火箭弹连续波电磁环境中响应特性仿真分析研究

为了分析火箭弹电磁环境中的响应特性,利用ANSYSHFSS电磁仿真软件,建立了火箭弹収动机及其配用电火工品电磁仿真模型,幵在连续波电磁环境中,开展了火箭弹収动机及其配用电火工品电磁环境效应仿真研究。通过探测火工品上的感应电流大小,得到了10×10~3～18×10~9Hz频率范围内火工品的频响曲线,以及100MHz时弹内电场分布特点,获得了火箭弹在不同入射方向、不同电场强度电磁场中的耦合规律,为分析火箭弹连续波电磁场中安全性提供支撑。     

航天器火工品系统安全性试验研究

对火工品电缆组件面临的电磁环境进行分析,讨论了火工品电缆组件电磁安全性试验方法,提出电火工品对桥丝感应电流敏感度的试验方案,研究了电火工品桥丝感应电流与其发火阈值之间的关系;给出混响室辐照试验方案,创造100MHz~18GHz宽频域范围内的综合电磁环境,综合评估火工品电缆组件在复杂电磁环境下的系统安全性及传递特性。     

电热火工品感应电流与连续电磁波频率的关系

电热火工品电磁波环境下的响应效应与规律性是开展电磁安全性研究及环境适应性设计的基础。为了得到影响电热火工品电磁响应的重要参数与规律,用实验室建立的连续电磁波环境模拟系统与感应电流测试装置,研究了电热火工品电磁波环境下感应电流与频率间的关系。结果表明,电热火工品感应电流与电磁波频率间存在谐振关系。以火工品垂直脚线状态为例,其脚线长度为0.72 m时,对应感应电流谐振频率约为200 MHz。在此基础上开展的理论计算与仿真研究,证实了火工品脚线的天线特性是影响其电磁响应的关键因素。电热火工品在其脚线长度对应的谐振频率点处感应电流值最大。     

轨道炮发射过程中电火工品的可靠性评估

电磁轨道炮发射时会在膛内激发强脉冲磁场,从而与引信内部的电火工品产生能量耦合,影响轨道炮弹药的作用可靠性。针对轨道炮电火工品所处位置的磁场环境表征,应用有限元法对轨道炮发射全过程进行了仿真模拟,明确了弹丸引信区域磁场的时空分布特性,突出了发射组件出膛瞬间这一特殊事件所引起的极端磁场变化。然后开展了电火工品与强脉冲磁场环境的耦合效应研究,研究了电火工品壳体、桥区薄膜等实际几何特征对强脉冲磁场的衰减特性,分析了不同脚线布置方式下弹丸电火工品换能元的电热响应特征,并以该型电火工品的最小点火能量与桥区熔点为标准对其作用可靠性进行了评估。研究结果表明轨道炮发射典型参数下电火工品具有较高安全性。分析结果可为电磁轨道炮弹药引信的设计与可靠性评估提供参考。     

火工品高频阻抗计算与仿真分析

为了评估电火工品在宽频带电磁环境中的安全性,通过理论计算和仿真模拟的方法,对高频段的某典型电热火工品的射频阻抗进行了研究,获得了在1×10~(-5)~20GHz内的5个谐振频率点,并且理论计算与仿真结果基本一致。     

电火工品静电安全性评价方法研究

本文简要阐明了真实静电感度测试方法，以试样的静电点火能量符合正态分布和对数正态分布为基础，给出了其数据处理方法。根据电火工品生产、贮运和使用的实际情况，建立了静电放电模型，提出了计算电火工品静电安全阈值的方法，并测试确定了人体和金属没衍对5种典型电火工品直接放电的安全电压阈值。     

电火工品电磁危害评估

分析了射能量对电火工品的危害机制,给出了电火工品电磁危害评估的方法,用一内插法绘出射频功率－频率曲线,并讨论了影响电火工品射频接收的因素。     

侵彻弹内电火工品的射频安全性分析

为研究射频对侵彻弹内电火工品的影响,按照电火工品射频安全性评价方法,在RFID手持设备终端(频率:927MHz,天线增益:4d B,发射功率:0~30d Bm连续可调)辐射电磁环境中,对该侵彻火箭弹中的3种电火工品安全性进行测试。测试结果表明该侵彻火箭弹最小安全无隐患电场强度为9V/m。当发射功率在20~30d Bm范围内,设备终端与电火工品的距离不小于0.20m时,EED1和EED2均表现为射频辐射安全;当发射功率在20~22d Bm范围内,设备终端与电火工品的距离不小于0.20m时,EED3表现为射频辐射安全。     

电火工品电磁环境适应性的研究进展及展望

电火工品作为武器系统的点火源、引爆源,是影响武器系统安全性和可靠性的重要因素之一。从电火工品换能元钝感化设计和防护器件的选用角度出发,综述了近年来电火工品电磁兼容性设计的研究进展。介绍了提高电火工品抗电磁环境能力的两种方法(增加防护器件来吸收或旁路从电磁环境中耦合的能量和设计新型钝感电火工品)。认为采用现代微电子工艺,设计制备集成式抗电磁干扰电火工品是大规模制备具有较高一致性和可靠性的点火换能元芯片的可行方法。     

桥丝式电火工品射频感度试验研究

为了研究射频对电火工品的影响,利用传导方法分别测定了三种不同的桥丝式电火工品试样的敏感频率,然后在敏感频率条件下根据升降法对试样的射频感度进行了测定和计算。对三种各30发电火工品进行了敏感频率探测试验,确定射频敏感频率均为0.4 GHz;在敏感频率条件下,利用升降法对三种各30发电火工品的射频感度进行了测试,射频感度随桥丝电阻增加而降低,计算得到50%发火功率分别为2.818 W、0.428 W和0.897 W。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.