was proportional to the total surfactant concentration. PCE removal efficiency by membrane air-stripping (MAS) decreased as the surfactant system transitioned from solubilization to supersolubilization. Besides significantly reducing the apparent volatility of VOCs, the presence of surfactant brings additional mass transfer resistance in air-stripping, which makes it difficult to achieve high levels of contaminant removal, even at very high air/liquid (A/L) ratios. In contrast, multipass/multistage MAS operated at low A/L ratios could achieve near 100% contaminant removal because of less mass transfer limitation during each stripping pass/stage. Experimental results, together with model calculations demonstrate multipass (and multistage) air-stripping as a cost-effective alternative for removing VOCs from surfactant micellar solutions compared to the options of using large air strippers or operating at high A/L ratios.     

Adsorption behaviors of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on porous clay heterostructures (PCH)

Porous clay heterostructures (PCHs) are capable of adsorbing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, PCH was synthesized by modifying bentonite (Bent) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) and dodecylamine (DDA). Adsorption of six volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including acetone, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene by PCH was investigated. It was observed that adsorption capacities of VOCs were strongly dependent on their properties including cross-sectional area, polarizability, enthalpy of vaporization and critical volume by the multiple linear regression (MLR) approach. Furthermore, PCH had higher adsorption affinity for the aliphatic hydrocarbon compound (acetone) than that for aromatic compounds, which could be attributed to the HOMO energy effects of VOCs. Therefore, PCH could be attractive candidate adsorbents for VOC removal.     

Emission characteristics of volatile compounds during sludges drying process

The emission characteristics of volatile compounds (VCs) during municipal sewage sludge (MSS) and paper mill sludge (PMS) drying process were investigated through experiments conducted on a lab-scale tubular drying furnace and a pilot-scale paddle dryer, respectively. The result indicated that five kinds of VCs, i.e. CO(2), NH(3), C(7)H(16) (n-heptane), volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and CH(4) were emitted during the drying process. It was found that the NH(3) and CO(2) were the primary compound released from the MSS drying process. In the case of the PMS, the VFAs and CO(2) were the main compounds released. The temperature and water content of sludge had great effects on the emission rates of NH(3), C(7)H(16), CO(2) and VFAs. The pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of condensate from the paddle dryer were also studied. It showed that pH and COD of condensate from MSS were much higher than that from the PMS, and that the higher COD value of the MSS condensate interrelated to the higher ammonium and sulfur content of it.     

闪蒸-气相色谱应用于鱼腥草挥发性组分研究

本文用一种新的分析方法闪蒸-气相色谱（FE—GC）来研究中药鱼腥草的挥发性组分，用质谱鉴定了其挥发性物质的化学组成，并和传统的水蒸气蒸馏法进行了对比。结果表明：该方法简单、快速、可靠，样品粉末可直接用于分析，不需要复杂费时的前处理过程，且样品需要量少。这对鱼腥草化学成分整体性研究和有效成分提取方法的开发具有非常重要的意义。     

有机物优先透过的渗透汽化分离膜

介绍了有机物优先透过的渗透汽化膜现阶段研究进展及其应用前景，对目前主要采用的膜材料，研究的分离体系以及操作参数对膜性能的影响作了较详细的评述 。