基于大地形管理的水下机器人视景仿真系统

研究水下机器人视景系统优化设计,针对水下机器人的航行环境具有不可接近性和未知性的特点,为创建水下海洋生物和可观世界环境,利用虚拟的计算机仿真环境作为水下机器人初期调试的“平台”具有十分重要的意义.建立了基于大地形管理的水下机器人视景仿真系统.有关大地模型建立、场景效果等,利用函数变量方法自定义机器人运动引擎,采用粒子系统仿真了机器人尾流流场和低噪音的实现.依托软件平台MultiGen Creator和Vega,利用Vega与Visual C++混合编程实现LADBM模块的大地形管理,进行仿真验证.仿真结果表明,视景仿真系统逼真地再现了水下机器人在大范围区域探测目标及自主航行的过程,有效地解决了水下机器人长距离自主航行视景仿真中的大地形管理问题.     

基于Java 3D的空间机器人运动仿真系统

重点阐述了空间机器人仿真系统的体系结构、空间机器人运动分析与仿真建模、机器人避碰原则、空间机器人碰撞检测与避碰的实现、空间机器人仿真系统基于Java 3D的实现.     

机器人焊装工位的可视化仿真研究

由于机器人焊装工位仿真对象复杂以及传统仿真方法难以建立其准确的仿真模型,本文提出了基于EM-Engineer仿真平台的机器人焊装工位可视化仿真系统.研究了仿真建模、焊接工序规划和机器人运动轨迹规划等关键技术.最后利用该系统实现了某车型总成线机器人工位的可视化仿真.通过可视化仿真实现了该工位的内容规划和生产过程仿真,并依据仿真结果得到了优化方案.     

基于Player/Stage仿真机器人的绘图系统实现

本文在Player/Stage仿真平台上仿真了在无线传感网络环境下的进行环境位置信息采集的机器人.利用Java客户端与仿真机器人进行Socket连接,实现了C/S工作模式的绘图系统.机器人可以传回采集的环境现场位置坐标数据,客户端实时处理这些位置坐标数据并绘制机器人工作环境的结构地图.本绘图系统的实现有助于多机器人系统利用这些信息行进行机器人的壁障与编队.     

多机器人半实物仿真系统的研究与实现

利用仿真来研究、分析和检验多机器人性能及控制软件功能具有非常重要的意义.为了验证多机器人,利用OpenGL开展了多机器人半实物仿真系统的研究.系统既可以在虚拟环境中验证机器人的各种性能,又能实现虚拟节点与实体机器人之间的通讯和交互,使仿真平台更加接近实物验证平台.详细阐述了多机器人半实物仿真系统的硬件和软件体系结构,并对虚拟仿真中的三维空间坐标转换、避障和自组网路径选择算法等仿真设计进行研究并得到了实现.最后通过避碰仿真和路径优选仿真试验证明了所设计的多机器人半实物仿真系统对实际机器人群研制具有重要的参考价值.     

基于胸腺肽调节机制的多机器人免疫任务分配

针对多机器人系统协作中的任务分配问题,提出一种基于胸腺肽的免疫任务分配算法(TPITAA).借鉴独特型免疫网络假设,将机器人作为B细胞,机器人行为作为抗体,机器人任务作为抗原,通过抗原与抗体间的激励和抑制机理构建免疫分配模型.为进一步提高分配效率,根据胸腺肽的免疫调节机理,定义基于机器人运动方向的胸腺肽反馈函数,实现免疫分配中的抗体激励水平及浓度自调节.仿真实验表明,新算法能实现任务的自动分配,减少任务完成时间,提高系统执行效率,较好地解决多机器人系统中的协作搬运问题.     

空间机器人操作任务可视化仿真研究

利用先进的可视化软件仿真空间机器人的复杂任务过程是进行空问机器人研究的重要途径.围绕空间机器人操作任务的可视化仿真,在分析空间机器人任务过程基础上,采用层次建模思想构建空间机器人几何模型.基于几何模型库的树状层次结构,以配置文件和动态链接库相结合的方式实现空间机器人特征功能,并通过动态数据分发管理、区域过滤、多频采样插值等方法实现仿真系统的数据交互与处理.最后利用Orbiter软件的OrbiterAPI进行二次开发,实现了空间机器人任务过程的可视化仿真,真实度高,仿真效果好.研究成果可扩展应用到其它新型航天器系统的可视化仿真.     

一个机器人仿真系统

本文介绍了作者在IBM-PC微机上实现的一个机器人仿真系统.该系统能显示机器人及其环境的三维图形,对机器人的运动学问题进行仿真。系统以交互方式工作,有较强的图形编辑功能和仿真功能.     

基于MBD的教育机器人运动仿真平台研究

针对目前教育机器人缺少仿真平台的问题,建立了一个基于多体系统动力学的教育机器人三维运动仿真平台.对教育机器人仿真平台所涉及的关键技术进行研究.根据教育机器人特点和运动仿真需求,提出教育机器人动态仿真平台的框架结构.在给出教育机器人拼接件几何模型和物理属性统一表达方法的基础上,基于多刚体系统动力学理论,建立教育机器人离散动力学模型和碰撞接触响应模型,并提出了相应的仿真方法,模拟教育机器人的物理行为.对教育机器人控制器、传感器及执行器进行仿真,构建了教育机器人虚拟控制系统,实现虚拟教育机器人的控制.最后,实际应用表明,仿真平台能够较好地满足教育机器人运动仿真的需要.     

模糊控制在机器人超声避障系统的应用

本文介绍模糊控制技术与智能轮椅机器人超声波避障技术相结合的应用.本系统使用超声波的探测距离作为输入信号,经模糊控制技术处理后,输出机器人左右轮的转动速度来实现超声波避障.在MATLAB环境下开发模糊控制器并仿真出模糊控制策略.在智能轮椅机器人超声避障系统中得到成功应用.     

码垛机器人运动学分析及仿真研究

针对当前码垛机器人实际运动规划难度较大的问题,以某真实生产线上六自由度码垛机器人为研究对象,采用D-H法建立机械臂数学模型,对机械臂的正运动学、逆运动学进行分析,确定码垛机器人的工作空间。使用Robot Studio软件对末端机械爪、托盘、物料、传送链等进行建模,完成虚拟场景空间布局,通过编程实现码垛机器人的运动仿真。经综合调试,系统工作稳定、可靠,对现阶段码垛机器人的设计与仿真有一定借鉴意义。     

Autonomous navigation system using Event Driven-Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

This study developed an autonomous navigation system using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM). Fuzzy Cognitive Map is a tool that can model qualitative knowledge in a structured way through concepts and causal relationships. Its mathematical representation is based on graph theory. A new variant of FCM, named Event Driven-Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (ED-FCM), is proposed to model decision tasks and/or make inferences in autonomous navigation. The FCM??s arcs are updated from the occurrence of special events as dynamic obstacle detection. As a result, the developed model is able to represent the robot??s dynamic behavior in presence of environment changes. This model skill is achieved by adapting the FCM relationships among concepts. A reinforcement learning algorithm is also used to finely adjust the robot behavior. Some simulation results are discussed highlighting the ability of the autonomous robot to navigate among obstacles (navigation at unknown environment). A fuzzy based navigation system is used as a reference to evaluate the proposed autonomous navigation system performance.     

Design and Modeling of a Snake Robot Based on Worm-Like Locomotion

In this paper we restrict our attention to worm-like, vertical traveling wave locomotion and present detailed kinematics and dynamics of a planar multi-link snake robot. Lagrange's method is used to obtain the robot dynamics. Webots software is used for simulation and to experimentally investigate the effects of link shape on motor torques. Using the dynamics model and Webots simulation, a nine-link snake robot is designed and constructed. Physical experiments are carried out to validate the mathematical model. Webots software is also used to perform simulation and further validate theoretical results. Finally, stability of the snake robot is experimentally investigated.     

Prediction of in-process frequency response function and chatter stability considering pose and feedrate in robotic milling

Chatter occurs easily during robotic milling owing to the low structural stiffness of industrial robots and can degrade the machining quality or even cause robot failure. The accurate frequency response function (FRF) of the robot is essential for predicting chatter stability and selecting the appropriate process parameters. However, the FRF of a robot is affected by multiple factors, such as pose, operating state, and external excitation. In this study, an in-process FRF prediction method considering robot pose and feedrate was developed and used to predict chatter stability. Firstly, the static FRFs were obtained from the experimental modal analysis for different robot poses and used to train a Gaussian process regression (GPR) model. Subsequently, the static FRF predicted using GPR and the modal parameters identified by operational modal analysis (OMA) were used to calculate the in-process FRFs of the robot in the operation state. After removing the harmonic components of the vibration signals using a matrix notch filter, OMA was conducted using the least-squares complex frequency. Furthermore, the FRF of the robot was transformed from the robot flange coordinate system into the engagement coordinate system using the kinematics model and the tool path. The dynamic milling model, considering tool and robot modes was used for predicting stability. Finally, the proposed method was demonstrated by time-domain simulation of the robot-tool system and milling tests, and the effects of the running state and feed direction on chatter stability considering robot mode were analyzed.     

Kinematic modelling and emulation of robot for traversing over the pipeline in the refinery

Robotics always used to have an extraordinary contribution into multiple parts of operations in process industries, the one presently discussed in this research paper deals with the mathematical analysis and real-time replication model of out pipe crawler robot used for thickness measurement in refineries. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and emulate the movement of the robot in a 2-dimensional plane over a black track motif as a pipeline line which infers the effect of the real-time simulation prototype model. Robotic manipulators are more complex than its successors but there is a complete analysis of the kinematics of differential drive robot. The workspace of a wheel based mobile robot is not only limited to the position of end effector but it is a range of all possible positions that the robot makes while moving over or on the path. The analysis presented in this paper is very useful in developing a mathematical model and crafting a prototype of wheelbase mobile robot to traverse over an uneven surface of ferromagnetic pipelines with the help of an array of IR sensors used for estimation of the thickness of pipes.

     

蒸汽发生器检修机械臂监控软件设计

为实现对蒸汽发生器检修机械臂的远程控制和操作模拟与训练,设计了一套上位机监控软件.在VC 平台下,利用OpenGL和3DMAX建立了机械臂、蒸汽发生器水室和检修工具模型;设计了监控软件与六个关节控制器CAN通讯算法,实现了六个关节的协调控制;设计了轨迹规划算法和避碰监测算法,实现了机械臂的无碰撞运动;设计了机械臂单关节的重力矩补偿,提高了关节的控制精度.实际工作验证了监控软件的有效性,利用软件可实现对机械臂的远程控制,完成蒸汽发生器的检修任务.并可用于对操作人员的模拟训练.     

Robot trajectory planning using simulation

This paper presents a near-optimal trajectory-planning method for industrial robot manipulators. Trajectory planning is discussed considering robot dynamics, singular configurations and collision-free constraints. The problem is formulated as a non-linear mathematical programming model. Owing to the highly non-linear and non-convex constraints involved, a robust simulation-based method is introduced to solve this optimization problem heuristically. This simulation method was tested on a CRS-PLUS robot with a sphere obstacle in three-dimensional work space. Numerical analysis and computational results are presented.     

基于反步法的移动机器人鲁棒跟踪控制

以四轮移动机器人为研究对象,建立了机器人完整的数学模型,包括运动学模型、动力学模型以及驱动电机模型。在机器人数学模型的基础上,采用反步法的思想设计具有全局收敛特性的鲁棒轨迹跟踪控制器,设计中考虑了驱动电机模型使控制器更符合实际控制要求,并将其分解为运动学控制器、动力学控制器以及电机控制器三部分,降低了控制器设计的难度。构造了系统的李雅普诺夫函数,证明了该类型移动机器人在所得控制器作用下,能实现对给定轨迹的全局渐近追踪。仿真实验结果表明基于反步法的控制器是有效的。     

基于Vega的双臂空间机器人飞行及捕捉目标的轨迹规划仿真

提出了一种利用Vega来实现双臂空间机器人飞行及捕捉目标的轨迹规划仿真系统．简要介绍了仿真系统的开发环境及其实现方法．该仿真系统在SGI工作站上, 利用Multigen Creator 建模工具和三维视景仿真软件Vega来实现空间机器人本体及被捕捉目标的建模和仿真, 能为机器人的轨迹规划、运动学分析和运动控制的算法设计提供重要信息, 并能对其理论和算法的可行性加以验证．     

Development of an Intelligent Wheelchair Using Computer Graphics Animation and Simulation

A new robot simulator JC-1 is used as a control software development tool in a project in progress where an intelligent wheelchair for a blind user is being developed. The intelligent wheelchair is planned to be able to fulfill simple symbolic commands like "follow wall" or "follow object" and using the JC-1 simulator an evaluation team which includes e.g. the user, a rehabilitation engineer and a software engineer, can check control algorithms and user interface routines before constructing a real wheelchair prototype. The JC-1 simulator models the environment using simplified boundary- representation where objects, robot sensors and actuators are presented as symbolic objects in the graphics data-base of the simulator. In the JC-1 simulator a robot controller under development controls the motion of the graphical model of the robot while simulator commands or other robot controllers can be used to control the movement of disturbing obstacles. Computer graphics animation and simulation help to find fundamental design errors at an early design stage and as this paper suggests, enable the user of the final product to take part in to the designing process of the robot controller. Benefits and difficulties of using computer graphics simulation in the wheelchair development process are discussed.