基于OpenFlow的SDN可靠性综述

软定义网络(SDN)是一种新型的网络架构,其将控制平面和数据转发平面分离,并为网络管理提供了可编程的接口,简化了网络管理。随着基于OpenFlow的SDN技术在现实中的广泛应用,其所存在的问题也凸显出来,可靠性就是其中的一个重要方面。文中针对基于OpenFlow的SDN在可靠性方面存在的问题,分析总结了导致OpenFlow网络失效的因素,将网络失效划分为控制器、链路和节点失效,并归纳出相应的解决方案,探讨了未来基于OpenFlow的SDN在可靠性方面的研究方向与趋势。     

基于OpenFlow的SDN控制平面可扩展性综述

OpenFlow发展之初,主要是为了校园网络研究人员设计其创新网络架构提供真实的实验平台,形成一种新的网络构架SDN。随着其应用范围的增加,遇到的问题逐渐显现出来,尤其是可扩展性方面。文中介绍了OpenFlow的产生背景、特点及发展现状,以及几种较为典型的SDN控制器模型和控制平面框架,并对SDN可扩展性方面遇到的问题及解决方案进行了分析,并概述了其今后的发展方向。     

基于OpenFlow的SDN技术研究

作为一种新网络架构,SDN实现网络控制平面和数据平面分离,为未来互联网的发展提供一种新解决思路。文中简述OpenFlow与SDN技术的起源与发展,深入阐述SDN/OpenFlow技术的原理和技术标准,论述两大SDN标准制定组织ONF和OpenDayLight的发展现状,并给出SDN市场发展情况。     

基于OpenFlow的虚拟网实现研究

软件定义网络是一种数据和控制平面分离、软件可编程的新型网络架构及技术,控制平面使用以OpenFlow为代表的协议对转发平面进行集中式控制。SDN架构的这些特点能很好地满足了云计算对虚拟网络的集中化、标准化、自动化的配置管理要求。针对传统虚拟网络技术支持云计算平台的不足,提出基于OpenFlow的SDN技术设计虚拟网络的思路,论述了几种虚拟网络实现的原理与处理流程,并给出了模块化的软件设计及部分关键代码功能描述。     

软定义网络的主要技术及发展前景

软定义网络（software—defined networking,SDN）的主要设计思想是将计算机网络的控制平台和数据平台分离开,使用开放式的可编程的控制方式增加网络管理、维护、控制的灵活性和扩展性。本文在SDN概念的基础上,分析了基于OpenFlow的SDN的主要技术和网络构架,分析了SDN的国内外发展过程和研究现状,探讨了SDN网络今后的发展趋势。     

软件定义网络核心原理与应用实践

本书分为核心原理和应用实践两大部分,对软件定义网络(SDN)技术进行了全面剖析和深入解读。第一部分首先阐述了SDN的设计思想与体系架构,详细分析了软件定义网络的控制转发分离和可编程两个突出属性,其次介绍了以OpenFlow为代表的SDN南向接口协议,以及北向和东西向接口协议,接下来根据SDN的层次化架构,依次介绍了SDN数据平面、控制平面以及SDN应用案例,最后梳理总结了SDN标准化进展以     

基于OpenFlow的软件定义网络路由技术研究

文中主要探索了基于OpenFlow的软件定义网络（SDN）路由技术,旨在优化和提高网络管理效率。通过深入解读SDN的核心构架、OpenFlow协议的关键组成,并将其与传统路由进行对比,发现SDN提供了一个更加灵活和集中的网络管理机制。在路由决策、性能优化和故障恢复上,基于OpenFlow的SDN明显优于传统方法。由此可见,基于OpenFlow的软件定义网络路由技术不仅可以大大提高网络的运行效率,还能简化网络管理流程,为未来的网络技术发展指明方向。     

SDN网络及其在流媒体领域的应用探索

一项新的网络技术正在声名鹊起,那就是SDN,即软件定义网络。SDN把网络系统的控制平面与数据转发平面进行了分离,使网络建设更加快捷、成本更低、利用率更高、维护更方便。这一新网络建设模式的出现,将给网络技术架构、网络建设带来一场新的变革,也将为流媒体网络建设和视频服务带来非常大的影响;本文从技术架构、优点与挑战、在流媒体业务中的应用,以及OpenFlow协议等几个方面对SDN做了较为详细的介绍。     

SDN中基于全局拓扑感知的自适应流量均衡算法

针对软件定义网络(Software-Defined Networking,SDN)中控制平面和数据平面之间的控制链路性能受限导致的Packet_In传输瓶颈问题,提出了一种自适应的流量均衡算法,利用SDN网络控制平面拥有全局拓扑和交换机实时状态的特点,运用阈值对流量均衡起止条件进行控制,通过将超载交换机中流量重定向到邻...     

多域SDN网络中负载均衡路由算法研究

SDN是一种新型的网络架构,可分离数据平面和控制平面。其通常利用集中控制器来管理所有的网络中的交换机。随着网络规模的扩大,单个控制器的有限性能将导致控制平面拥塞,一些方案被提出以解决可扩展性问题,即将网络分离多个域。文章分析了现有的跨域交互技术以及负载均衡算法,并对已有的负载均衡算法作出比较。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.