一款休闲鞋的VOC来源途径分析

用整鞋VOC挥发装置对休闲鞋的挥发性有机物(VOC)进行挥发并检测分析,对制鞋工艺过程用到的胶粘剂、处理剂及鞋材用顶空-气质联用法分析VOC成分,判断休闲鞋VOC的主要贡献来源。     

制造工艺对汽车内饰非金属零部件VOC性能提升研究

近年来,汽车内饰件的挥发性有机物污染受到了广泛关注,对内饰非金属零部件的生产过程管控提出了更高要求。本文从原材料、注塑工艺、特殊工艺及仓储等方面进行了研究,来实现对非金属零部件整个生产过程和生产工艺的全方位管控,最大限度地降低VOC挥发量,实现对整车VOC性能的改善。     

汽车内饰材料中挥发性有机物检测方法研究

随着社会经济的快速发展,汽车已成为人们生活的重要组成部分,汽车内空气质量直接关系到人们的身体健康,而影响车内空气质量的因素主要是汽车内饰材料中有害气体的挥发。本文针对常见的高风险的VOC不同检测技术方法进行了研究和综合评价,希望能对国家制定汽车内饰材料中VOC检测的标准提供建设性的意见。     

怎样减少丝网印刷中的VOC和HAP排量

我们在丝网印刷中使用的油墨和清洁剂中都含有一定 量的化学物质,如果处理不当的话,这些化学物质极易产 生挥发性有机化合物(VOC)或有害空气污染物(HAP)。 VOC是由各种印刷材料中的化学物质挥发到空气中形成 的,并且这些化学物质还会与光线发生反应形成化学烟雾。     

办公建筑中木制品材料散发VOC的研究

现代办公建筑中的房间内大都使用木地板进行装修并配有办公桌等木制品家具,这些材料在使用中长期散发低浓度挥发性有机物（VOC）,从而影响室内空气质量。用三维紊流数值模拟的方法,对有VOC散发源房间采用不同的送风方式下的室内VOC浓度分布情况进行了分析。结果发现,不同的通风方案造成的VOC浓度分布是不一样的。推荐较好的通风方案,可供设计人员参考。     

运动鞋热阻测试方法的研究

运动鞋穿着舒适性是影响消费者选购的重要因素,而散热能力则是影响运动鞋穿着舒适性的重要指标。热阻反映运动鞋散热能力,热阻越大,运动鞋散热能力越差。本文主要对运动鞋热阻的测试方法进行探讨,以期为提高运动鞋散热性能检测工作提供参考。     

环境及能源材料

山东青岛颐中集团凯瑞公司瞄准“有助环境、有利民生”的环保化工领域,在国内率先采用国际生态专利技术,陆续开发出具有世界先进水平的颐中生态漆。现在普遍使用的溶剂型合成油漆中的VOC已经被医学界认定为装修中的隐性杀手。VOC亦即合成油漆中可挥发的、和人体接触或吸入后可导致疾病的溶剂。每年北京地区室内VOC污染导致10万人慢性中毒。这种被称为第四代油漆的环保生态漆不含甲醛和铅、镉、铬等重金属残留污染物,经在欧洲和北美各地多年使用证明,无毒无味,对人体无任     

运动鞋用的聚氨酯材料

运动鞋用的聚氨酯材料近年来，许多运动鞋制作商采用了新的材料和新的制作技术，从耐克鞋在七十年代后期推出空气囊技术以来，运动鞋的制作已越来越科学化。美国运动鞋市场的情况是：健身鞋占４２．１％，慢跑鞋２２．７％，网球鞋１６．６％，兰球鞋５％，高尔夫鞋２．９...     

VOC废气治理工程技术方案分析

挥发性有机废气(VOC)对人们的生活环境带来十分恶劣的影响,严重威胁到人们的身体健康,因此对VOC废气采取有效的治理技术方案显得尤为重要。该文首先分析了VOC废气的危害,然后探讨了VOC废气治理的技术方案,最后结合实际案例探讨VOC废气治理技术方案的应用,希望以此能够有效促进VOC废气的治理。     

汽车内饰零部件及材料VOC检测过程质量控制

近年来,汽车内饰挥发性有机物污染受到了广泛关注,本文根据国内外汽车内饰VOC的检测方法,着重对内饰零部件及材料VOC检测的实施过程进行了介绍,包括采样袋法、热解析法和甲醛挥发法,为国内制定汽车内饰零部件及材料VOC检测方法,以及各检测机构对VOC检测过程的质量控制提供了参考。     

Volatile organic compounds at an urban monitoring station in Korea

Measurements of 56 volatile organic compounds (VOC) were undertaken at a monitoring site in Seoul, Korea in 2004. The VOC pollution at the site was evaluated for both functional groups and individual compounds. The highest concentrations for the functional groups were recorded by aromatic (AR: 430ppbC) followed by paraffin (PR), olefin (OF), and alkyne (AK). The mean concentrations of individual VOCs ranged from 0.05ppb (1-hexene) to 39.8ppb (toluene). For the VOC groups, there were peak concentrations during winter (AK and OF) and summer (AR). Although most aromatic VOCs generally peaked during summer, this was not true for benzene (e.g., winter peak). The distribution of VOCs at the study site was characterized by significantly enhanced concentrations of toluene and aromatic VOCs from local industrial and mobile sources. Despite excursions that were occasionally observed from aromatic groups or benzene, strong correlations occurred frequently between different groups and between individual components. The overall results of this study suggest that anthropogenic emissions have contributed greatly to increases in VOC pollution at the study site.     

膜法分离有机蒸气/氮气混合气的过程研究

有机蒸气（ＶＯＣ）／氮气混合气膜法分离过程是气体分离应用的又一分支,文章首先从理论上证明膜法分离有机蒸气／氮气混合气的可行性;再用结果证明了该过程的可行性,同时考察操作条件对脱除率的影响,实践证明：膜法分离有机蒸气过程操作简单、运行稳定,在石油化工行业具很广阔的发展前景。     

3D打印技术下的运动鞋设计发展趋势

目的 对3D打印运动鞋的发展历程及设计趋势进行研究。方法 通过文献调查,以目前为止生产销售的3D打印运动鞋统计数据为基础,对数据以及典型案例进行分析。结论 与传统运动鞋相比,3D打印运动鞋在定制化程度、设计自由度等多方面具有优势,但在成本与售价、普及程度、行业标准、商业化进程等方面尚存在明显不足。经过数年发展,3D打印运动鞋形成以SLS和FDM技术为主导的技术体系以及两大类设计模式,现阶段在设计上主要面临的问题包括：3D打印技术发展的制约、设计模式转变时的矛盾、行业标准不完善、大批量生产时高成本与低速度以及消费者接受度低等。随着3D打印技术的日臻完善,未来在与运动大数据高度结合的基础上,可向全鞋打印、个性化定制以及关注特殊群体的方向重点发展。     

Characterisation of VOCs emitted by open cells receiving municipal solid waste

This study gives relevant information on the variation of concentrations of certain volatile organic compounds (BTEX, alkanes, organochlorides and terpenes) emitted by open cells receiving municipal solid waste. These compounds represent a large fraction of the total trace components present in landfill gas. The VOC measurements were carried out in the atmosphere of an open landfill cell as a function of time and meteorological parameters, but also as a function of the activity of trucks unloading waste and compaction vehicles, in order to identify the factors that influence VOC emissions. Comparisons were performed systematically between the surface of the open cell and the corresponding mechanical activity. The measurements carried out during the course of the day highlighted the influence of air temperature and waste composition on VOC emissions while measurements of activity showed that the activity of fresh waste compaction vehicles is responsible for the highest VOC emissions. Such information is essential since most of the data in the literature relate to analyses of VOC traces in the biogas network and not in the air of the open cells as a function of different parameters (i.e. meteorological parameters, activity on the site). The highest VOC concentrations (in microg/m3) in the area of an open cell were obtained for: tetrachloroethylene (9810), toluene (8230), limonene (4550), m-xylene (3980) and trichloroethylene (3680). The results showed that the TWA values (the time-weighted average concentrations for up to an 8-h workday) established by INRS/France for the personnel in the station were complied with on the site studied.     

Pilot VOC emissions mitigation by catalytic oxidation over commercial noble metal catalysts for cleaner production

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a widely used method for VOC emissions mitigation essential for the long-term...     

CFD-based modeling and design for energy-efficient VOC emission reduction in surface coating systems

Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) are among the most hazardous substances generated in surface coating operations. Hence, VOC emission must be strictly controlled. In this paper, we introduce a CFD-based system modeling and analysis approach to investigate VOC emission mechanisms and to identify the key design and operation parameters of a general surface coating application system for energy-efficient emission reduction. A case study on paint spray in different design environments demonstrates the efficacy of the introduced modeling and analysis approach. It shows that a redesign of the ventilation system of a spray booth and an adjustment of the operational parameter can reduce VOC emission to the level below the threshold limit value; meanwhile, the energy efficiency can be improved significantly. The introduced modeling and analysis technique for energy-efficient VOC reduction is applicable to various industrial practices.     

VOC emission reduction and energy efficiency in the flexible packaging printing processes: analysis and implementation

Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions into the atmosphere are among the primary environmental problems caused by flexible packaging printing plants. Since 1999, VOC emissions from the use of solvents in various technological processes have been limited by the volatile organic compounds solvents emissions directive, and by directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions since 2010. Thus, flexible packaging plants require processing technologies or other solutions to ensure compliance with these requirements. In this paper, combined VOC pollution prevention and treatment alternatives were suggested and were evaluated for their technical, environmental, and economic feasibility. A flexible plastic packaging company that produces over 1920 t/year of plastic packaging for the food industry was selected for detailed analysis. The material and energy flow analysis shows that VOC emissions from the main technological processes reached 112.2 kg/t of production, and a considerable amount of energy (up to 771.6 kWh/t of production) was used. Three integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) alternatives of the five analysed in this study were selected and implemented within the company to reduce its VOC emissions and energy consumption. The results indicate that after the implementation of the three suggested economically reasonable IPPC alternatives (replacement of solvent-based with water-based inks; modernisation of the ventilation and lighting system), the VOC emissions decreased to 8.4 kg/t (92.5%) and the total energy consumption for the production of 1 t of flexible packaging decreased to 605.6 kWh/t (21.5%). This study shows that IPPC methods not only significantly reduces VOC emissions from flexible packaging printing processes, but also saves energy and raw materials, and reduces costs.     

Effective abatement of VOC and CO from acrylic acid and related production waste gas by catalytic oxidation

Waste gasses containing volatile organic compounds (VOC) are arising mainly form industrial production in which organic materials are processed. These VOC must be treated to levels so that they meet the local applicable legislation limits. Momentive specialty chemicals is a company which produces acrylic acid, acrylic acid esters, and acrylate polymers in Sokolov (Czech Republic). A mixed waste stream which contains 6,000–10,000 mg TOC/Nm³ of VOC is treated. The management would like to lower the operating costs of the thermal incineration unit used. It seems suitable in this case to replace the existing incinerator with a catalytic oxidation unit with use of a Pt–Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst for VOC abatement. A full-scale unit was designed according to the waste gas composition and flow. Mass and energy balances were carried out, and it was discovered that the catalytic bed must be divided into two parts to prevent the reactor overheating and irreversible damage to the catalyst. A pilot plant was designed and implemented due to the potential threat of catalyst fouling by solid impurities and to confirm the expected conversion of VOC and CO. It also proves the long-term reliability of the catalytic reactor. The performed pilot tests confirmed that catalytic oxidation is suitable for the disposal of waste gas from acrylic acid and acrylates production (for this application and treated inlet concentration of VOC). VOC and CO removal efficiencies during pilot trials were 98.3 and 98.5 %, respectively.     

Fast electrical response to volatile organic compounds of 2D Au nanoparticle layers embedded into polymers

The conductivity of polymer–metal nanocomposites close to the percolation threshold is very sensitive to changes in the metal nanoparticle distances. Here the technical feasibility of a novel type of easy to prepare polymer–metal nanocomposite sensor is explored, which shall be able to detect a unique signal for various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exhibiting a fast and reversible response. The composite consists of a nearly 2-dimensional Au nanoparticle layer near the percolation threshold thermally embedded into a thermoplastic polymer film. The sensoric response is based on the swelling behavior of the polymeric matrix upon exposure to the organic vapor molecules. Different from conventional nanocomposite sensors that require long-range diffusion of the volatile compound into the bulk of the matrix, the electrical response here only requires the penetration of the VOC a few nanometer below the surface thus causing a rapid detection. The degree of swelling depends on the type of polymer and VOC used as well as on the vapor pressure of the VOC leading to a characteristic response of each polymer to a specific VOC. This enables a “fingerprint” detection of different VOCs by an array of different polymer nanocomposite combined into one sensoric device.     

水性聚氨酯涂料研究进展

综述了聚氨酯水分散体涂料和水性双组分聚氨酯涂料的合成，性能，应用，改性研究新进展。讨论了副反应对双组分水性聚氨酯涂料的涂膜形成，活化期及涂膜外观等的影响。指出了水性聚氨酯涂料的发展趋势。