摩尔-库仑等面积圆屈服准则及工程应用

将Mohr-Coulomb等面积圆屈服准则和有限元强度折减系数法相结合,提出了在平面应变条件下有限元分析模型的选取、边界条件的处理方法、收敛条件,以及采用大型通用有限元程序ANSYS分析边坡稳定时c、φ值的替换原则,最后用于分析某工程深基坑复合边坡的稳定问题,给出该工程边坡的安全系数。     

岩石工程中屈服准则应用的研究

<正> 以莫尔-库仑(Morh-Coulomb)定律为基础的摩擦型屈服准则是在实践中久经考验,至今在岩石工程中仍被广泛采用的一个屈服准则。鉴于莫尔-库仑准则在计算上存在的困难,目前国内编制的岩土平面弹塑性有限元程序,对理想塑性情况大都采用德鲁克-普拉格(Drucker-Prager)屈服准则。但是这一准则在π平面上与莫尔-库仑不等角六边形出入较大,难以保证在计算中有足够的精度。近年来,随着岩土塑性理论的发展,使用的屈服准     

基于Levy-Mises本构关系及Hoek-Brown屈服准则的轴对称圆巷理想弹塑性解

 采用增量型本构关系即Levy-Mises本构关系及Hoek-Brown屈服准则,对轴对称圆巷进行理想弹塑性条件下的理论求解。分别采用该求解公式、卡氏求解公式、基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则求解公式以及数值模拟(FLAC3D)试验等,对常规的工程实例进行计算,分析、研究不同求解公式计算结果的异同性。采用Levy-Mises本构关系及广义Hoek-Brown屈服准则,进行理想弹塑性条件下的半解析半数值解求解。     

基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则的围岩塑性区半径和松动压力解析

文章基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则,推导了深埋圆形洞室塑性区半径和围岩松动压力,在偏平面上对表达式进行了解析;考虑到围岩强度参数的随机变异性,利用AN SYS的概率设计系统进行了可靠度分析。     

基于Lade-Duncan屈服准则的土压力计算

在平面应变条件下,应用广义虎克定律结合Lade-Duncan屈服准则,得到了考虑中主应力影响的主动和被动土压力计算公式,其计算出的主动土压力比Rankine主动土压力小,而计算出的被动土压力比Rankine被动土压力大,对实际工程具有一定参考价值。     

方底钢筋混凝土球扁壳基于双剪屈服准则的极限分析

利用双剪屈服准则建立了用机动法计算钢筋混凝土球扁壳的塑性屈服线理论,给出塑性屈服线求极限荷载的方法,使其更加合理。建立了矩形底的钢筋混凝土扁壳的屈服条件,并用无矩和有矩理论求解出方形底周边铰支的球扁壳的极限载荷。     

基于概率屈服准则的弹塑性随机有限元分析

基于偏微分技术，采用增量理论建立了弹塑性随机有限元增量初应力法的计算格工，考虑屈服准则的不确定性，对岩体Drucker-Prager屈服准则进行随机分析，以代替随机有限计算中屈服准则的定值分析，最后，编制了基于概率屈他准则的弹塑性随机有限元分析程序，并对两个算例进行了分析和讨论，得出了结论。     

关于破坏准则和屈服函数的总结

本文对３０多年来建议过的有关π平面和子午面的各种破坏准则和屈服函数的表达式进行分类和归纳，并认为继续进行这类问题的研究已经没有必要。     

基于SMP屈服准则的土压力计算

在平面应变条件下,应用SMP屈服准则,应考虑主应力影响的主动和被动土压力计算公式,计算结果和Rankine土压力理论相比,基于SMP准则的土压力公式计算的主动土压力比基于莫尔库仑为准则的Rankine土压力公式计算的结果大,而计算的被动土压力比Rankine土压力公式计算的小,说明该公式更符合工程实际,对实际工程具有一定参考价值.     

土体材料屈服准则及试验和数值分析应力路径探讨

对强度理论进行了深入的论述,剖析了莫尔–库仑剪切屈服准则,依据此准则,在主应力空间(三轴仪平面)、偏平面和大小主应力子午面上直观地描绘了在普通三轴仪上进行各种三轴压缩、三轴伸长试验的应力路径和平面应力条件下的应力路径,考虑土体为不抗拉或弱抗拉材料,建议采用张拉–莫尔–库仑剪切复合屈服准则和张拉-剪切–体积复合屈服准则来分析土体的屈服和破坏行为,并结合张拉–莫尔–库仑剪切复合屈服准则对现行有限元数值计算方法中按载荷步进行加、卸载分析时的应力路径进行了探讨。     

考虑微观莫尔-库仑准则的拓展虚内键本构模型

拓展虚内键本构模型（augmented virtual internal bond-AVIB）蕴含了微观断裂机理,在模拟材料断裂破坏过程中有着较强的优势,它还不能很好地模拟岩土材料的压剪破坏的力学行为,这限制了它在岩土工程中的应用。为了突破这一局限性,在微观虚内键层面上引入了莫尔-库仑类型的虚内键破坏准则,来模拟岩土材料宏观压剪破坏行为。数值分析表明：通过引入这一微观莫尔-库仑准则,可以很好地再现岩石材料三轴受压情况下的强度特征,并且在大量数值模拟基础上,得出了微观内摩擦角和黏聚力与宏观内摩擦角和黏聚力之间的关系。该关系为本模型的参数标定提供了依据。     

非线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则下边坡可靠度上限

传统边坡可靠度分析往往在岩土参数服从线性Mohr-Coulomb(简称线性M-C)破坏准则的假设条件下进行,并且常常采用极限平衡法或有限元法计算安全系数。然而,岩土介质破坏准则具有一定的非线性。为能更加实际地描述岩土破坏机理和得到严格精确的解,基于非线性MohrCoulomb(简称非线性M-C)破坏准则,结合极限分析上限法和蒙特卡洛法,进行边坡可靠度上限分析。当非线性参数m=1时,与等效的线性M-C破坏准则进行对比计算,验证了方法的可行性。同时,将初始粘聚力、内摩擦角arctan(c0/σt)和非线性参数作为随机变量且服从截断正态分布,进行了参数变异性和敏感性影响分析。研究表明:非线性M-C破坏准则下,边坡可靠度随初始粘聚力、内摩擦角arctan(c0/σt)和非线性参数变异性的增大而减小;边坡可靠度随初始粘聚力和内摩擦角arctan(c0/σt)的增大而增大,随非线性参数的增大而减小。     

土压力系数与摩尔库仑强度准则内在联系研究

通过对挡土墙后土体某点的受力分析,推导计算了静止土压力,并探讨了朗肯主动土压力与被动土压力,研究了土压力系数和摩尔库仑理论的内在联系,对土压力理论研究与工程计算有重要的意义。     

基于非线性M–C准则的深埋土质隧道三维塌落破坏上限分析

围岩条件较差时,深埋土质隧道在隧道开挖过程中容易发生塌方,准确预测深埋土质隧道塌方土体的范围极其重要,目前能预测深埋土质隧道塌落范围的理论研究不够成熟。为了提前预测土质隧道围岩顶部塌落体的范围,基于非线性Mohr–Coulomb准则和极限分析上限法,推导出深埋土质隧道在三维破坏机制下塌落体的上限表达式,得到了深埋土质隧道塌落体范围的精确解。通过数值软件Matlab绘制出了塌落体的三维形状,研究了各参数对深埋隧道塌落体形状的影响,并与既有研究进行对比分析,研究结果表明:土体中各参数、隧道顶部圆弧的半径和支护力对深埋土质隧道塌落体的范围影响比较大;基于非线性Mohr–Coulomb准则下深埋土质隧道塌落体的上限分析可以求解出有、无支护力条件下塌落体的高度和宽度,求解合理、可靠,并能给出防止深埋土质隧道塌方发生的支护力大小,可为隧道工程设计提供理论依据。     

基于Mohr-Coulomb准则和强度折减法边坡稳定性数值分析

结合某隧道现场实测地质参数和地貌状况,建立了边坡的三维数值模型,基于Mohr-Coulomb准则和强度折减法,分析了渗透力作用下隧道边坡稳定性,并根据数值计算和分析结果,提出了合理的边坡加固措施。     

An approximate nonlinear modified Mohr-Coulomb shear strength criterion with critical state for intact rocks

In this paper, the Mohr-Coulomb shear strength criterion is modified by mobilising the cohesion and internal friction angle with normal stress, in order to capture the nonlinearity and critical state concept for intact rocks reported in the literature. The mathematical expression for the strength is the same as the classical form, but the terms of cohesion and internal friction angle depend on the normal stress now, leading to a nonlinear relationship between the strength and normal stress. It covers both the tension and compression regions with different expressions for cohesion and internal friction angle. The strengths from the two regions join continuously at the transition of zero normal stress. The part in the compression region approximately satisfies the conditions of critical state, where the maximum shear strength is reached. Due to the nonlinearity, the classical simple relationship between the parameters of cohesion, internal friction angle and uniaxial compressive strength from the linear Mohr-Coulomb criterion does not hold anymore. The equation for determining one of the three parameters in terms of the other two is supplied. This equation is nonlinear and thus a nonlinear equation solver is needed. For simplicity, the classical linear relationship is used as a local approximation. The approximate modified Mohr-Coulomb criterion has been implemented in a fracture mechanics based numerical code FRACOD, and an example case of deep tunnel failure is presented to demonstrate the difference between the original and modified Mohr-Coulomb criteria. It is shown that the nonlinear modified Mohr-Coulomb criterion predicts somewhat deeper and more intensive fracturing regions in the surrounding rock mass than the original linear Mohr-Coulomb criterion. A more comprehensive piecewise nonlinear shear strength criterion is also included in Appendix B for those readers who are interested. It covers the tensile, compressive, brittle-ductile behaviour transition and the critical state, and gives smooth transitions.     

基于非线性Mohr-Coulomb强度准则下锚索极限抗拔力研究

根据预应力锚索破裂面的形状参数方程、非线性Mohr-Coulomb强度准则和极限平衡原理,推导出一个能够考虑锚索破裂面形状、岩土体种类、抗拉强度以及围岩压力和灌浆压力等因素的预应力锚索极限抗拔承载力计算公式。理论计算结果和算例分析表明了该理论及其求解方法的有效性和可靠性。     

Anisotropic failure criterion for soils based on equivalent stress tensor

Experimental evidence shows that both the inherent anisotropy and the loading direction have a considerable influence on the failure of geomaterials. Based on a micro-macro analysis of soil skeletons, the equivalent stress tensor is extracted from the equilibrium equation to measure the joint effect of the fabric tensor and the stress tensor. Using the equivalent stress tensor, an anisotropic failure criterion is proposed which combines the magnitude and the direction of the effective stress together with the microscopic characteristics of anisotropy. With the parameters determined by conventional laboratory tests, the predicted results are compared with the experimental results using various stress paths obtained from the literature. The results show that the anisotropic failure criterion is reliable and accurate for both true triaxial tests and torsional shear tests. Finally, the possible applications of the equivalent stress and the improvements necessary for the anisotropic failure criterion are discussed.     

Dual criterion equivalent linearization approach for yielding structures under earthquake excitation

In order to estimate both maximum displacement and maximum inertia force of bilinear hysteretic system subjected to earthquake motions, an equivalent linearization approach with new effective parameters is presented. Effective mass and effective damping ratio as pair of effective parameters instead of the effective period and effective damping ratio in existing equivalent linear systems are introduced. Two error measures for displacement and inertia force are defined. Error distributions over a two‐dimensional parameter space of effective parameters are analysed, and the parameters are determined through a statistical approach with a dual optimization criterion for displacement and inertia force errors applicable to structural design. Single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems with bilinear hysteretic model; natural periods from 0.1 to 3.0 s; linear damping ratios from 3 to 50%; ductility ratios from 1.5 to 6; and post‐yield slope ratios 0, 0.05, 0.1 are considered. Analytical expressions for the effective parameters, and the ratio of the maximum inertia force to the maximum restoring force as functions of response ductility, elastic damping ratio and natural period of inelastic system are proposed for different site conditions and post‐yield slope ratios. Evaluation of proposed equations is performed, which reveals that the linear parameters lead to permissible error ranges. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hoek-Brown屈服准则及其在隧道开挖中的应用

以梁忠高速公路礼让隧道为例,建立了有限元数值计算模型,并对比分析了采用Hoek-Brown和Mohr-Coulomb两种不同屈服准则时围岩稳定性计算结果,结果表明,不同准则计算的极限状态下,Hoek-Brown屈服准则能有效反映岩体的非线性破坏特征,与现场实际较为吻合,适用于节理岩体计算和稳定性分析。