气升式生物柴油反应装置设计与试验

设计了一种用于酯交换制备生物柴油的新型气升式反应装置。通过理论分析和试验,确定了反应器降液管高径比值（H/D）为10.70,分布器孔径在4～5mm之间。与传统机械搅拌式反应器相比较,采用气升式反应器制备脂肪酸甲酯转化率提高了8.5%,反应时间缩短0.5h,提高了原料转化率,降低了生产成本。     

生物工程100问

20.简述气升式生物培养器的工作机理气升式生物培养器可分为内循环式和外循环式两种,其结构见下图。     

本期封面介绍

镇江东方生物工程设备技术有限责任公司企业概况镇江东方生物工程设备技术公司是国内较大的全自动生化反应系统的专业制造商,为江苏省高新技术企业.主要从事3～200 kL液态、固态及特殊新型全自动生化反应系统(发酵罐及自动控制系统)的研究、开发与制造.主要产品有CJS+落地式成套不锈钢发酵罐、CBJS5/8玻璃磁力驱动发酵罐、CJS大规模成套磁力搅拌不锈钢发酵罐、CPS细胞生化反应器、GBJS/GUJS机械搅拌玻璃/不锈钢发酵罐、GYS厌氧发酵设备、GUOS气升式不锈钢发酵罐和A、B、B-1、C、AUTOBIO 2000、AUTOBIO 2000+6种控制系统.广泛适用于从事生物制药、基因工程、生物农业、环境保护等行业的实验室、生产车间和发酵工厂.公司生产的自动生化反应器为江苏省高新技术产品.公司生产的各类全自动生化反应系统(包括生化反应器和生化过程全自动控制系统)无论从产品的先热进性、成套性以及价格性能比等方面均可与国外产品媲美,某些方面甚至优于国外同类产品.公司的产品均按照ISO9001质量体系进行全程的质量控制.公司在2000年5月推出的AUTOBIO 2000全自动生化反应设备经江苏省科学技术厅组织的专家鉴定,整机被认为达到了国内领先、国际先进的水平.公司生产的产品均符合GMP标准.     

气升式反应器在L-苯丙氨酸发酵产酶过程中的应用

针对L 苯丙氨酸的酶法制备体系 ,研究了内循环和外循环气升式反应器在L 苯丙氨酸产酶发酵过程中的应用。实验发现 ,与标准机械搅拌罐相比 ,采用气升式反应器发酵产酶 ,转氨酶酶活分别提高了 2 0 %和 1 0 % ,产酶周期也相应缩短。     

外循环气升式发酵罐体积溶氧系数及其应用于柠檬酸发酵的研究

对10L外循环气升式发酵罐的体积溶氧系数进行了研究，得出了体积溶氧系数与操作条件之间的关联式。在此基础上，进行了柠檬酸发酵试验，并与10L机械搅拌发酵罐进行比较，实验结果表明，研制的外循环气升式发酵罐的发酵结果优于机械搅拌发酵罐。因此，外循环气升式发酵罐用于柠檬酸的发酵生产具有较好的前景。     

生物工程100问

21.简述气升式生物培养器生产酒精酵母的操作要点先将生物培养器内用清水洗净,再用蒸汽杀菌。100℃,15分钟。冷却至室温,加     

一种水解酸化——厌氧好氧耦合生化降解处理废水方法

<正>清华大学于2008年12月公开了一种水解酸化——厌氧好氧耦合生化降解系统,用于处理难降解有机废水,属于环境工程及工业废水处理技术领域。该生化降解系统由两个串联的气升式     

气升式生物反应器

本文叙述了生物反应器的发展及气升式生物反应器的特点和应用,概述了设计中氧传递速率与空气分布器及上升管直径和长度之间的关系。     

198 L分段式内循环气升式反应器混合特性的研究

对１９８Ｌ的内循环式气升气应器的进行内导筒的分段,并研究混合特性,流体的循环速度有所增加,当Ｓ／Ｄｃ为１．４时,液体混合时间最短。     

酒精制醋连续发酵工艺研究

介绍2L气升式反应器二级串连连续发酵生产食醋的工艺。为确定最初发酵条件，试验先用两个2L气升式反应器以6．3％食用酒精、4％黄浆水和水的混合物为发酵培养基在温度30℃条件下半连续发酵，充满系数0．77。当酸度达到要求时都改为连续发酵，同时对进料流量、通气速率进行了研究。得出在进料流量55mL／h、入口处食用酒精6．5％、黄浆水4．3％、通气速率0.188min^-1（vvm）、残留酒精浓度0．35g／100mL时酸度为4．87g／100mL、产酸速率为0．87g/L·h，产酸率76．6％（g/g）。     

Enhanced anthocyanin production from grape callus in an air-lift type bioreactor using a viscous additive-supplemented medium

An N-medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was applied to an air-lift type bioreactor culture of grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Bailey alicant A.) callus, and anthocyanin production was investigated. Grape callus grew well at an air flow rate of 80 ml/min and anthocyanin production was significantly increased in the N-medium, reaching 17 mg/l after 7 d of culture. The anthocyanin content of the N-medium was about two times higher than that of the conventional medium without CMC. The effect of air flow rate was also investigated within the range from 40 to 160 ml/min. A twofold increase in anthocyanin content was obtained at all the air flow rates tested in the N-medium. The distribution of grape callus size obtained after 7 d of the bioreactor culture was investigated. The average callus size was 490 mum which was 1.6 times larger than that obtained in the conventional medium. It was found that large calli with a relatively high anthocyanin pigment content were formed in the bioreactor culture using the N-medium. The fluid dynamics in the bioreactor was also investigated at three points (top, middle and bottom) in the bioreactor by laser doppler velocimetry. The average axial velocity of the circulated medium was 0.4 times lower than that of the conventional medium while their average radial velocities were almost the same (zero). The standard deviation of radial velocity fluctuation in the N-medium was also 0.4 times less than that in the conventional medium. These results suggest that turbulent flow occurred in the bioreactor culture using the conventional medium and the degree of turbulent flow decreased significantly when 0.8% CMC was added to the medium to prepare the N-medium. A change of the flow pattern is considered to be the cause of the decrease in hydrodynamic stress, resulting in enhanced pigment production due to the enlargement of the callus.     

Design of a fungal bioprocess for vanillin production from vanillic acid at scalable level by Pycnoporus cinnabarinus

The biotechnological process of vanillin production from vanillic acid by Pycnoporus cinnabarinus was scaled-up at the laboratory level. Vanillin production was studied in two types of bioreactors, a mechanically agitated and an air-lift bioreactor. In the mechanically agitated bioreactor where vanillin was produced in greater quantities, oxygen availability was studied during the growth and production phases. A maximal aeration rate (90l/h equivalent to 0.83 volume of air/volume of medium/min or vvm) during the growth phase and a minimal aeration rate (30 l/h equivalent to 0.28 vvm) during the production phase were necessary to increase vanillin production to 1260 mg/l. Vanillic acid bioconversion to vanillin occurred under the conditions of reduced dissolved oxygen concentration, gentle agitation, high carbon dioxide production and low specific growth rate. However, under these conditions, vanillin production was accompanied by a significant amount of methoxyhydroquinone. Vanillin over a concentration of 1000 mg/l was shown to be highly toxic to the growth of P. cinnabarinus on agar medium. The application of selective XAD-2 resin led to a reduction of vanillin concentration in the medium, thus limiting its toxicity towards the fungal biomass as well as the formation of unwanted by-products such as methoxyhydroquinone and allowed the concentration of vanillin produced to reach 1575 mg/l.     

环流筛板塔式生化反应器研究

本文针对内环流反应器在通气发酵过程中应用时存在的一些问题,设计了一种在导流筒上面设多段环流筛板的新型塔式生化反应器,内径D=200mm,总高H=2500mm;并对其流动特性、气含率和传质系数进行了研究,[用压差法测定了全塔及导流筒内的气含率εc,用Na_2SO_3—空气氧化法测定了传氧系数k(?)、气液相界比表面积a(524-1224m-1)及容积传质系数k_La(1171-3278h~(-1)],得出了这种反应器中气含率εc_1,相界面比表面积a和传氧系数k(?)的关联式: 此外,还得出了这种反应器的最佳板间距(H_1=2h_1)和最佳操作气速(Uc=6.2cm/s),推导出筛板环流筒长度的计算式:供放大设计时参考。     

Efficient conversion of itaconic acid to (S)-(+)-citramalic acid by Alcaligenes xylosoxydans IL142

The effective production of (S)-(+)-citramalic acid from itaconic acid with an enantiomeric purity of more than 99.9% was successfully achieved using resting cells of a newly isolated strain, Alcaligenes xylosoxydans IL142. The highest conversion activity was obtained with an itaconic acid concentration of 65.0 g.l(-1). After 30 h of reaction, 68.9 g.l(-1) of (S)-(+)-citramalic acid was produced from 65.0 g.l(-1) of itaconic acid. This is equivalent to a molar yield of 93.1%. This production process is of considerable economic significance because only very few by-products were detected. The ATP and CoA requirements for (S)-(+)-citramalic acid formation from itaconic acid were evaluated using crude cell-free enzymes. Addition of succinate enhanced the production of (S)-(+)-citramalic acid in the presence of CoA and ATP. These results suggest the existence of strong citramalyl-CoA transferase activity in the cell.     

衣康酸发酵工艺的初步研究

以土曲霉为出发菌株,探讨了衣康酸发酵工艺条件对产酸的影响。结果表明：以葡萄糖为碳源,ＮＨ４ＮＯ３为氮源,玉米浆为辅助碳源有利于提高产酸。Ｍｇ２＋能促进菌体生长和发酵产酸,Ｐｂ２＋和Ａｌ３＋抑制菌体生长及产酸。Ｍｇ２＋可以解除Ｐｂ２＋和Ａｌ３＋对产酸的抑制作用。Ｍｎ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋、Ｃａ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋等对产酸影响不明显。     

聚丙烯酸酯浆料亲水性结构单元的选择

探索衣康酸作为共聚单体用于制备聚丙烯酸酯浆料的可行性.以丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸及衣康酸作为共聚单体,分别与丙烯酸丁酯进行自由基溶液共聚合,制备了聚丙烯酸酯浆料,考察了这三种结构单元对聚丙烯酸酯浆料黏附性能和浆膜性能的影响.探索了衣康酸含量与上述性能间的内在联系.结果表明:大分子链中亲水性链节的类型和含量对聚丙烯酸酯浆料的性能有明显影响.在制备用于涤纶经纱上浆的溶聚型聚丙烯酸酯浆料时,应使用衣康酸作为亲水性单体.     

发酵法生产衣康酸技术的研究——衣康酸发酵工艺条件的研究(Ⅱ)

以衣康酸高产菌株土曲霉HAT418为出发菌株 ,研究探讨了不同碳源、氮源、无机盐类以及温度、起始 pH值等因素对衣康酸发酵的影响 ,确定了较优培养基组成和发酵工艺条件。实验结果表明 ,土曲霉HAT418适合于多种原料的衣康酸生产 ,如玉米淀粉、山芋粉、低脂玉米粉、蔗糖、口服葡萄糖等 ;硝酸铵、硫酸铵是衣康酸发酵的最适氮源 ,玉米浆是必要的辅助氮源 ;适宜的发酵起始pH值在 2 5～ 3 0 ;适宜的发酵温度为 3 6～ 3 7℃ ;Mg2 + 对土曲霉HAT418菌株的衣康酸发酵影响显著 ,适量的Mg2 + 是衣康酸发酵必需的 ;Ca2 + 可抑制杂酸的形成 ,培养基中添加 0 1g/L的CaCl2 可以使发酵液中衣康酸占总酸的比例提高 1 2 3 %。土曲霉HAT418菌株以 12 0～ 160 g/L的玉米淀粉双酶水解糖为碳源 ,NH4NO3 为主要氮源 ,摇瓶发酵 80h左右 ,衣康酸产酸率达到 83 0～10 1 1g/L ,糖酸转化率为 63 13 %～ 69 17% ,发酵残糖为 0 9～ 9 7g/L。     

Continuous acetic acid production by a packed bed bioreactor employing charcoal pellets derived from waste mushroom medium

A packed bed bioreactor using charcoal pellets produced from waste mushroom medium by thermal carbonization was developed and applied to continuous acetic acid production. The pellets were characterized by their high specific surface area (200 m2/g) with numerous micropores (2-10 microm). The continuous acetic acid fermentation started up smoothly after seeding and was successfully operated for about 180 d under various retention times. The maximum acetic acid productivity was about 3.9 g/l/h using normal aeration and 6.5 g/l/h using air enriched with 40% O2. The pellets are expected to prove useful as a new packing material for bioreactor in terms of their bacterial affinity, high specific surface area with appropriate pore sizes for bacteria, as well as the operational stability of the system and the low production cost.