镁合金的冲压模具设计研究

本文以AZ31B镁合金手机外壳的冲压模具设计和在普通机械式锻压机床上的冲压生产为例，对AZ31B镁合金冲压成形过程中的板材制备、冲压模具设计、模具及板材的温度、冲压变形速度、润滑剂的选用等关键技术做了较为隶统的实验研究。实验表明．通过合理地选取模具参数并对拉深速度、坯料及模具温度等主要影响因素的控制，可有效地解决AZ31B镁合金拉深生产过程中的拉裂缺陷。在普通机械式锻压机床上能成功地冲压生产出镁合金手机外壳。     

AZ31镁合金薄板手机外壳温冲模具设计及成形性能研究

设计并制造了AZ31镁合金薄板的手机外壳温冲模具,并对其成形性能进行试验研究。试验表明,eta/DYNAFORM有限元模拟软件能够较好的验证模具设计的合理性和分析AZ31镁合金薄板冲压成形性能,通过合理地选取模具参数,并对拉伸速度、润滑条件、坯料以及凸、凹模温度等主要影响因素的控制,可有效地解决AZ31镁合金拉伸生产过程中的拉裂缺陷,在普通液压机上能成功冲压出镁合金壳形件。     

镁合金的冲压成形工艺研究

研究了在曲柄压力机上用镁合金板材冲压手机外壳的模具设计和工艺制度,研究了坯料温度、模具温度、润滑条件等工艺因素对镁合金手机外壳冲压质量的影响。试验表明,在应用正确的模具结构和适当的工艺条件下,当坯料温度在350℃左右,拉深凹模温度在350℃左右及良好润滑情况下,能够成功地在曲柄压力机上冲压出镁合金手机外壳。     

AZ31、AZ91镁合金薄板热拉伸成形规律的实验研究

设计了正交实验表,对AZ31和AN91镁合金薄板试样,在万能实验机上进行了在线加热拉伸实验,分析了成形温度、拉深速度、压边力和毛坯直径对拉伸成形极限高度的影响规律,得到了AZ31和AZ91镁合金薄板最佳拉伸工艺参数范围,即成形温度为180℃,拉伸速度为10 mm/min,压边力为2000N,毛坯直径为85mm.本研究能为镁合金拉伸件的生产提供理论依据.     

AZ31镁合金板材的冲压性能

通过对异步轧制后的AZ31镁合金板材在杯突试验机上进行冲压试验,以此来研究AZ31镁合金板材的冲压性能.采用热轧态AZ31镁合金板材在异步轧机上进行不同压下率轧制,采取空冷,然后对单道次异步轧制后的板材进行退火处理.对退火处理后的板材切块、打磨,在杯突试验机上进行冲压试验,测量板材的杯突值,通过拉伸试验测得冲压性能指标...     

AZ31合金板材的显微组织、拉伸性能与冲压工艺探索

研究了AZ31合金轧制过程中的组织演变及与室温拉伸性能的对应规律,探索了AZ31合金手机壳和笔记本电脑壳的冲压工艺.结果表明,经过多道次的轧制变形后,均匀化态的AZ31合金组织发生了动态再结晶,晶粒明显细化且呈等轴态,平均尺寸小于20 μm.厚度为2 mm和0.6 mm的AZ31合金板材室温拉伸强度对变形方向较敏感,延伸率也随着取样方向有所改变.在100～350℃下,利用厚度0.6 mm AZ31合金板材冲压出手机外壳和笔记本电脑外壳.经过EBSD分析表明,基面和棱柱面织构的存在导致了AZ31合金板材力学性能的各向异性.     

AZ31B镁合金电流辅助拉伸的多场耦合分析

为了探讨电流对材料成形性能的影响,建立了考虑温度影响的AZ31B镁合金流动应力模型及电场-温度场-变形场三场耦合有限元模型,分析了AZ31B镁合金板料在电流辅助拉伸变形中电流、温度和应变速率分布的关系,模拟了电流辅助拉伸和等温拉伸变形直至破裂的过程,研究了电流、温度和应变速率分布随拉伸变形的演化规律,并建立了AZ31B破裂应变与Z参数的关系式。结果表明:通电拉伸试样伸长率较等温拉伸时降低,这是由于通电拉伸时试样内温度分布不均导致变形局部化,但两者的破裂应变基本一致,该变形局部化对断面收缩率几乎没有影响,采用断面收缩率评价通电拉伸时材料的塑性更为合理。     

AZ31镁合金板材温热冲压数值模拟与实验研究

采用Gleeble3500热模拟实验机进行了单向拉伸实验,分析了AZ31镁合金板材的力学性能;以此实验数据为基础,对温热冲压过程进行了数值模拟,研究了拉深温度、压边力等工艺因素对镁合金板材成形性能的影响;通过极限拉深比实验,对数值模拟结果进行了实验验证。结果表明:在极限拉深温度150℃,极限拉深速度15 mm/s,固定压边力的工艺条件下,极限拉深比能够达到2.5。模拟结果表明:模拟结果和实验结果具有良好的一致性;采用变压边力可以明显提高板材的冲压性能,极限拉深比将达到5.0。     

AZ31B镁合金方盒形件的差温拉深成形

以AZ31B镁合金方盒形件差温拉深成形过程为研究对象,进行了单向拉伸试验,确定了本构方程中的有关参数;依据差温拉深成形的特点,对影响AZ31B镁合金方盒形件拉深成形效果的重要指标进行了数值模拟,确定了最佳的凸模和凹模温度组合为50℃和250℃,并通过试验进行了验证;对较优温度组合条件下所得的试件进行了相关区域的金相组织分析,结果表明,塑性变形后的AZ31B镁合金方盒形件的组织性能明显优于原始板料,差温导致的孪晶可有效提高成形深度。     

AZ31镁合金板料等温拉深

对AZ31镁合金板料在等温条件下的拉深成型性能进行了研究.结果表明:在精确控制压边力以及采用良好的润滑条件的前提下,AZ31镁合金板料在200℃以下具有良好的拉深成型能力;当成型温度为150℃时.极限拉深比为2.0.当在100℃进行拉深时,单位压边力数值最大;单位压边强度随温度的变化规律与拉深成型过程中材料的软化与硬化作用有关.     

Cold stamping formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet undergoing repeated unidirectional bending process

The repeated unidirectional bending (RUB) process was carried out on an AZ31B magnesium alloy in order to investigate its effects on the cold stamping formability. The limiting drawing ratio (LDR) of the RUB processed magnesium alloy sheet with an inclination of basal pole in the rolling direction can reach 1.5 at room temperature. It was also confirmed that cell phone housings can be stamped successfully in crank press using the RUB processed AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. The improvement of the stamping formability at room temperature can be attributed to the texture modifications, which led to a lower yield strength, a larger fracture elongation, a smaller Lankford value (r-value) and a larger strain hardening exponent (n-value).     

镁合金板材的固体颗粒介质拉深工艺参数

提出基于固体颗粒介质成形(SGMF)工艺的镁合金板材差温拉深工艺,并展开试验研究。通过对AZ31B镁合金薄板进行差温拉深成形试验,研究了成形温度、拉深速度、压边力、压边间隙、凹模圆角和润滑条件对拉深性能的影响,确定AZ31B镁合金板料最佳成形工艺参数。结果表明:该工艺可显著提高镁合金板材的成形性能,成形温度及拉深速度对板料拉深性能影响较大,板料最佳成形温度区间为290～310℃,颗粒介质与板料理想温差为110～150℃;压边力和压边间隙对拉深性能产生联合影响;此外,凹模圆角和润滑条件也对拉深性能有一定的影响。当上述工艺参数达到最佳值时成功拉深出极限拉深比(LDR)为2.41的工件。     

Cold stamping for AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet of cell phone house

Electric product house of magnesium alloy sheet is usually obtained by warm stamping owing to its poor plasticity and formability at room temperature. The formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet can be improved by repeated unidirectional bending (RUB) process through control of (0002) basal texture. Compared with as-received sheet, the Erichsen value (IE) of the sheet underwent RUB process increases to 5.90 from 3.53 at room temperature. It is also confirmed that cell phone houses could be stamped successfully in crank press with AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets underwent RUB process. It provides an alternative to the electronics industry in the application of magnesium alloys.     

Influence of initial texture on formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets at different temperatures

Repeated unidirectional bending (RUB) process was carried out to improve the texture of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets. Influence of initial texture on formability of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets at different temperatures was investigated. Compared with the as-received sheets, the limiting drawing ratio of the RUB processed sheets increased to 1.3 at room temperature, 1.5 at 50 °C and 1.7 at 100 °C, respectively. The improvement of the press formability at lower temperatures can be attributed to the texture modification, which led to a smaller Lankford value and a larger strain hardening exponent. However, the press formability of the sheet with a weakened basal texture has no advantage at higher temperature. This is due to much smaller r-value that results in severe thinning in thickness direction during the stamping process which is unfavorable to forming. Anyhow it is likely that the texture control has more effect on the press formability at lower temperature.     

镁合金方形件分块压边液压拉深壁厚分析

基于分块压边液压成形装置,运用Dynaform有限元软件对AZ31B镁合金方形件的液压成形过程进行了数值模拟。比较分析了镁合金板在整体式压边和分块式压边条件下的液压成形效果,重点研究了分块压边方式对镁合金方形件的壁厚影响规律,并探索了相对合理的压边力参数。研究结果表明:与整体式压边相比,采用分块式压边能有效改善AZ31B镁合金方形件的壁厚均匀性,提高其成形质量。     

Improvement of formability of Mg–Al–Zn alloy sheet at low temperatures using differential speed rolling

The differential speed rolling (DSR) with a roll speed ratio of 1.167 was carried out on an AZ31B magnesium alloy in order to investigate its effects on the formability. Compared with the normal rolled sheet exhibiting approximately the same average grain size, the Erichsen values of the DSR processed sheet with an inclination of basal pole in the rolling direction significantly increased by about 1.5 and 1.9 times at room temperature and at 423 K, respectively. The deep-drawing temperature limit for a drawing ratio of 1.5 was also lowered from 443 K to 423 K. The improvement of the press formability at low temperatures can be attributed to the texture modifications, which led to a lower 0.2% proof stress, a larger uniform elongation, a smaller Lankford value and a larger strain hardening exponent.     

Finite element simulation on press forging of magnesium alloy AZ31 sheets

Press forging of rectangular box of magnesium alloy AZ31 sheets was investigated at elevated temperatures.The characteristics of metal flow were analyzed on the basis of finite element method(FEM) and experiments.Effects of friction factor and sidewall thickness on metal flow and boss forming were investigated by FEM.The results indicate that the bosses and the sidewall of the rectangular box are formed unevenly due to the uneven flow of the metal.The increase in friction factor at die/sheet interface im...     

AZ31B镁合金薄板的单向拉伸行为实验研究

在Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机上对AZ31B镁合金薄板(0.6 mm)拉伸试样在100～350℃的温度范围和1×10-1～1×10-3s-1的应变速率范围内进行了的单向拉伸实验,根据实验结果对AZ31B镁合金薄板的力学性能进行了分析.结果表明:AZ31B镁合金薄板在较低变形温度100～150℃时,应变速率对流动应力的影响不大;相比之下应变速率对AZ31B镁合金的断裂伸长率却有一定的影响,提高应变速率会降低材料的伸长率;在较高变形温度(200℃以上)时,应变速率对流动应力的影响比较明显,表现出显著的应变速率敏感性.