掺杂SnO2透明导电薄膜电学及光学性能研究

通过实验测量 ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ工艺制备的 Ｓｂ掺杂 ＳｎＯ２薄膜载流子浓度、迁移率、电阻率、膜厚,紫外－可见光区透射率、反射率等性质,详细研究了Ｓｂ掺杂ＳｎＯ_２薄膜电学与光学性能．实验发现,薄膜具有良好的透光性和较高导电性,膜内载流子浓度高达１０^２０ｃｍ^－３,电阻率～１０^－２Ω·ｃｍ,透光率高达 ９０％,ＳｎＯ_２膜禁带宽度 Ｅ_ｇ≈３７～３．８０ｅＶ．     

离子束增强沉积工艺参数对Cr-N膜层组织结构的影响

利用离子束增强沉积技术, 在 Ｓｉ （１１１） 和 Ｇ Ｃｒ１５ 轴承钢基体上沉积 Ｃｒ Ｎ 镀层研究氮分压、 Ｎ^＋ ＋ Ｎ^＋_２ 离子轰击能量和 Ｎｉｏｎｓ Ｃｒ ａｔｏｍｓ 到达比对镀层组织结构的影响结果表明, Ｃｒ- Ｎ 镀层组织对氮分压敏感, 随着氮分压的增加, 镀层中 Ｃｒ Ｎ 组份增加, 金属 Ｃｒ 及 Ｃｒ_２ Ｎ 组份减少; 随着氮离子轰击能量的增加, Ｃｒ- Ｎ 镀层中 Ｃｒ Ｎ （２００） 择优生长; 但当 Ｎ ｉｏｎｓ/Ｃｒ ａｔｏｍｓ 比从１４５ ×１０ ^{－ ２} 增至５.８７ ×１０ ^{－ ２} 时, 镀层中 Ｃｒ Ｎ 组份非但没有增多, 反而使镀层中的 Ｃｒ 以 Ｃｒ_２ Ｏ_３ 形态存在.     

非晶金刚石薄膜的拉曼光谱研究

碳离子的能量是影响非晶金刚石薄膜结构和性质最关键的工艺参数．采用磁过滤真空溅射离子技术,研究不同衬底偏压Ｖ_ｂ（即不同碳离子能量）下制备的非晶金刚石薄膜的拉曼光谱和表面形貌．结果表明：－５０Ｖ≤Ｖ_ｂ≤－１０Ｖ时,样品表面均匀、光滑,拉曼谱是对称且很宽的散射带;Ｖ_ｂ＞－１０Ｖ或Ｖ_ｂ＜－５０Ｖ时,已有晶团出现,表面粗糙度明显增加,拉曼谱明显地分裂为１５８０ｃｍ^－１的Ｇ带和１３５０ｃｍ^－１的Ｄ带．     

SiC/Fe-Cr合金界面反应的研究

使用ＸＲＤ、ＥＭＰＡ和 ＳＥＭ等对 ９００～１１５０℃高温处理后的ＳｉＣ／Ｆｅ－２０Ｃｒ合金界面反应区的显微结构和反应动力学进行了研究．界面反应区分为ＳｉＣ反应区和金属反应区两部分：ＳｉＣ反应区由组成为Ｆｅ_３Ｓｉ、Ｃｒ_３Ｓｉ和Ｃｒ_７Ｃ_３的白亮基体和其间随机分布的细小石墨颗粒构成;金后反应区则是一个由（Ｃｒ;Ｆｅ）_７Ｃ_３构成的均匀组织。ＳｉＣ／Ｆｅ－２０Ｃｒ合金界面反应为扩散控制,反应动力学方程为 Ｋ＝１．９×１０^－４ｅｘｐ（(－２３５×１０^３)／ＲＴ）ｍ^２·ｓ^－１．金属反应区介于ＳｉＣ反应区和合金之间,阻挡合金中的Ｆｅ原子通过它向ＳｉＣ反应区中扩散,抑制界面反应,这种作用随合金中Ｃｒ含量的增加而加强．     

LiNiO2热分解反应动力学研究

用ＤＴＡ和ＸＲＤ研究了ＬｉＮｉＯ_２在空气中的热分解过程为：ＬｉＮｉＯ_２（ｓ）→(６５０～７２０℃)Ｌｉ_２Ｎｉ_８Ｏ_{１０（ｓ）}＋４Ｌｉ_２Ｏ_（ｓ）＋Ｏ_２（ｇ）→(８５０～９５０℃)Ｌｉ_２Ｏ_（ｓ）＋８ＮｉＯ_（ｓ）＋１／２Ｏ_２（ｇ） →(１０００～１１５０℃)ＮｉＯ（ｓ）＋Ｌｉ_２Ｏ_（ｇ）用 Ｄｏｙｌｅ－Ｏｚａｗａ法和 Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ法计算了各反应阶段的表观活化能分别为 ７４７．１８±１．０ ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ^－１、９３２．４６±１．０ ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ^－１和 １１２６．９７±１．０ ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ^－１．用 Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ法确定了反应级数和频率因子,确定了三个阶段的动力学方程分别为 ｄα／ｄt＝１．７３６ｘ１０３９ｅ^{－９００００／Ｔ}（１－α）^{１．０５７}; ｄα／ｄｔ＝１８０６×１０^３９ｅ^{－１１１５００／Ｔ}（１－α）^{０．８４４};ｄα／ｄｔ＝４．２６２×１０４２ｅ^{－１３５０００／Ｔ}（１－α）^{１．２７５}     

Li2MnO3的柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法合成及离子导电性

以Ｌｉ_２ＣＯ_３、ＭｎＣＯ_３为原料,用柠檬酸盐溶胶凝胶法合成了Ｌｉ_２ＭｎＯ_３超微粉．对合成的材料进行了ＤＴＡ、ＴＧ、ＸＲＤ和ＴＥＭ等表征,并应用交流阻抗谱技术测定了样品的电导率．结果表明,６５０。Ｃ以上生成Ｌｉ_２ＭｎＯ_３纯相超微粉,粒径在５０nｍ以下．在１８～４００℃温度范围内,产物烧结体的离子导电率为１０^－６～１０^－３Ｓ·ｃｍ^－１,其电导活化能为４４．８７ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ^－１．     

共沉淀法制备掺杂氧化锌压敏陶瓷粉料热力学分析

本文通过对Ｍｅ^ｎ＋（Ｚｎ^２＋;Ｃｒ_３^＋,Ｍｎ^２＋;Ｓｂ^３＋,Ｂｉ^３＋,Ｃｏ^２＋）－ＮＨ_３－ＣＯ_３^２－－Ｈ_２Ｏ体系进行热力学分析的基础上,获得了Ｍｅ－ＮＨ_３－ＣＯ_３^２－Ｈ_２Ｏ体系中的ｌｇ［Ｍ］_T－ｐＨ关系图,得到了用ＮＨ_４ＨＣＯ_３和ＮＨ_３·Ｈ_２Ｏ作沉淀剂,用共沉淀法制备掺杂氧化锌压敏陶瓷粉料时,最佳共沉淀ｐＨ为７．０左右．     

PbBr2-PbCl2-PbF2-PbO-P2O5系统玻璃的热性质和化学稳定性

重点研究了ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＣｌ_２－ＰｂＦ_２－ＰｂＯ－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统玻璃的热性质、耐水性和抗潮解性．结果表明：该系统玻璃的热膨胀系数较大,一般在 ２５×１０^－６°Ｃ^－１左右． ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＣｌ_２－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统的玻璃具有较低的玻璃转变温度,可低达 １４６℃．加入 ＰｂF_２和／或 ＰｂＯ可显著提高玻璃的转变温度和密度,其中 ＰｂＯ对试样的影响更为显著． ＰｂＢｒ_２－ＰｂＣｌ_２－ＰｂＦ_２－ＰｂＯ－Ｐ_２Ｏ_５系统玻璃的抗潮解性一般较好。多数玻璃在水中的溶解速率可达１０^－５ｍｍ／ｄａｙ,具有较好的耐水性．     

纳米相铁红粒子的液相制备

由０．２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ^－１Ｆｅ^３＋采用微波诱导加热制备了纳米尺寸的准立方形和纺锤形α－Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３粒子,与常规加热方式比较微波加热制得的α－Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３粒子粒径小且分布均匀,实验证明无机离子加 Ｈ^＋、ＯＨ^－和 Ｎａ^＋等的加入可明显加速反应速率．     

复合添加(Ca,Mg)-α-Sialon的晶胞参数研究

利用高分辨率的Ｇｕｉｎｉｅｒ－Ｈａｇｇ相机和计算机控制的底片扫描及数据处理程序系统,测定了复合添加,组份为（Ｃａ_０．５Ｍｇ_０．５）_xＳｉ_{１２－３ｘ}Al_3xＯ_ｘＮ１_６－ｘ（ｘ＝０．３、０．６、１．０和１．４）的α－Ｓｏａｌｏｎ的晶胞参数．材料由热压工艺制备而得．研究结果表明,当ｘ≥１．０时,材料的主晶相为α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ和含Ｍｇ的ＡlＮ多型体．（Ｃａ,Ｍｇ）－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ的晶胞参数明显低于相同组份下的Ｃａ－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ的晶胞参数·ＥＤＡＸ的结果进一步给出固溶进入α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ的包括名义组份中９０％的Ｃａ^＋＋和少量的Ｍｇ^＋＋,而大部分Ｍｇ^＋＋进入ＡlＮ多型体,这一结果为净化α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ陶瓷的晶界提供了新的有效途径．     

动态结合强度试验机的研制及应用

介绍了滚动接触疲劳法测定硬质薄膜膜基界面疲劳强度的方法，以及动态结合强度试验机的原理、结构及其应用。试验结果表明，用该试验机测得的膜基界面疲劳强度能定量地反映膜基界面之间的结合强度，且该方法对膜的成分和基体表面状态等界面因素敏感，而对基体硬度和膜层厚度等非界面因素不敏感。     

Influence on Rolling Contact Fatigue Life of GCr15 Steel Treated by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation

Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII) has been proved to be a useful technique for surface modification of components with sophisticated shape. Based on the results of conventional three-ball-on-rod testing, the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life of GCr15 steel treated by PIII technique was studied. During the study, nitrogen plasma was generated and the implantation voltage was varied from 20 to 40 kV. The fatigue test results reveal that implantation voltage has a great influence on RCF life. Compared with the untreated sample, N10and N50 (failure probability is 10% and 50% , respectively) life of the sample with the implantation voltage of 30 kv was increased by 58.8% and 223.5% , respectively.     

An Approach for Subsurface Rolling Contact Fatigue Damage Assessment of Backup Roll Material

This paper proposed an approach for the subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage assessment of the component operated under rolling contact conditions. The maximum range of orthogonal shear stress was selected as the critical stress controlling subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage. The distribution of the maximum range of orthogonal shear stress combined with the S–N curve of materials tested was used to compute the subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage. The distribution of subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage computed by theoretical model proposed was validated by the statistical analysis result of hardness test on the rolling contact fatigue test samples and distribution of the pole figure’s peak intensity tested by X-ray diffraction method in one of the reference article. The theoretical results agree well with that subsurface rolling contact fatigue damage evaluation characterized by hardness and X-ray diffraction.     

Ar+ ion beam induced silicide formation mechanism at the Pd-Si interface

Evaporated palladium films of 45 nm thickness on Si(1 1 1) were irradiated using 78 keV Ar⁺ ions with doses in the range of 1×10¹⁵ to 1.5×10¹⁶ cm^–2 for the purpose of studying silicide formation. Rutherford backscattering analysis shows that intermixing has occurred across the Pd-Si interface at room temperature. The mixing behaviour increases with increasing dose of the bombarding ions, which agrees well with a theoretical model of isotropic cascade mixing for palladium, and radiation-enhanced diffusion associated with an interstitial mechanism for silicon.     

Effect of retained austenite – Compressive residual stresses on rolling contact fatigue life of carburized AISI 8620 steel

In this study the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of case carburized AISI 8620 steel was numerically and experimentally investigated. For the numerical study, a two dimensional finite element (FE) RCF model based on the continuum damage mechanics (CDM) was developed to investigate the fatigue damage accumulation, crack propagation and final fatigue life of carburized AISI 8620 steel under various operating conditions. A randomly generated Voronoi tessellation was used to model the effects of material microstructure topology. The boundaries of the Voronoi elements were assumed to be the weak planes where damage accumulates, cracks initiate and propagate to simulate inter-granular cracks. A series of torsional fatigue tests were conducted on carburized AISI 8620 steel specimens containing 0% and 35% retained austenite (RA) to determine fatigue load (S) vs. life (N) of the material. The S–N results were then used to determine the material parameters necessary for the rolling contact fatigue model. The torsional fatigue test results indicate that the carburized AISI 8620 specimens with higher RA demonstrate higher life than the specimens with lower RA. The RCF model also indicates that the material with higher level of compressive residual stresses (RS) and retained austenite demonstrates higher RCF life. In order to corroborate the results of RCF model, a three-ball-on-rod rolling contact fatigue test rig was used to determine the RCF lives of carburized AISI 8620 steels with different amounts of RA. The fatigue life and cracks evolution pattern from the numerical and experimental results were corroborated. The results indicate that they are in good agreement.     

地铁车轮磨耗对轮轨接触特性及动力学性能的影响

对某地铁线路轮轨磨耗进行测试,分析实测型面与CN60钢轨匹配的轮轨接触几何关系,并利用Kalker三维弹性体非赫兹滚动接触理论对轮轨接触力学特性进行分析。利用UM多体动力学软件建立某B型地铁车辆动力学仿真模型,分析轮轨磨耗对车辆动力学性能及轮轨接触损伤特性的影响。结果表明:该线路车轮踏面磨耗较均匀,存在明显轮缘磨耗现象。不同运行里程下实测车轮踏面外形基本相似,导致车轮磨耗对轮轨接触几何关系、轮轨接触力学特性及车辆动力学性能的影响较小。实测轮轨匹配下的动力学性能略有下降。随着运行里程增大磨耗指数变化不大,表明车轮磨耗稳定。车轮磨耗后表面疲劳指数大于标准型面,出现滚动接触疲劳的可能性增大。     

轰击能量对离子束增强沉积Cr-N薄膜微观结构和硬度的影响

采用离子束增强沉积（IBED）技术，在不同能量氮离子的辅助轰击下制备了Cr－N薄膜；通过SEM观察、XRD分析和显微硬度测定，发现离子轰击能量对Cr－N薄膜的表面形貌、相组成和硬度有显著的影响：随着能量的升高，膜表面形貌由岛形颗粒状转变成蜂窝状；一定能量轰击下获得的Cr2N和CrN混相结构有最高的薄膜硬度；高达16keV的氮离子轰击可诱发非晶化的出现，并对膜有一定的强化作用。在此基础上探讨了离子轰击能量对合成Cr－N薄膜结构与性能的影响效应。     

铜／铝冷轧复合板剥离性能及界面摩擦分析

采用同步轧制方法制备铜／铝复合板,研究了轧制变形量对于铜／铝复合板结合强度和剥离表面形貌的影响,分析了轧制复合界面摩擦机理。研究结果表明,复合板结合强度、剥离表面粘铝、铜基体表面裂纹数都随着轧制变形量的增大而增大。变形量为50％时,结合强度为2N／mm,变形量为60％时,结合强度为7N／mm,变形量为70％时,结合强度为14N／mm。轧制过程中,新鲜金属从结合面裂纹中挤压出来,受界面摩擦力剪切作用,两新鲜金属搓合在一起形成良好结合。     

Study on Steel-Mushy Al-20Sn Alloy Bonding

Steel-mushy Al-20Sn alloy bonding was studied for the first time. The relationship model about preheat temperature of steel plate, solid fraction of Al-20Sn alloy mushy, rolling speed and interfacial shear strength of bonding plate could be established by artificial neural networks perfectly. This model could be optimized with a genetic algorithm. The optimum bonding parameters were: 505℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate, 34.3% for solid fraction of Al-20Sn alloy mushy and 10 mm/s for rolling speed, and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate was 71.2 MPa.     

Interfacial Structure of Steel-Mushy Al-20Sn Bonding Plate

Fe-AI compound at the interface of steel-mushy AI-20Sn bonding plate was studied quantitatively. The relationship between ratio of Fe-AI compound at interface and bonding parameters (such as preheat temperature of steel plate, solid fraction of AI-20Sn slurry and rolling speed) was established by artificial neural networks perfectly. The results show that when the bonding parameters are 505℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate, 34.3% for solid fraction of AI-20Sn slurry and 10 mm/s for rolling speed, the reasonable ratio of Fe-AI compound corresponding to the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is obtained. Its value is 72%. This reasonable ratio of Fe-AI compound is a quantitative criterion of interfacial embrittlement, that is, when the ratio of Fe-AI compound at interface is larger than 72%, interfacial embrittlement will occur.